Deformation Mechanisms of Carrara Marble Under Increasing Temperatures from 300℃ to 550℃

IntroductionMarble has long been considered as an important material for modeling the deformation behaviorof crustal rocks, because such rocks can be ductillydeformed even at room temperature and pressure.Von Karman (1911 ) first studied the influence ofp…     

A nitrogen and phosphorus dynamic model of mesocosm pelagic ecosystem in the Jiaozhou Bay in China

A nitrogen and phosphorus dynamic model of mesocosm pelagic ecosystem was established according to the summary and synthesis of the models available, in which seven state variables （DIN, PO4-P, DON, DOP, phytoplankton, zooplankton and detritus） were included. Logically it had five modules--phytoplankton, zooplankton, dissolved inorganic nutrients, dissolved organic nutrients and detritus. The results showed that this model could simulate the variations of DIN, PO4-P, DON, DOP, POC and phytoplankton biomass in pelagic ecosystem in mesocosm properly, based on the site experiment data in the Jiaozhou Bay in the autumn of 1999 and the summer of 2000. Not only the logical structure but also the model parameters were feasible, and about 20 parameters were made to fit for the Jiaozhou Bay during the simulation. All of these are necessary to study the control mechanism of nutrients biogeochemical cycling in the Jiaozhou Bay and other China＇ s coastal waters.     

2018年南黄海浒苔绿潮发展规律及氮组分的作用探究

根据2018年南黄海漂浮态浒苔(Ulva prolifera)绿潮规模卫星监测数据以及春、夏季(4月和7月,绿潮前后)水文环境要素和氮营养盐等数据,对2018年绿潮发展规律及不同氮组分在其中的作用进行分析。结果表明:浒苔于4月25日在江苏南通近海首次发现,随后其向北漂移增殖扩展在6月29日达到最大规模,8月中旬消失。绿潮漂移区域集中在122°E以西近海并呈现两个明显的发展阶段:35°N以南江苏近海绿潮快速增殖阶段和35°N以北山东半岛外海域绿潮聚积衰退阶段。各氮营养盐组分受径流输入、冷水团以及生物活动等因素影响,呈现明显的区域和季节特征。不同绿潮阶段受氮营养盐影响不同,绿潮快速增殖阶段,丰富的氮营养盐(总溶解氮(TDN)>20 μmol/L和溶解无机氮(DIN)>20 μmol/L)是浒苔藻快速繁殖生长的物质基础,此阶段为整个绿潮发展提供了主要的氮支撑且以DIN为主要形态。绿潮聚积衰退阶段,较低的可利用氮(DIN<2 μmol/L和尿素(urea-N)<1.5 μmol/L)不利于浒苔藻持续繁殖生长,此阶段内有机氮(如urea-N)在绿潮后期的氮支撑中起到重要作用。     

夏季珠江口邻近海域表层浮游植物的碳叶绿素比值及其碳含量

Chlorophyll a(Chl a),particulate organic carbon(POC)and biogenic silica(BSi)were determined in coastal waters adjacent to the Zhujiang(Pearl)River Estuary(ZRE)during summer,in order to examine the C:Chl a ratio of phytoplankton and phytoplankton carbon in the plume-impacted coastal waters during summer,as well as to assess the relative contribution of diatoms to the phytoplankton biomass,by the regression between Chl a,POC and BSi.Our results showed that the C:Chl a ratio(g/g)of phytoplankton was high(up to 142),likely due to high light intensity and nutrient limitation.The river plume input stimulated phytoplankton growth,especially diatoms,resulting in higher relative contribution of phytoplankton carbon(55%)and diatoms(34%)to POC in the plume-impacted region than those(33%and 13%)in high salinity area,respectively.Phytoplankton carbon(up to 538μg/L)in the plume-impacted region was much higher than that(<166μg/L)in high salinity area.Our findings were helpful to improve the biogeochemical model in coastal waters adjacent to the ZRE.     

水下机器人标准体系框架构建探索

水下机器人作为一类特种机器人,日益成为探索海洋奥秘、开发海洋资源的重要工具,被称为海洋高技术的皇冠,正逐步成为国家间海洋技术竞争的制高点。水下机器人标准体系最直接的作用是指导、规范水下机器人标准制定工作,使人们清楚水下机器人标准化工作方向和重点,有助于推动水下机器人研发和产业化进程,促进快速、健康发展。文章在介绍国内外水下机器人标准制订的基础上,探讨水下机器人标准体系框架构建思路,提出标准体系建设路径,明确水下机器人标准化工作范围和领域,并构建了水下机器人标准体系序列结构、三维结构、层次结构3种框架模型,为构建我国水下机器人标准体系提供了有价值的参考。     

国产自动化磁通门经纬仪研制

通过激光准直机构、无磁二维旋转机构、二维旋转控制与角度测定等装置的设计,并通过磁通门传感器配置、数据采集与总控装置设计和地磁场偏角与倾角自动算法的研究与实现,构建自动化地磁倾角与偏角自动测量系统原理样机。通过原理样机的实验验证和误差分析,取得地磁绝对观测系统关键技术,为地磁自动化绝对观测系统研制提供技术支撑,突破目前人工观测的限制,为地磁无人值守台站观测模式的发展提供有力保障。     

洱海富营养化时间演变特征(1988-2013年)及社会经济驱动分析

基于1988-2013年的洱海流域社会经济统计数据与湖内水质历史监测数据,分析了社会经济指标和富营养化指标的逐年变化趋势,并借助Change-point Analyzer对指标进行了拐点分析.结果显示：过去25年洱海水体呈明显富营养化趋势,主要富营养化指标均出现过1次恶化拐点,总磷出现时间最早（1996年）,其次是高锰酸盐指数（1999年）,总氮、叶绿素a、透明度和综合营养状态指数则集中在2002-2003年期间出现拐点,叶绿素a浓度上升10余倍,透明度相应下降了近50%.流域主要社会经济指标出现了2~3次增长拐点,首次拐点集中出现在1994-1999年期间,明显早于富营养化指标恶化拐点出现时间.多元回归分析显示洱海总磷浓度受流域农作物种植业发展影响最大,其他水质指标则主要受流域畜牧业的影响.     

黄东海海区表观光学特性和固有光学特性春季模式研究

在海洋光学研究领域中,表观光学特性和固有光学特性是两大主要研究内容。通过2003年黄东海试验获取的表观光学参数中的水下遥感反射率rrx(λ)、固有光学参数中的后向散射系数bb(λ)和水体吸收系数α(λ),建立了区域性、季节性的表观光学特性和固有光学特性之间的经验模式,并对模式进行了误差分析和改进。     

A Newly Discovered Oil-bearing Mesoproterozoic Erathem within the Niu D1 Well,Liaoxi Depression,Yanliao Faulted Depression Zone,NE China

正Objective The Yanshan Fold Belt is located within the northern margin of the North China platform and contains welldeveloped and widespread Neoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic sedimentary units with a total thickness of up to 9000 m.Previous studies identified many oil seedlings as well as asphalt and ancient hydrocarbon reservoirs in Northern Hebei depression and western Liaoning depression.This research indicates that the Mesoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic sedimentary units are ideally suited for the formation of significant oil and gas resources.The Niu D1 well was drilled by the China Geological Survey (CGS) in the Niuyingzi area and intercepted oil immersions and oil-and gas-bearing units     

A buried submarine canyon in the northwest South China Sea:architecture,development processes and implications for hydrocarbon exploration

High-resolution multichannel seismic data enables the discovery of a previous, undocumented submarine canyon(Huaguang Canyon) in the Qiongdongnan Basin, northwest South China Sea. The Huaguang Canyon with a NW orientation is 140 km in length, and 2.5 km to 5 km in width in its upper reach and 4.6 km to 9.5 km in width in its lower reach. The head of the Huaguang Canyon is close to the Xisha carbonate platform and its tail is adjacent to the central canyon. This buried submarine canyon is formed by gravity flows from the Xisha carbonate platform when the sea level dropped in the early stage of the late Miocene(～10.5 Ma). The internal architecture of the Huaguang Canyon is mainly characterized by high amplitude reflections, indicating that this ancient submarine canyon was filled with coarse-grained sediments. The sediment was principally scourced from the Xisha carbonate platform. In contrast to other buried large-scale submarine canyons(central canyon and Zhongjian Canyon) in the Qiongdongnan Basin, the Huaguang Canyon displays later formation time, smaller width and length, and single sediment supply. The coarse-grained deposits within Huaguang Canyon provide a good environment for reserving oil and gas, and the muddy fillings in Huaguang Canyon have been identified as regional caps. Therefore, Huaguang Canyon is potential area for future hydrocarbon exploration in the northwest South China Sea. Our results may contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of submarine canyons formed in carbonate environment.