深圳市地质地理信息系统设计模型的设计与实现

针对目前流行的基于面向对象的设计理论与基于面向过程的工作流理论在地质地理信息系统实际开发工作当中存在的不足,提出基于面向对象技术与工作流理论一体化的地理信息系统设计过程模型的概念,在此基础上,从深圳市工程地质勘察业务的实际需求出发,在地理信息系统设计过程模型的基础上设计了深圳地质地理信息系统设计模型,并以深圳市地质地理信息系统为例,说明所阐述内容的价值和意义。     

Study on the urban heat island effects and its relationship with surface biophysical characteristics using MODIS imageries

This study assesses surface urban heat island (UHI) and its associated surface physical characteristics using remote sensing approaches. TERRA/MODIS images acquired in 2005 in three different seasons were selected to generate land surface tem-perature and surface characteristics for the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan metropolitan area in China. The intensity of urban heat is-land effects and its seasonal variations were examined. The result showed that UHI effects were significant both in the summer and the spri...     

高分辨率遥感影像并行分割结果缝合算法

采用基于数据并行的遥感影像分割实现过程,提出了一种新的数据缝合算法解决分割结果合并问题。分割效果对比和运算效率分析等实验结果表明,此算法保持了分割结果合并后的边界正确性,使并行化分割在提高运算效率的同时保证了分割结果的可信度。     

可量测影像序列的组合定位算法及其在1:50 000地图测绘中的应用

本文提出了基于CCD传感器获取的可量测影像序列的组合定位方法,并结合多传感器抗差自适应融合算法,给出了实用的组合定位滤波公式,利用该组合定位方法可以在已知前一时刻位置的基础上,利用当前的姿态和影像观测值计算出当前的位置。实际计算表明：① 该算法不需要存储大量的影像和计算控制点坐标,降低了存储和计算要求;②虽然单独使用可量测影像序列进行定位时存在误差积累,需要定时复位,单组合定位算法仍然可以有效提高组合定位的可靠性和精度。通过分析可以看出,利用该算法可以充分利用移动测量系统的现有设备和信息,提高系统的整体性能,因此,非常适合应用于移动测量系统中。     

石泉井水位异常与九寨沟7.0级地震关联性探讨

选取2014—2020年共计7年的石泉流体井水位整点值数据,结合小波分析方法及区域构造分析,研究石泉井水位长期异常变化的可能原因。结果表明,石泉水位异常活跃主要发生在2017年8月8日九寨沟地震之后,利用小波分析提取高频异常信息效果较好,九寨沟7.0级地震后的区域断裂活动加强或九寨沟地震造成的断裂周边含水层渗透性发生变化可能为导致石泉井水位长期异常的直接原因,未来月河断裂石泉段附近断层活动性值得进一步关注。     

Urban flood hazard mapping using a hydraulic–GIS combined model

Natural Hazards - Urban flooding is a reoccurring disaster, and its frequency and intensity are likely to increase in the future due to the increasing frequency of storm events. Up-to-date...     

装配式钢筋混凝土结构竖缝抗剪承载力研究及国内外规范的比较

分析比较了国内外建筑规范及专家学者提出的关于装配式钢筋混凝土结构竖向齿槽接缝的抗剪机理及抗剪承载力计算公式,指出各种计算公式的可取与不足之处,提出了符合我国国情的设计公式,从而加速我国建筑规范的发展,促进我国规范与国际规范的接轨。     

基于同位素技术的珲春盆地浅层地下水可更新能力研究

利用~3H的示踪作用对珲春盆地浅层地下水更新速率进行计算,为该地区制定地下水开发利用模式和水资源环境承载力研究提供科学依据。结果表明:总体上,珲春盆地大部分地区浅层地下水更新速率大于8%/a,可更新能力较强。珲春盆地东北部平安村、新华村、马新村和东部的红星村、电线村、东兴村等山前地区以及八一村、八二村等地浅层地下水更新速率大于10%/a,可更新能力较强;七户洞村、八棵树村、永丰村、立新村、新农村、柳亭村等地浅层地下水更新速率为8%/a~10%/a,可更新能力减弱;八家子村、西崴子村、孟岭村等珲春河下游地区浅层地下水更新速率小于8%/a,可更新能力最弱。更新速率为大于10%/a、8%/a~10%/a、小于8%/a的地下水分布面积占珲春盆地总面积的比例分别为67%、26%、7%。     

The role of salinity in fluvio-deltaic morphodynamics: A long-term modelling study

Salinity difference between terrestrial river discharge and oceanic tidal water plays a role in modifying the local flow field and, as a consequence, estuarine morphodynamics. Although widely recognized, recent numerical studies exploring the long-term morphological evolution of river-influenced estuaries with two-dimensional, depth-averaged models have mostly neglected salinity. Using a three-dimensional morphodynamic model, we aim to gain more insight into the effect of salinity on the morphodynamics of fluvio-deltaic systems. Model results indicate that the resultant estuarine morphology established after 600 years differs remarkably when a salinity gradient is included. A fan-shaped river-mouth delta exhibits less seaward expansion and is cut through by narrower channels when salinity is included. The inclusion of salinity tends to generate estuarine circulation, which favours landward sediment transport and hence limits the growth of the delta while enhancing the development of intertidal areas. The formation of deltaic channel–shoal patterns resulting from morphodynamic evolution tends to strengthen salinity stratification, which is characterized by an increased gradient Richardson number. The direction of the depth-averaged residual sediment transport over a tide may be opposite to the direction of residual velocity, indicating the significant influence of baroclinic effects on the net sediment transport direction (and hence morphological change). The effect of salinity on morphological evolution becomes less profound when the strength of tidal or fluvial forcing is dominant over the other. The effects of sediment type and flocculation, which are particularly important when salinity gradients are present, are also discussed. Overall, this study highlights that neglecting salinity to simulate long-term estuarine morphodynamics requires more careful justification, particularly when the environment is characterized by fine sediment types (favouring suspended transport), and relatively large river discharge and estuarine depth (favouring baroclinic effects). © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.