遥感蚀变信息定量提取方法在成矿预测中的应用——以西昆仑塔什库尔干地区为例

以遥感技术为手段、ETM影像为基础数据,解译了西昆仑塔什库尔干地区主要线、环构造,划分出北西、近南北和近东西向3组主要线性断裂.利用比值和主成分分析等方法,通过异常下限值圈定的数学模型定量提取了铁化、泥化和硅化蚀变信息.综合分析地质、矿产、地球化学及物、化探异常等资料,结合遥感构造解译和蚀变信息,优选了2个Ⅰ类找矿靶区...     

Experimental investigations on the influence of cyclical freezing and thawing on physical and mechanical properties of saline soil

Uniaxial compressive strength experiments were performed on saline loess different water and salt contents, and multiple freeze/thaw cycles at room temperature. The experiments revealed changes to the stress–strain curve and the failure mode of the saline loess. The results indicated that soil strength is intensified or weakened during freezing and thawing due to the injection of sodium sulfate solute. Cyclical freezing and thawing is a process to get a new dynamic equilibrium, and under these experimental conditions, six freeze–thaw cycles are need for loess with sodium sulfate to reach a new dynamic equilibrium.     

北欧海的锋面分布特征及其季节变化

利用多年月平均格点数据分析了北欧海主要锋面的分布特征和季节变化规律,并讨论了月平均数据分析锋面适合使用的方法。月平均数据显示的锋面出现间断或多重的现象是锋面侧向摆动造成的,这是月平均数据的一大特点。北欧海各锋面主要水文和季节变化特征差异很大。东格陵兰极地锋在夏季锋面强度大,锋面较连续完整,而冬季强度小,锋面结构零散。9月由于东格陵兰寒流势力最强,可观察到温度梯度较大且连续的东格陵兰锋。北极锋的季节变化在水平方向呈＂哑铃型＂分布,中段摆动较南北两端小。由于挪威海流在冬季出现的最大流量引起挪威海流的流幅在该处加宽,莫恩海脊锋冬季向西北移动,对前人文章中基本上没有季节性移动的说法进行了修正和补充。冰岛—法罗群岛锋随深度增加向南移动,锋面强度增强,这是溢流造成的。     

东油田北坡馆陶组河流相砂岩沉积微相研究

本文以济阳坳陷埕东油田北坡馆陶组河流相砂岩为例,详细阐述了河流相砂体的沉积微相研究方法,将研究区内的河流相砂体划分为曲流河、网状河和辫状河三种沉积相,并进一步划分为七类主要的沉积微相。通过单井剖面和井间剖面对比分析,结合地震资料的精细解释,编制了研究区内不同砂层组沉积时期沉积微相平面展布图。     

Microscopic Fracture Processes in a Granite

Summary The deformation of a competent, brittle, granitic rock is thought to have two main components: elastic and brittle deformation, the latter caused by axial microcracking. Dynamic fatigue testing of Lac du Bonnet granite would, however, suggest the presence of a third mechanism, compaction. Compaction is not the same as elastic crack closure; compaction entails permanent damage along grain boundaries that are under high compression. During compaction, the axial stiffness (elastic modulus) of the rock increases and the permanent crack volume becomes negative (compression). Compaction is active at all stress levels, but it is most noticeable at low stress where its presence is not masked by dilation caused by axial microcracking.     

关于中国煤层瓦斯区域分布的几点认识

据１９９４￣１９９６年连续３年的统计,全国煤矿瓦斯灾害伤亡人数占煤矿伤亡总人数的４０％以上,瓦斯涌出规律、瓦斯涌出量预测、瓦斯突出预测仍是煤矿安全技术的难题,在加强对瓦斯灾害综合治理的同时,把瓦斯作为煤层气资源积极进行开发利用,是当前的研究方向,瓦斯区域分布规律研究可以概括为建立在煤层瓦斯生成条件、保存条件基础上的高斯赋存量,高瓦斯涌出量,低瓦斯赋存量,低瓦斯涌出量区域分布规律研究;建立在高瓦斯赋     

福建温泉的特点及其热源,成因的探讨

主要介绍了福建温泉的水温,水量,水质,水热异常区大小,空间分布以及产出的地质,地貌的特点,对福建温泉的主要热源观点进行讨论,并对福建温泉的热源,成因和温泉的构造意义提出了初步的想法。     

Age of the Ust’-Gilyui sequence in the Stanovoi Complex of the Selenga-Stanovoi Superterrain, Central Asian fold belt

According to the results of U-Pb geochronological investigations, the age of the amphibolite protoliths (metabasalts) in the Ust??-Gilyui sequence within the Stanovoi Complex of the Amazar-Gilyui structural and formational zone in the Selenga-Stanovoi Superterrain of the Central Asian fold belt can be estimated at 193 ± 1 Ma. The Nd model age of the Ust??-Gilyui metasedimentary rocks is in the interval of t _Nd(DM) = 1.1?C3.1 Ga. This information along with the previously obtained geochronological data are indicative of the fact that the Ust??-Gilyui sequence consists of metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks of various ages: (1) volcanic rocks with the age of 193 ± 1 Ma; (2) metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks broken through by the Paleozoic granitoids dated to 370 Ma and characterized by minimum estimations of t _Nd(DM) = 1.1 Ga, i.e., rocks with an age of 1.1?C0.4 Ga. In addition, it is quite possible that this sequence also includes more ancient rocks. The SSS Amazar-Gilyui structural and formational zone is likely to be a tectonic mélange composed of the metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks of the Mesozoic and, probably, Paleozoic and Early Precambrian ages. The studied zone was formed in the Mesozoic, most likely, in the course of the collision processes initiated by the closing up of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.     

Composition, P-T parameters, and metasomatic transformations of mafic schists of the Svyatoi Nos Peninsula, Eastern Baikal Area

The paper reports data on rock and mineral compositions from the Svyatonosskaya Formation, which is a continuation of the Ol’khon Series in the northern part of the Svyatoi Nos Peninsula, eastern shore of Lake Baikal. The pyroxene-amphibole-plagioclase schists (metagabbro) are replaced there by the garnet-biotite-quartz assemblage, which was formed, according to the data of various geothermometers and calculations by the THERMOCALC computer program, under conditions corresponding to the transition from the granulite (848–811°C) to high grades of the amphibolite (715–670°C) facies under high pressures (8.7 ±1.6 kbar). In petrogenetic grids, these conditions fall onto the line of the onset of eclogitization. In nature these rocks are a continuation of the Chernorudskaya-Barakchinskaya zone of elevated pressures in the Ol’khon area. The metasomatic rocks were formed simultaneously with strike-slip faulting, when coupled zones of relatively high-(eclogite-like) and low-pressure (quartzite-marble melange) developed at the inflow of SiO₂ and K₂O and the removal of MgO and CaO. Analogous compositional changes in gneisses and schists in tectonic extension zones in Ol’khon Island and neighboring areas occurred during the development of migmatites. The migmatization of the gneisses was likely coupled with the garnetization of mafic schists in high-pressure zones and the formation of eclogite-like rocks replacing marbles. The accompanying graphitization of this block suggests that the metasomatic fluid had a hydrocarbon-hydrogen composition.