金川矿区深部高应力矿床开采关键技术研究与发展

金川矿区是我国唯一一座大型有色矿产资源生产基地。该矿体埋藏深、地应力高和围岩破碎所固有的不利条件,使得矿床在开采过程中面临极大困难。随着开采的延深,开采面积扩大,采场地压显现日趋剧烈,揭示和研究深埋、大面积采场的地压显现规律以及控制技术,是该类难采矿床安全、高效开采的关键。金川矿区自建矿30多年来,开展了大量的地压规律与控制技术的研究,积累了丰富的工程经验,解决了生产中的难题,使得矿山一期工程得以顺利实施。然而,随着二期工程的进展,尤其多中段开采水平矿柱日趋变薄的开采条件下,采场地压活动极为剧烈,巷道变形难以控制,并潜在着采场突变失稳的风险。本文在总结国内外难采矿床采场地压规律和控制技术研究的基础上,深入论述了金川1#矿体开采存在的问题、潜在的风险以及需要解决的关键技术难题。并明确了数值分析、现场监测与工程经验集于一体的动态反馈系统工程方法,是解决复杂采矿工程的必由之路。     

不同水汽条件下气溶胶对雷暴云电过程影响的数值模拟研究

为全面了解水汽在气溶胶影响雷暴云电过程中的作用,本研究在已有的二维雷暴云起、放电模式基础上,通过改变相对湿度和气溶胶初始浓度(文中气溶胶浓度均指气溶胶数浓度)进行敏感性数值模拟试验.结果表明:(1)随着气溶胶浓度升高,雷暴云产生更多的小云滴,降水过程受到抑制.而当水汽含量升高时,云滴数浓度的增长速度更快,雨滴数浓度升高...     

湖南锡田钨锡多金属矿床流体包裹体显微测温和LA-ICP-MS原位分析对成矿流体演化的制约

为了解锡田钨锡多金属矿床的成矿流体演化过程和成矿元素迁移机制,深入揭示成矿机制,指导该地区的下一步找矿勘探工作,对黑钨矿、锡石及透明矿物的流体包裹体进行了岩相学观察、红外显微测温及LA-ICP-MS原位分析.显示锡田钨锡多金属矿床绿柱石、黑钨矿中发育流体-熔体包裹体,均一温度最高可达760℃.早成矿阶段流体均一温度为3...     

Numerical Simulation to Evaluate the Effects of Upward Lightning Discharges on Thunderstorm Electrical Parameters

A theoretical discussion of the discharge effects of upward lightning simulated with a fine-resolution 2D thunderstorm model is performed in this paper,and the results reveal that the estimates of the total induced charge on the upward lightning discharge channels range from 0.67 to 118.8 C,and the average value is 19.0 C,while the ratio of the induced charge on the leader channels to the total opposite-polarity charge in the discharge region ranges from 5.9%to 47.3%,with an average value of 14.7%.Moreover,the average value of the space electrostatic energy consumed by upward lightning is 1.06×10^9 J.The above values are lower than those related to intracloud lightning discharges.The density of the deposited opposite-polarity charge is comparable in magnitude to that of the preexisting charge in the discharge area,and the deposition of these opposite-polarity charges rapidly destroys the original space potential well in the discharge area and greatly reduces the space electric field strength.In addition,these opposite-polarity charges are redistributed with the development of thunderstorms.The space charge redistribution caused by lightning discharges partly accounts for the complexity of the charge structures in a thunderstorm,and the complexity gradually decreases with the charge neutralization process.     

DIETARY PHOSPHORUS REQUIREMENT OF YOUNG ABALONE, HALIOTIS DISCUS HANNAI INO

An experiment was performed to determine the dietary phosphorus requirement of the young abalone,Haliotis discus hannai. Five semi-purified diets were formulated to provide a series of graded levels of dietary total phosphorus (0.23%–1.98) from monobasic potassium phosphate (KH2P04). The brown alga,Laminaria japonica, was used as a control diet. Similar size abalone were distributed in a single-pass, flow-through system using a completely randomized design with six treatments and three replicates each treatment. The abalone were hand-fed to satiation with appropriate diets in excess, once daily at 17:00. The feeding trial was run for 120-d. Survival rate and soft-body to shell ratio (SB/S) were constantly maintained regardless of dietary treatment. However, the weight gain rate (WGR), daily increment in shell length (DISL), muscle RNA to DNA ratio (RNA/DNA), carcass levels of lipid and protein, soft-body alkaline phosphatase (SBAKP), and phosphorus concentrations of whole body (WB) and soft body (SB) were significantly (ANOVA, P<0.05) affected by the dietary phosphorus level. The dietary phosphorus requirements of the abalone were evaluated from the WGR, DISL, and RNA/DNA ratio respectively, by using second-order polynomial regression analysis. Based on these criteria, about 1.0%–1.2% total dietary phosphorus, i.e. 0.9%–1.1% dietary available phosphorus is recommended for the maximum growth of the abalone. Project 39670572 supported by the NSFC.     

我国土壤中结合态硒的含量和分布规律

本文提出并建立了Jackson法系统分离土壤中不同形态硒的实验程序,研究了我国几种土壤表层(0—20cm)中硒的结合形态及其地理分布规律,并对植物可利用性作了评价。     

Photometry of the contact binary system V471 Cas

UBV photoelectric observations of the W UMa-type binary V471 Cas were made from September to November 1984. Its colour indices were found to be(B-V)=0 _. ^m 771±0 _. ^m 02 and(U-B)=0 _. ^m 196±0 _. ^m 02. TheU, B, andV light curves of V471 Cas show some photometric fluctuations. We found that its orbital period is not 0.335998 days which was given by GCVS (1986), but 0.405356 days.Photometric orbital elements of V471 Cas were found using the Wilson-Devinney method. V471 Cas is a contact system, in which the overcontact factor is 0.19, its mass ratio of two components is 0.5947, and orbital minclination is in 83.29 degrees.     

强磁场下中子星外壳的组分和状态方程

本文计算和讨论了强磁场下由冷的催化物质组成的中子星外壳的组份和状态方程。文中考虑了晶格能和强磁场下均匀电子气体的交换能的贡献.得出结论:(1)强磁场使低密度区的状态方程变软;(2)强磁场对高密度区的状态方程几乎没有影响;(3)核质量公式对外壳的组份影响较明显.     

我国流动SLR首次取得观测成果

介绍了流动SLR系统TROS建成后在北京，乌鲁木齐，拉萨3个站的观测情况。这是流动卫星光测距系统在我国首次正式运行，开创了SLR流动观测的先例，实现了我国SLR领域多年来的愿望。对乌鲁木齐和世界屋脊城市拉萨观测的实现有其重要意义，引起国内外广泛关注。对TROS的建站和观测等问题进行了讨论，给出了观测结果。     

冈比亚河沿岸重矿物特征及其地质意义

冈比亚河沿岸重矿物以钛铁矿、金红石、锆石为其特征，并伴有自然金、铅族、铜族等矿物。它们主要来源于古老的变质岩区。冈比亚境内有望找到钛铁矿、金红石、锆石砂矿。酉部地区的滨海钛铁矿砂矿带，具有一定的工业价值。砂金异常主要分布在冈比亚东部地区，其重矿物来源于第四纪早期的一套冲─洪积砾砂层。