浙江长兴煤山二叠—三叠系界线系列剖面侧向追索研究

在浙江长兴煤山二叠—三叠系界线地层研究中，人们通常将该区侧向出露宽约１ｋｍ的界线地层分解成７个相互平行、独立的小剖面进行各种地质研究。这不仅导致了研究资料的分散，而且引起了关于候选层型剖面位置的不必要的争议。沿露头剖面的野外追索观察和分析表明，露头区界线地层完全可以精确地追索，各种沉积记录的侧向变化是十分轻微的。已有的地层学研究也表明，各区段（小剖面）的沉积记录具有相同或相似的结果。当某些化石在一处采获后，在另一些小剖面上也肯定能找到，只要工作足够细致和深入。因此我们认为，应该将这些侧向上连续分布的采石场露头作为一个剖面来对待。这样亦符合国际地层委员会方针和章程中关于界线层型剖面露头完整性的要求。     

A simple mathematical model for soil nail and soil interaction analysis

Soil nails have been widely used to stabilize slopes and earth retaining structures in many countries and regions, especially, in Hong Kong. The analysis of the interaction between a soil nail and the surrounding soil is of great interests to both design engineers and researchers. In this paper, authors present a simple mathematical model for the interaction analysis of a soil nail and the surrounding soil considering a few key factors which are soil dilation, bending of the soil nail, vertical pressure, and non-linear subgrade reaction stiffness. The lateral subgrade reaction between the soil and the soil nail is assumed to obey a hyperbolic relation. Reported test data in the literature are used to verify the present model. The contributions of the soil-nail bending on the pull-out resistance are evaluated in two case studies.     

Comparison of the effects of short-term UVB radiation exposure on phytoplankton photosynthesis in the temperate Changjiang and subtropical Zhujiang estuaries of China

We examined the effect of solar ultraviolet radiation B (UVB, 280–315 nm) on photosynthesis of natural phytoplankton assemblages in the temperate Changjiang River Estuary (CRE) in the East China Sea (ECS), and the subtropical Zhujiang River Estuary (ZRE) in the South China Sea (SCS) from August 2002 to April 2003. The short-term effect of UVB was assessed by exposing samples in quartz tubes/bottles to solar radiation under three treatments: (1) natural sunlight (NS) with UVB (NS-UVB); (2) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, NS cut off UVB); and (3) NS with additional artificial UVB (NS + A-UVB). Solar UVB apparently inhibited phytoplankton photosynthesis rates. In the temperate CRE-ECS, solar UVB reduced surface phytoplankton photosynthesis by about 28% in August and February, while in the subtropical ZRE-SCS the inhibition was only 22% in September and October. In the CRE-ECS, phytoplankton in the stratified water column displayed stronger UVB inhibition when deeper water samples were exposed to surface UVB. Phytoplankton in the mixed water column did not show strong UVB inhibition, while light shift exposure of deeper phytoplankton in the same water column to surface light produced similar results, indicating that mixing moderates UVB effects. In the ZRE-SCS, surface phytoplankton showed greater photoinhibition in January (sunny). However, in April (cloudy), phytoplankton showed little UVB inhibition. Incubation for a short time without UVB showed a large increase in Chl a at two stations in the ZRE-SCS, but a large decrease at the other station in the presence of UVB. In contrast, in the CRE-ECS, a similar incubation experiment without UVB showed a decrease in Chl a, and small UVB inhibition of Chl a at two stations. Nutrient conditions might have played a role in the difference of UVB inhibition between the two regions as the ZRESCS had relatively high concentrations of all nutrients while PO₄ was only 0.21 μM at one of the CRE-ECS stations. The results suggest that phytoplankton in temperate waters would be more responsive to variation of UVB than ones in subtropical waters.     

海事地理信息系统建设

介绍了海事地理信息系统(MGIS)的建设背景、技术架构、技术特点和功能;着重分析了技术架构中的体系结构、结构内容、子系统设计、数据层次、数据处理流程的特点;对于系统的几个技术特点作了描述;指出地理信息系统功能的发挥需要各专题数据的接入才能释放。     

南海北部陆缘古双峰-笔架碰撞造山带空间展布特征

为了解南海北部陆缘古双峰-笔架碰撞造山带空间延伸范围、褶皱和断裂构造发育特征,通过对研究区22条多道反射地震剖面资料的地层-构造解释,结合钻井岩石地层资料的综合解释,运用构造解析分析法、筛选法以及回剥法对位于南海北部陆缘的古双峰-笔架碰撞造山带的构造几何学基本特征进行了研究。综合分析筛除了新生代构造沉降量后的新生代地层底界面(反射地震Tg界面)的空间起伏形态特征和前新生代地层变形特征发现,古双峰-笔架碰撞造山带呈NEE向展布,其核部位于珠江口盆地东南部的陆洋过渡带下陆坡位置,即06号测线所在位置及其附近,琼东南盆地为造山带的NWW翼。此研究结果可为南海地区前新生代晚期大地构造格局重建、南海成因机制研究提供构造事实观测依据。     

尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)不同月龄性状的主成分与判别分析

采用主成分与判别分析的方法,研究尼罗罗非鱼形态性状的增长规律,并判定其最佳生长季节体格与月龄的关系。选择2—5月龄尼罗罗非鱼各100尾,测量体长、头长、躯干长、体高、尾柄长、尾柄高、体宽和体重共8个性状,并对其进行主成分与判别分析。主成分分析结果表明:尼罗罗非鱼各月龄的体型特征参数间均有不同程度的正相关(P<0.05),体重与体长、体高的相关性最显著;不同月龄尼罗罗非鱼性状的主成分有所不同,主成分1:2—5月龄均相同为增重因子;主成分2:2—4月龄均为尾柄因子,而5月龄是躯干因子;主成分3:2月龄是头部因子,3—4月龄是躯干因子,5月龄是尾柄因子。通过建立判别式来判断错过最佳生长季节尼罗罗非鱼的体格与大小相符的月龄,判别结果表明,总的判别准确率为99.25%,其中2—4月龄尼罗罗非鱼的判别准确率为100%。     

考虑液-固耦合的大型超高压换流变压器地震响应研究

针对大型超高压换流变压器的地震响应问题,以一超高压±800kV换流变压器为研究对象,考虑其本体中油与箱壁的相互作用建立三维有限元分析模型,采用LS-DYNA分析换流变压器的自振特性、地震作用下的动力响应规律以及换流变压器的薄弱部位。研究结果显示,对于大型超高压换流变压器,本体中油与箱壁的相互作用对结构动力响应有一定的放大作用,进行自振特性和地震响应分析时应考虑;套管体系的薄弱部位为套管的底部和中间部位,在这两个位置拉应力和压应力最大值交替出现;换流变套管体系在地震作用下的位移较大,套管顶部的导线应设置足够大的伸缩距离。     

WEBGIS技术在地震前兆台网中的应用

使用WEBGIS技术,结合地震前兆台网的实际情况,设计完成地震前兆台网的GIS展示工具.该工具以互联网为媒介,使用地理空间数据库存储的全国台站数据,对全国范围内的物理场分布在网络客户端进行发布,方便地震前兆台网用户获取数据,同时丰富地震前兆数据的展示方式.     

南京基准地震台与中国地震台网测定体波震级对比分析

以中国地震台网测定的综合体波震级为标准震级,采用正交回归方法,得到南京测震台（NJ2）体波震级与标准体波震级之间的关系式,并对震级偏差与震级大小、震中方位和震中距关系进行偏差分析,为台站分析人员提供指导.     

离散Fréchet距离在强震台站场地分类中的应用

当强震台站场地资料不完整时,所收集到的强震数据因缺乏准确的场地类别信息而难以有效利用。为解决这一问题,本文提出一种基于离散Fréchet距离的强震台站场地分类方法。将获取到的664个KiK-net台站场地按照《建筑抗震设计规范（GB 50011—2010）》进行分类,并构建2个数据集。利用数据集1得到Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类场地标准谱比曲线,并结合离散Fréchet距离对数据集2中的台站进行场地分类,统计分类成功率与误判率。统计结果表明,本文方法能较准确地对场地进行分类,且误判率在可接受范围内。将本文方法分类统计结果与斯皮尔曼秩相关系数法分类的成功率与误判率进行对比,结合本文方法分类后得到的平均谱比曲线,均可表明应用本文方法进行强震台站场地分类具有合理性。