基于GIS的环渤海湾海岸带环境压力分析

本文从景观格局、海洋资源、植被资源三个角度,探讨了2000年至2013环渤海湾海岸带不透水面空间格局变化对环境压力的影响。研究结果发现:(1)2000年至2013年,不透水面斑块面积增加,斑块密度减少,呈现团聚状分布格局;(2)2000年至2013年,滩涂、0-5m海域和5-10m海域空间资源的损失量分别为464.32km2、151.76km2和12.81km2;(3)研究区内城市建成区的植被减少和不透水面扩张之间呈现明显的此消彼长趋势。     

PS-InSAR和SBAS-InSAR技术对昆明主城区地面沉降监测的对比分析

以昆明主城区为例,分别利用PS-InSAR和SBAS-InSAR技术对2014—2017年间29景升轨Sentinel-1A数据进行沉降监测,对比两种技术得到的沉降结果,进行剖面图分析与时序分析。结果表明,PS-InSAR和SBAS-InSAR技术监测结果具有一致性、相关性和可靠性。研究发现,昆明市沉降漏斗主要位于居民区、地铁、道路、高速公路以及滇池等区域,最大年沉降速率可达-39.580mm/a,累积沉降量达到85mm。研究表明,昆明主城区地面沉降主要由于近几年城市和轨道交通建设的飞跃发展,导致居民区和交通网络密集,地面载荷增加,地下隧道开挖与地下水开采等原因引起地面软土地层下沉。     

人工心肺机流量计的研制

本文介绍了如何应用单片微型计算机和光电传感器组成人工心肺机(或称体外循环机)流量计。该仪器对人工心肺机的泵的各种转速能够准确地采集,对不同的患者能够精确地计算出所需血液流量,从而定量地控制输送给病人的血液流量,以保证心脏手术顺利进行,改变了临床手术时手工计算的落后情况。流量计是一台新型的智能化仪表。     

利用小波分解重构提取高频GPS数据静态永久性变形

研究了利用小波分解重构提取高频GPS数据静态永久性变形的方法。通过对El Mayor-Cucapah地震和东日本大地震两次地震高频GPS数据的处理和分析表明,PPP模式处理的高频GPS数据能够获取和强震仪相近的短周期强运动位移信息,并且保留了静态永久性变形信息;利用小波分解重构可以高精度地估计高频GPS动态位移中的静态永久性变形,有效区分主震和余震造成的静态永久性变形以及震后蠕滑位移。     

测井曲线特征在贵州省兴达井田煤岩层对比中的应用

贵州兴达井田含煤9-17层,其中K1、K2、K3、K4四层煤较稳定,为主要可采煤层。依据钻孔资料,分析测井曲线形态与煤层顶底板以及上下标志层间的组合关系,对井田的煤岩层进行了对比。该井田K1煤层常分叉为K1上、K1下两个分层,其直接顶板高视电阻率异常,三叠系至K1煤层组间自上而下的缓坡状视电阻率曲线形态与自然伽马幅值相对较高的组合特征可作为二叠系含煤地层与三叠系地层划分依据;K2煤层位于龙潭组顶部,下距长兴组灰岩标志层10m左右,煤层本身高伽马异常;K3、K4煤层及其底板具较高的自然伽马特征。     

额仁淖尔地区钋法找矿效果

本文通过额仁淖尔地区钋异常晕分布形态、异常特征及其与铀矿化关系的探讨，指出半干旱草原荒漠区用快速、大面积土壤钋法区调成果，对盆地浅埋砂岩型铀矿成矿预测是有效果的。     

南京汤山膨润土矿地质特征,物化性质及矿床成因

通过对南京近郊汤山膨润土矿床的矿区地质、矿床地质特征的分析,阐明了该矿床的成因及其矿石的物化性能。综合研究表明,该矿床是以流纹岩及凝灰岩为成矿原岩,在特定的条件下,经热液蚀变改造而形成的矿床。此矿床之矿石属钙基膨润土,经适当选矿后可用于深加工。     

Generalized stress framework for unsaturated soil: demonstration and discussion

The long-lived debate on the principle of effective stress is rooted in the obscure physical significance of stresses. For the sakes of clarifying stress concepts and establishing a reasonable principle of effective stress, unsaturated soil is divided into six phases and the bearing structure of it, named generalized soil structure, is defined based on considering soil as a special structure. Then the essence of effective stress equation, named stress relation equation, is derived according to analysis of interphase interactions and independent-phase equilibrium. The stress relation equation indicates the corresponding relation between two series of stress variables used in mixed and multiphase continuum models, respectively. Furthermore, a reasonable concept of suction stress is redefined to describe interparticle connection properties. Then, a generalized stress framework is constructed by associating stress relation equation with suction stress. After demonstrating the concept of neutral stress, a generalized principle of effective stress is established and the total soil skeleton stress is searched out, which is the predominant stress controlling the strength and deformation of soil. Finally, the collapse phenomenon is analyzed and the time- and spatial-dependent stress frameworks are developed.

     

Geochemical characteristics of gossans related to siderite deposits in carbonate strata,western guizhou

Zonal distribution can be noticed in the gossans resulting from the weathering of siderite in carbonate strata, and this can be accounted for by zoning of subsurface waters. Since siderite is more insoluble than its hostrock, gossans are generally developed in the same place as siderite is exposed. Systematic variations in chemistry are recognizable from the ore body upwards to the surface. The gossans are high in Fe and Mn, but impoverished in S, P, Pb, Zn, Be, Cd, and Ag. This may serve as an indicator of distinguishing siderite gossans from sulphide ones in this region.