Detection and segmentation of loess landslides via satellite images: a two-phase framework

Landslides - Landslides are catastrophic natural hazards that often lead to loss of life, property damage, and economic disruption. Image-based landslide investigations are crucial for determining...     

渭河源区典型小流域水沙演变规律分析

根据渭河源区清源河典型小流域实测水文资料,分析了流域水文要素的年内和年际变化规律,流域降水、径流和泥沙主要集中在汛期,5-9月降水量占全年的78.5%,5-10月径流占全年的78.7%,5-8月输沙量占全年的88.9%。受上游修建水库、水土保持等人类活动的影响,流域汛期径流和泥沙1997-2013年比1980-1996年均减少了5.9%。流域面平均降水量、平均流量、平均输沙量年际变化不稳定,总体呈减少趋势,序列最大可能变异点分别为1995年、1994年和1997年。建立了流域年降水量与年径流深、次降水量P+Pa与次径流深相关模型,相关系数达到0.902和0.860。以年最大洪峰流量为参数,分别建立了流域年径流量与年输沙量、次径流量与次输沙量关系模型,相关系数达到0.835和0.917,公式模拟值与实测值接近,误差较小,可以作为以径流推算泥沙的重要依据。通过定性定量分析人类活动对流域径流、泥沙的影响程度,对区域抗旱防洪减灾、水资源管理、小流域治理及生态环境保护具有重要意义。     

辽宁省1∶100万地震构造图编制与分析

《辽宁省1∶100万数字地震构造图》以ArcGIS为平台,以《1∶400万中国地震构造图》和《辽宁省1∶50万地质图》为底图,结合近年来1∶25万、1∶20万、1∶5万地质调查新成果和城市活断层探测等有关资料,采用新方法、新规范(GB/T36072-2018、DB/T73-2018、GB/T 985-2015)[1-3...     

基于模糊综合评判法的辽宁省老旧砌体房屋震害预测

对辽宁省老旧砌体房屋现状及抗震能力进行分析,基于模糊综合评价法计算分析得到地震易损性矩阵,根据辽宁省地震震害实例对预测结果进行了验证和分析。结果表明:①辽宁省农村民居中的砌体结构总数量占房屋总数量比例超过95%,2000年以前所建房屋总数量占比76%。②由预测结果可知,辽宁省老旧砌体房屋在Ⅵ,Ⅶ,Ⅷ,Ⅸ度烈度下产生严重及以上破坏等级的房屋数量占比分别为6.5%,17.0%,53.5%,65.9%。③震害实例验证结果表明预测结果与实际震害结果之间差异性较小。     

Validation of NCEP and OAFlux air-sea heat fluxes using observations from a Black Pearl wave glider

Latent and sensible heat fluxes based on observations from a Black Pearl wave glider were estimated along the main stream of the Kuroshio Current from the East China Sea to the east coast of Japan, from December 2018 to January 2019. It is found that the data obtained by the wave glider were comparable to the sea surface temperature data from the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis and the wind field data from WindSat. The Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment 3.0 (COARE 3.0) algorithm was used to calculate the change in air-sea turbulent heat flux along the Kuroshio. The averaged latent heat flux (LHF) and sensible heat flux (SHF) were 235 W/m2 and 134 W/m2, respectively, and the values in the Kuroshio were significant larger than those in the East China Sea. The LHF and SHF obtained from Objectively Analyzed Air-Sea Fluxes for the Global Oceans (OAFlux) were closer to those measured by the wave glider than those obtained from National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis products. The maximum deviation occurred in the East China Sea and the recirculation zone of the Kuroshio (deviation of SHF >200 W/m2; deviation of LHF >400 W/m2). This indicates that the NCEP and OAFlux products have large biases in areas with complex circulation. The wave glider has great potential to observe air-sea heat fluxes with a complex circulation structure.     

Accuracy assessment of GDEM,SRTM, and DLR-SRTM in Northeastern China

This paper compares the accuracy of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM), Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) C-band and German Aerospace Centre (DLR)-SRTM X-band digital elevation models (DEMs) with the Ziyuan 3 (ZY-3) stereoscopic DEM and ground control points (GCPs). To date, the horizontal error of these DEMs has received little attention in accuracy assessments. Using the ZY-3 DEM as reference, this study examines (1) the horizontal offset between the three DEMs and the reference DEM using the normalised cross-correlation method, (2) the vertical accuracy of those DEMs using kinematic GPS data and (3) the relationship between the three DEMs and the reference ZY-3 DEM. The results show that the SRTM and DLR-SRTM have greater vertical accuracy after applying horizontal offset correction, whereas the vertical accuracy of the ASTER GDEM is less than the other two DEMs. These methods and results can be useful for researchers who use DEMs for various applications.     

无人机组网遥感数据体系建设评介

无人机组网遥感数据是指在无人机组网条件下获取的遥感观测数据。随着无人机组网系统的复杂化,获取的遥感数据呈几何量级增长,迫切需要一种与无人机组网技术相匹配的标准化无人机组网遥感数据管理体系。遗憾的是,迄今为止,国内外还没有完善的无人机组网遥感数据体系,也没有相关文献系统地介绍无人机组网遥感数据体系的发展历程。论文依次对无人机组网遥感数据的发展历史、数据特点、数据界定和分类标准、获取和处理流程、不同场景下的应用进行了系统的梳理,指出了无人机组网遥感数据体系未来的研究方向。研究成果是无人机组网遥感数据体系研究的一次探索,将为无人机组网条件下相关行业标准的制定提供参考依据,也为无人机组网遥感数据的深层次应用提供借鉴。     

福建龙永煤田顶峰山井田童子岩组沉积环境及其演化

运用沉积学、古生物地层学、层序地层学等方法对福建龙永煤田童子岩组地层及其内主要煤层的沉积特征进行了详细的研究。结果表明童子岩组是一套海陆交互相的沉积,其沉积序列共分为三个沉积旋回,每个旋回都是以海侵开始,以海退结束,每一旋回缓慢海退背景都是由一系列的次级快速海进或海退事件构成。由于不断受到海陆两方面的影响,形成童子岩组中煤层的泥炭沼泽发育呈现出波动式特征,由此导致泥炭沼泽类型呈跳跃式演化,构成了包括碎屑滨岸、障壁岛—潟湖、泥炭坪、潮坪、潮汐三角洲和河控三角洲等沉积相在内的复杂沉积体系。