Prediction of Load Carrying Capacity of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Beam

A novel method for prediction of the load carrying capacity of a corroded reinforced concrete beam (CRCB) is presented in the paper. Nine reinforced concrete beams, which had been working in an aggressive environment for more than 10 years, were tested in the laboratory. Comprehensive tests, including flexural test, strength test for corroded concrete and rusty rebar, and pullout test for bond strength between concrete and rebar, were condueted. The flexural test results of CRCBs reveal that the distribution of surface cracks on the beams shows a fractal behavior. The relationship between the fractal dimensions and mechanical properties of CRCBs is then studied. A prediction model based on artificial neural network (ANN) is established by the use of the fractal dimension as the corrosion index, together with the basic intbrmation of the beam. The validity of the prediction model is demonstrated through the experimental data, and satisfactory resuits are achieved.     

Spatial and temporal variability of heat content above the thermocline in the tropical Pacific Ocean

Abstract-Heat content of the upper layer above the 20℃ isotherm in the tropical Pacific Ocean isestimated by using the sea temperature data set with a resolution 2°latitude×5°longitude (1980～1993)for the water depths (every 10 m) from 0 m to 400 m, and its temporal and spatial variabilities are an-alyzed. (1) The temporal variability indicates that the total heat in the upper layer of the equatorial Pa-cific Ocean is charcterized by the interannual variability. The time series of the equatorial heat anomaly5 months lead that of the El Nino index at the best positive lag correlation between the two, and theformer 13 months lag behind the latter at their best negative lag correlation. Therefore the equatorialheat content can be used as a better predictor than the El Nino index for a warm or cold event. In addi-tion, it is also found that less heat anomaly in the equator corresponds to the stronger warm events inthe period (1980～1993) and much more heat was accumulated in the 4 years including 1992/1     

细菌、病毒与浮游植物相互关系及其对海洋地球化学循环的作用

本文综述了近年来国内外在海洋地球化学循环，特别是微生物环研究方面的发展现状，探讨了浮游植物，细菌，病毒相互之间的关系及其对海洋地球化学循环的影响。     

聚类分析法在浅海水团分析中的应用及黄、东海变性水团的分析

本文引入变性水团概念,用聚类分析确定黄、东海浅海海域变性水团的边界及其变化。根据给定的标准进行聚类,确定了水团的个数、边界及混合区。 由聚类方法所得结果看出,在该海区中有八个变性水团。根据温、盐相对指标,将这些水团分为九种不同的特征。也可以把这些水团划分为三种盐度类型。在温—盐点聚图上,不同变性水团的温盐点,分布于一条曲线附近,它体现出逐级变性的特点。各变性水团的变化范围都很大,这说明该海区中水团变性强烈。在暖季中的增温降盐和冷季中的降温增盐,可认为是整个黄海和东海水体变性的特征。所有季节性水团都经历一个形成与消亡的过程。 文中讨论了变性水团和海洋环境的相互关系。水团变性是热力因素和动力因素共同作用而产生的。通过变性水团的分析,作者认为,在该海区水团的变性中,热力因素起着主要作用。变性水团界线的舌状分布与流向之间的关系是很明显的,可作为分析环流的旁证。最后描述了变性水团和底层中心渔场之间的关系。     

化学物质对硬壳蛤幼虫变态的诱导

用KCl、肾上腺素（EPI）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、L—DOPA和GABA（γ-氨基丁酸）进行了不同浓度不同处理时间对硬壳蛤（Mercenaria mercenaria L ）幼虫变态诱导实验。结果表明，KCl、肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和DDOPA对硬壳蛤幼虫的变态均有诱导作用，而GABA的诱导作用不显著。KCl的最佳诱导浓度随处理时间不同而有所不同。处理时间为1～24，48，72h时KCl的最佳诱导浓度分别为33．56，20．13～26．85，13．42mmol／L。肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素的诱导作用与浓度和处理时间均有关。肾上腺素的最佳处理浓度为100μmol／L，最佳处理时间均为8h，此时幼虫变态率提高最大，为36．97个百分点。当去甲肾上腺素的诱导浓度为100μmol／L，处理时间为8～16h时，幼虫变态率提高也较大，均大于18个百分点，死亡率增加，但均低于30个百分点，当去甲肾上腺素诱导浓度为500μmol／L时，虽然在8～16h的处理时间范围内，幼虫变态提高率也较大，均大于18个百分点，但当处理时间超过8h，在16～48h范围内，幼虫死亡率提高明显增大，均大于50个百分点。L-DOPA的适宜诱导浓度为10～50μmol／L，适宜处理时间为8～24h，此时幼虫变态率均提高30个百分点以上，最高可提高79．43个百分点。GABA的诱导作用较弱，最佳诱导浓度随处理时间的不同而有所不同，处理时间为24h和48h时，最佳诱导浓度为0．1μmol／L；处理时间为0．5～16h时，最佳诱导浓度为100μmol／L。     

Major variability modes and wind patterns over the Sea of Japan and adjacent areas

The expansion of wind fields observed at fixed times (four times daily) in complex empirical orthogonal functions is performed for the Japan Sea area (34°–53° N, 127°–143° E). The wind fields are taken from the 1998–2004 NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis data with better spatial resolution (1° × 1°) than the standard product, which are publicly available on the Internet. Major modes of wind variability in the Japan Sea area are identified. The modes determine a general direction of air-mass transport throughout a year, zonal and meridional modulation, and a cyclonic and an anticyclonic eddy component. Objective classification of wind fields with respect to the prevailing flow direction is performed, and wind stress and wind-curl patterns are obtained for major events in the cold and warm periods of the year. The pattern obtained can be used in hydrodynamic numerical models of the general circulation of the Japan Sea.     

低分子量肝素的制备及其结构与活性差异(英文)

低分子肝素作为一种抗血栓的多糖药物在临床中已应用了二十多年 ,目前已作为外科预防血栓形成药物 ,并在治疗急性静脉栓塞紊乱方面取代了未分级肝素。因肝素的来源和制备的方法不同使低分子肝素的精细结构不同 ,低分子肝素结构的复杂性 ,使得各产品的生物活性 ,例如抗蛋白酶活性不同 ,从而导致其临床使用的标准不同。该文将对低分子肝素的制备方法及其结构和抗蛋白酶活性的差异进行报导     

无公害刺参稳产健康养殖新技术

本文针对目前刺参养殖中存在的问题,简单明了叙述刺参无公害健康养殖一系列新技术和新方法,对推动海参养殖业持续、稳定、健康发展,起到积极作用和效果。     

耳鲍(Haliotis asinina)核糖体小亚基(18S rRNA)编码基因的克隆与序列分析

采用分子生物学的方法,对南海不同海区的两个地理群体耳鲍(Haliotis asinina)18S rRNA基因全长进行了克隆和序列分析,并将耳鲍18S rRNA基因的序列与NCBI数据库中已收录鲍的18SrRNA基因进行了比较。结果发现,南海耳鲍核糖体18S rRNA基因与耳鲍H.asinina isolate H11核糖体18S rRNA基因序列的相同率高达98%;同一地理群体内耳鲍核糖体18S rRNA基因序列完全一致;不同地理群体间耳鲍核糖体18S rRNA基因在碱基组成上的相似率为99%,仅在某些位点处发生了碱基替换,即腺嘌呤(T)被鸟嘌呤(G)替换;同时,将这两个不同群体中耳鲍的18S rRNA基因与泰国耳鲍18S rRNA基因序列进行比较分析发现,它们之间也只是发生了碱基替换。     

刀额新对虾染色体核型及细胞核DNA含量

以刀额新对虾胚胎、无节幼体、卵巢、精巢等为材料 ,空气干燥法制备染色体 ,并初步进行核型分析。结果表明 ,刀额新对虾的染色体数目为 2n=78,n =39,核型为 2n=78=40M 1 0SM 1 4ST 1 4T。以刀额新对虾血淋巴、卵巢、肌肉、鳃为材料 ,以鸡血细胞为DNA标准 (2 50pg/ 2c) ,使用PartecCCAⅡ型流式细胞仪测定了刀额新对虾细胞的基因组DNA含量 ,其值为鸡血细胞的 1 75倍 ,绝对含量为 4 375pg/ 2c。