High Pressure-Differential Thermal Analysis and Ultrasonic Wave Amplitude Analysis of Ice-Water Equilibrium at 1.5-5.0GPa

Water is the most active component in all geological systems.It has an important effect on the physical properties of minerals and melts.It also plays a key role in the evolution of the Earth.Accurate thermodynamics data on water are currently confined to pressures below 1.0GPa and temperatures below 900℃.Presented in this paper are new data available on the P-T properties of water at pressures up to 5.0GPa,develoged from differential thermal analysis and ultrasonic wave amplitude analysis.It has been found that there may exist another ternary point at 3.0GPa and that ultrasonic wave amplitude change of ice-water transition shows two inflection points above 2.0GPa, consistent with the two peaks of differential thermal curves above 2.0GPa .It may be a new phenomenon which needs further study.     

Strength Analysis of Turret Mooring Productive/Storage Tanker

The longitudinal strength of turret mooring productive/storage tanker is studied.A numeri-cal example has been implemented according to the method presented in this paper to give practical il-lustration.From the results of the numerical example,it is concluded that the turret hole located near theforward of the amidships has small effect on the longitudinal strength of the ship hull.As for design ex-treme value of wave bending moment of storage tanker,statistic method is a more reasonablemethodology,especially with the consideration of the servere environmental conditions.The primary esti-mation of design section modulus of turret storage tanker can be determined by this design bending mo-ment.     

水氡仪的标定与故障分析

在多年工作的基础上,介绍了水氡仪器的标定方法,分析了水氡仪器常见故障的原因及判别、排除方法等,指出所介绍的方法可供仪器标定人员工作时参考。     

Assessment of flow paths and confluences for saltwater intrusion in a deltaic river network

Saltwater intrusion is a serious issue in estuarine deltas all over the world due to rapid urban sprawl and water shortage. Therefore, detecting the major flow paths or locations at risk of saltwater intrusion in estuarine ecosystems is important for mitigating saltwater intrusion. In this paper, we introduce a centrality index, the betweenness centrality (BC), to address this problem. Using the BC as the weighted attribute of the river network, we identify the critical confluences for saltwater intrusion and detect the preferential flow paths for saltwater intrusion through the least‐cost‐path algorithm from a graph theory approach. Moreover, we analyse the responses of the BC values of confluences calculated in the river network to salinity. Our results show that the major flow paths and critical confluences for saltwater intrusion in a deltaic river network can be represented by the least cost paths and the BC values of confluences, respectively. In addition, a significant positive correlation between the BC values of confluences and salinity is determined in the Pearl River Delta. Changes in the salinity can produce significant variation in the BC values of confluences. Therefore, freshwater can be diverted into these major flow paths and critical confluences to improve river network management under saltwater intrusion. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

热解石墨坩埚的应用

本文介绍本院研制的热解石墨坩埚的特性和应用情况。该坩埚具有纯度高、致密、耐高温、耐强酸强碱腐蚀、易洗涤等特点,已广泛应用于矿物、建材、玻璃等方面试样的前处理。与铂、银、镍、刚玉、石英等坩埚比较,具有引入杂质少成本低等优点。     

构造煤与原生结构煤的显微傅立叶红外光谱特征对比研究

通过对平顶山、郑州和南票三大矿区石炭二叠纪含煤岩系中高煤级烟煤和无烟煤的显微傅立叶红外光谱分析，探讨了原生结构煤与构造煤的有机大分子结构演化特征及其影响因素。结果表明，构造应力有利于煤中氢发生化学环境转移，使脂肪烃含量相对减少、稳定的芳香烃含量相对增加，促进煤大分子结构缩合度和有序度增加。     

贵州二叠纪与南华纪锰矿主要矿床地质特征对比及意义

贵州南华纪古天然气渗漏沉积型锰矿通过成矿理论和找矿预测方法的创新,近年来不断取得巨大的找矿成果,在国内外产生重要影响,已成为国内最重要的锰矿床类型。本文通过对贵州二叠纪锰矿与南华纪锰矿矿床地质特征的对比研究发现:二者在成矿构造背景、同沉积断层(控矿构造)、成矿物质来源、矿石与地球化学特征、锰矿成矿系统特征等方面十分相似,在结构构造特征、沥青球特征、盖帽白云岩和冷泉碳酸盐岩等方面也存在一些差别。在此基础上,贵州二叠纪锰矿通过借鉴和运用贵州南华纪古天然气渗漏沉积成矿理论和找矿预测方法,已在遵义锰矿国家整装勘查区取得重大进展。说明"内生外成"的古天然气渗漏沉积型锰矿成矿理论和找矿预测方法,在相似的成矿地质背景条件下,具有普适性和推广意义。     

N掺杂SnO2材料光电性质的第一性原理研究

采用全电势线性缀加平面波(full potential linearized augmented plane wave method,简记为FP-LAPW)方法,基于密度泛函理论第一性原理计算分析N掺杂SnO₂材料,研究了在N替代O原子和N替代Sn原子情况下的电子态密度、电荷密度分布以及光学性质.研究表明N掺杂替代Sn较之N掺杂替代O原子的带隙要宽,都宽于SnO₂的本征带隙,且两种情况下N分别处于负氧化态和正氧化态,其介电函数谱也与带隙对应发生蓝移,从理论上指出     

湖盆扇三角洲河口坝发育程度及粒度韵律特征:以滦平盆地桑园剖面下白垩统西瓜园组为例*

扇三角洲作为重要的油气储集场所,其成因单元类型及分布特征控制着油气的差异分布及采出效率。关于扇三角洲分流河道沉积特征已有共识,但河口坝沉积特征尤其是韵律特征尚存在争议。以滦平盆地桑园剖面下白垩统西瓜园组湖盆扇三角洲沉积体为例,通过人工实测及无人机观测相结合的方法,对河口坝沉积特征、尤其是韵律特征进行研究,利用水槽模拟实验阐明河口坝韵律特征的形成机理。结果表明,河口坝在整个剖面中占砂(砾)岩体的45.27%,分流河道和席状砂分别占53.42%和1.31%。河口坝在剖面上呈底平顶凸状,通常由多期增生体组成。当增生体主要由砂岩组成时,呈粒度反韵律特征; 而当增生体主要由砾岩组成时,呈粒度正韵律特征。河口坝整体韵律受控于增生体的垂向叠置样式,既可呈反韵律特征又可呈正韵律特征。当流量、沉积底形坡度等地质条件一定时,河口坝内部增生体韵律性主要受沉积物粒度控制。当沉积物粒度较细时,河口水流扩散模式为底床摩擦力主控,增生体呈现反韵律特征; 而当沉积物粒度较粗时,河口水流扩散模式为惯性力主控,河口坝增生体则呈现正韵律特征。     

非线性半参数模型最小二乘核估计的直接解法

基于非线性半参数模型最小二乘核估计,给出了其参数分量和非参数分量估计的构造式,导出了参数分量和非参数分量顾及二次项直接解法的计算公式。用实测数据进行计算,证明了对于非线性半参数模型最小二乘核估计,可采用顾及二次项的直接解法。