多情景视角下基于空间组合识别的农村居民点布局优化研究——以江苏省新沂市为例

快速城镇化时期,探索农村居民点空间布局优化方案,有利于挖掘土地资源利用潜力,加快落实乡村振兴实践.本文以江苏省新沂市农村居民点为例,“自下而上”地从地理区位、村庄特征、生态本底和资源禀赋4个方面进行优化适宜性评价;基于一定耕作腹地范围内的空间竞合关系,对不同耕作半径下的优化适宜性评价结果进行二次迭代修正;并“自上而下”...     

柴达木盆地西部地区地温-地压系统演化及其与油气成藏的关系

综合考虑时间和埋深对孔隙演化的影响,采用孔隙度双元函数模型对柴达木盆地西部地区(以下简称柴西地区)的地层古埋深、古压力进行了恢复,并结合其它研究成果再现了该区两个主要成藏期的地温—地压系统,分析了地温、地压及温压系统的演化特征。将流体势分析与地温—地压研究相结合,分别从定性、半定量到定量,从剖面到平面并从不同的角度分析了地下流体动力场及其对油气运聚成藏的控制作用,探讨了柴西地区油气成藏的特点和规律。发现柴西地区在主要成藏期(中新世中期和上新世末期)都发育高压型复式温压系统,其中,上新世末期的温压系统油气垂向运聚能力较强。在温压系统平面分区内,油气藏基本位于能量相对较低的分区内,高能区也有油气藏分布,但都是封闭及保存条件好的岩性或古构造等原生油气藏。同时论证并提出柴西地区未探明储量主要位于深部高压型温压系统内,深层油气藏勘探应是该区今后重要的勘探领域。     

Formation of an anticyclonic eddy and the mechanism involved: a case study using cruise data from the northern South China Sea

Data from satellite altimetry and in situ observations together with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model(HYCOM)reanalysis data were used to investigate the mechanism and formation of an anticyclonic eddy in the northeastern South China Sea(SCS).Analysis of water mass using cruise data indicated that the water captured in the eddy differs from those in the SCS,the Kuroshio intrusion,and the eddy-forming region.Data from sea surface height(SSH)and sea level anomaly(SLA)indicate that the eddy formed due both to the Kuroshio intrusion and the local circulation in the SCS.The Kuroshio intrusion is present at the start of the eddy growth(March 5-9)before Kuroshio leaps the Luzon Strait.The eddy then becomes larger and stronger in the absence of the Kuroshio intrusion.From the eddy budget of the HYCOM reanalysis data,the formation of the eddy goes in three steps.By the third step,the eddy had become affected by variations of local SCS circulation,which is more strongly than in the first step in which it is affected more by the Kuroshio intrusion.The variability of the temperature and salinity inside the eddy provide a support to this conclusion.The water in the SCS intruded into the eddy from the southeast,which decrease the salinity gradually in the southern part of the eddy during the growth period.     

Formation of an anticyclonic eddy and the mechanism involved: a case study using cruise data from the northern South China Sea

Data from satellite altimetry and in situ observations together with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) reanalysis data were used to investigate the mechanism and formation of an anticyclonic eddy in the northeastern South China Sea (SCS). Analysis of water mass using cruise data indicated that the water captured in the eddy diff ers from those in the SCS, the Kuroshio intrusion, and the eddy-forming region. Data from sea surface height (SSH) and sea level anomaly (SLA) indicate that the eddy formed due both to the Kuroshio intrusion and the local circulation in the SCS. The Kuroshio intrusion is present at the start of the eddy growth (March 5-9) before Kuroshio leaps the Luzon Strait. The eddy then becomes larger and stronger in the absence of the Kuroshio intrusion. From the eddy budget of the HYCOM reanalysis data, the formation of the eddy goes in three steps. By the third step, the eddy had become aff ected by variations of local SCS circulation, which is more strongly than in the fi rst step in which it is aff ected more by the Kuroshio intrusion. The variability of the temperature and salinity inside the eddy provide a support to this conclusion. The water in the SCS intruded into the eddy from the southeast, which decrease the salinity gradually in the southern part of the eddy during the growth period.     

上海地区高温过程中局地气候区尺度城市热岛特征分析

本文以超大城市上海为研究对象,选取2017年7月为夏季代表月,利用自动气象站网观测得到的逐小时气温和风速数据,基于局地气候分区方法分析了上海市各局地气候区(Local Climate Zone,LCZ)在不同天气条件下的气温和城市热岛强度(Urban Heat Island Intensity,UHII)时空特征及其成因。结果表明:由于城市几何形态、建筑材料、表面不透水面占比以及人类活动的不同,上海市夏季典型月各LCZ的气温和UHII表现出明显差异,在高温日,UHII日变化曲线可以分为"W "型、浅" U"型、"V"型、日间型和平稳型这五类。城市建筑形态对城市风、热环境具有较为复杂的影响,UHII与天空可视因子(Sky View Factor,SVF)的相关系数在00时(北京时,下同)为负,而在12、16时为正,这是由于建筑物对城市冠层内的辐射传输的影响和建筑物的热量储存导致的;城乡风速之比与SVF在00、12和16时都为正相关,说明了高大密集的建筑物对风速有衰减作用,同时风速通过影响大气的平流输送进一步影响UHII。     

SHRIMP U-Pb Dating of Zircons of a Dark Eclogite and aGarnet-bearing Gneissic Granitic Rock from Bixiling, EasternDabie Area, Anhui Province: Isotope Chronological Evidenceof Neoproterozoic UHP Metamorphism

The paper reports SHRIMP U-Pb zircon data of a dark eclogite and a post-eclogite garnet-bearing gneissic granitic rock from the Bixiling area, Yuexi County, Anhui Province, in the eastern Dabie Mountains. The eclogite, which is metamorphosed basic tuff, contains very scarce zircons in omphacite or garnet, but more zircons in quartz. They usually exhibit a double-layered texture, as shown clearly in cathodoluminescence images. Their inner main parts give a 206Pb/238U age of 757±7 Ma, representing the approximate age of the high-pressure (HP)- ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic event during which the eclogite was formed. The outer peripheral parts of the zircons, which have been modified by late-stage fluids, give an age of 223±3 Ma. The granitic rock contains more zircons of anatectic origin found mostly in feldspar and quartz and usually also showing a similar composite texture. The inner main parts of the anatectic zircons with oscillatory zoning give a 206Pb/238U age of 727±15 Ma for the approxim     

市域空间发展类型区划分的方法探讨 ——-以江苏省仪征市为例

市域空间发展类型区划分是新时期我国从空间管治角度落实科学发展观的重要举措。 这一工作一方面是我国既有区划工作的延续,另一方面又隐含着重大的方法论创新的内在需 求,即需要由原来的基于均质区域背景的区划论升格为基于均质区域与功能区域并重的新的区划论。为此,我们专门开发了适合于空间发展类型区划分的信息系统(SPIS),以解决不同类型因子的空间赋值以及分值迭加问题,尤其是侧重解决不同等级、不同形态的服务设施, 基于路网结构的不同类型、不同方式、不同半径的空间扩散的技术实现问题,在此基础上首次提出了空间发展类型区划分的指标判别法和指标迭加法,并以仪征为例进行了空间发展类型区划分的有效尝试。由于以自己开发的专用软件为定量分析工具,故整个区划过程公开透明,提供了从原始资料的收集、整理、分析、系统处理、多方案比较的动态分析过程,从而为空间发展类型区划分的科学性、规范性,以及有深度的定量分析提供了方法论角度的探索。     

柴达木盆地欧南凹陷上石炭统克鲁克组海陆过渡型烃源岩有机质组成及生烃特征

柴达木盆地北缘东段欧南凹陷上石炭统克鲁克组海陆交互混积型储层中获得良好油气发现,但该层段内烃源岩海陆混合型生物有机质组分及类型、生烃差异性等基础性问题的认识尚不清楚。选择尕海南山南坡柏树沟剖面克鲁克组烃源岩开展有机地球化学、XRD、岩石薄片、SEM等分析测试,研究了岩性及组分、丰度质量及类型、可溶有机质族组分及生烃母质等,结果表明：克鲁克组烃源岩残余有机质丰度总体较高,原始生烃能力强,处于高成熟演化阶段,残留腐殖型(Ⅲ型)为主的干酪根,可溶有机质主要来源于海洋低等水生生物有机质母质(Ⅱ型),反映出海陆两相混源生物有机质的特征,海相有机质在前次生烃过程中对生烃量的贡献相对高于陆源生物。大量放射虫等浮游硅质生物是克鲁克组烃源岩海相有机质的主要组分,是海相干酪根的主力生烃物质;晚石炭世,欧南凹陷南部古陆和北部海槽分别向凹陷提供陆相高等植物和海洋低等水生生物或富硅上升流,海相有机质的富集与硅质生物活动直接相关。该研究认识为探索石炭系有机质富集机制和优质烃源岩分布规律提供了参考依据,也对区域性油气勘探部署具有指导意义。     

黔西北下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气成藏条件与有利勘探区预测

以野外露头调查、老井复查和岩心样品测试等为基础,通过现场解吸实验和等温吸附模拟的含气性分析,认为黔西北下寒武统牛蹄塘组岩性主要为深水陆棚黑色碳质页岩和浅水陆棚粉砂质页岩,其中富有机质页岩段为牛蹄塘组底部的碳质页岩。页岩沉积厚度大(大于39m)、分布稳定。有机质类型主要为Ⅰ型干酪根,有机碳含量较高(富有机质页岩段平均大于5%),有机质热演化程度处于高—过成熟阶段;页岩储层中微裂缝、微孔隙发育,具较好的孔隙度(平均5.14%)和渗透率(0.011 4×10-3μm2),含气量大(平均1.3 m3/t),具有良好的气资源潜力。预测金沙—息烽以及仁怀两个地区为页岩气勘探有利区。     

基于卡尔曼滤波的船舶轨迹异常行为快速检测方法

基于全球船舶自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System,AIS)数据的船舶轨迹异常行为快速检测对于保障船舶航行安全、辅助安全监管具有重要意义.AIS数据具有容量大、更新频率快的特点,而当前AIS轨迹异常行为检测方法依赖于大量的训练样本与历史数据,实用性与普适性较差,难以用于船舶轨迹异常行为快速检测.为此,本文定义了船舶追踪、航速、航向、位置4种异常行为检测模型,提出了一种基于卡尔曼滤波的船舶AIS轨迹异常行为检测方法,实现了船舶AIS轨迹的异常行为快速检测与报警.实验选取经过我国东海部分地区3天的AIS数据,对实验结果的正确性与耗时进行分析,结果表明模型可以满足异常即时发现、即时处理的应用需求.