分散元素铟富集的矿床类型和矿物专属性

文章研究了我国一些铁锰矿床、铜矿床及铅锌硫化物矿床矿石及矿物中铟的含量变化特点 ,发现In在不同类型的铅、锌、铜、铁、锰等矿床中并不大量富集 ,在这些矿床中矿石平均wIn大都低于 10× 10 -6;在锡石硫化物矿床和富含锡的铅锌多金属矿床中 ,矿石中wIn平均可达 80× 10 -6以上 ,这类矿床中铟的工业储量可达数百吨甚至数千吨 ,80 %以上的铟都富集在闪锌矿中。研究结果表明 ,铟的富集成矿具有矿床类型和矿物专属性 ,这种专属性对铟资源的寻找与利用具有重要意义     

辽西早白垩世火山岩喷发期次及同位素年代学研究

辽西彰武—黑山地区位于阜新—义县盆地以东,除第四系表土大面积覆盖外,露头区内最常见的就是火山岩系。而火山岩层位、喷发期次和时代的确定对辽西化石层、找煤、构造及沉积演化的研究都有着重要意义。本次工作是在系统收集了辽西地区中生代火山岩年龄的基础上,对阜新—义县盆地和彰武—黑山地区采集的11件火山岩样品进行了SHRIMP U-Pb同位素分析;系统收集了辽西地区中生代火山岩年龄,结合新测得的数据提出辽西地区的白垩世的火山活动分五次,活动时间分别为132±1Ma、126±1Ma、122±2Ma、115±2Ma和100±5Ma。基于统计学结果认为引起辽西地区乃至东北地区地壳减薄的起止年龄为132±1Ma至115±2Ma。     

湘西沃溪金锑钨矿床矿化蚀变带有机质特征初探

本文以矿床地质特征为基础,对赋矿围岩的有机质特征进行了初步探讨。在热液作用下,岩石中的Au⁺、Au³⁺等组分被有机质还原,有机质转变为二氧化碳。未蚀变岩石、钨矿化蚀变岩石和金锑矿化蚀变岩石的有机质热解色谱谱形、有机质热解参数、有机质成熟度等都有一定差别。未蚀变岩石的热解烃呈一次突发式释放,有机质的最高热解温度、产率指数、降解潜率和烃指数较低,有机质的成熟度最低(位于未成熟区)。钨矿化蚀变岩石的热解烃呈两次缓慢式释放,有机二氧化碳含量较高,有机质类型指数较低,有机质的成熟度较高(位于油区)。金锑矿化蚀变岩石的热解烃呈一次缓慢式释放,有机质的最高热解温度、可溶烃量、产率指数、有效碳、降解潜率和烃指数都较高,有机质成熟度最高(位于气区)。     

低孔渗储层井周油藏侵入模拟及阵列感应电阻率校正方法

泥浆滤液侵入渗透性地层会改变井周地层流体的原始分布状态,使井周地层电阻率发生变化、储集层电测井响应失真。本文基于油水两相渗流理论和水对流扩散理论,应用数值模拟方法构建地层模型,研究低渗储层泥浆侵入过程中井周地层矿化度、含水饱和度、电阻率变化特征及井周油藏分布特征。对不同渗透率地层泥浆侵入的数值模拟结果表明:在低渗透储层,相同侵入时间内,随着地层渗透率的增加,泥浆侵入深度增加,且同一侵入深度的含油饱和度减小;随着侵入时间的增加,井周地层水矿化度、含水饱和度和地层电阻率的侵入剖面前缘均发生明显的变化。结合3口井的泥浆侵入数值模拟分析,发现阵列感应测井响应特征及其电阻率的幅度差异受泥浆侵入时间和侵入深度影响。不同流体性质层段的井周油藏动态演化规律模拟结果表明,井周油藏的变化情况与储层流体性质有明显关系。利用实例井侵入模拟结果与阵列感应测井响应的相关性,构建了侵入深度的计算公式;根据侵入阶跃剖面,利用几何因子理论构建了原始地层电阻率计算公式,用以辅助储层电阻率校正。正确认识井周地层泥浆侵入特征及井周油藏的分布情况有助于提高阵列感应测井评价储层的准确性。     

Societal Responsibility and Development Trends of Global Soil Studies and the Provisions for China: Lessons from the Status of the 《World’s Soil Resources Report》

2015 is the International Year of Soil (IYS) adopted by the 378th Congress of the United Nations. The Status of the World’s Soil Resources was released by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, which was the policy report about the status of the world soil resources for the first time. The universal values of the global community were strengthened by the challenges for the global society from the risk and safety of the change of soil quality, functions, services and soil health. One third of the world soil resources were suffering serious degradation, which could affect the food security in the future, regional development and local conflicts in the report. The major task of the global monitoring, regulation and management of the world soil resources and the social responsibility of supporting the sustainable soil management by education, research and technology development were highlighted. The social responsibility and global development trends of soil science and management strategies were discussed by the keywords, the distribution of contributing authors and the citation of the references, as well as the main contents of the report. The keywords distribution of the report showed that the focus of the soil research included the change of soil quality, processes, functions and services induced by the natural driving forces, human’s activity and soil degradation, as well as the hotspots covered soil carbon/nitrogen-water-biological pool and distribution related with the biogeochemistry, global climate change and ecosystem functions and human health. The number and structure of the cited papers showed that the integration research based on the mega-data analysis were the prominent development trend of the soil science. The geographic distribution of all the contributing authors showed that dominant discourse of the global soil science were grasped by the developed countries including Europe and the United States, China had just limited effects on the global soil science. It is urgent to promote China’s soil science research and the services for global society.     

湘西沃溪金锑钨矿床黄铁矿矿物学研究

本结合矿床地质背景，从时间空间分布，晶体形态，化学成分（包括主成分，微量元素，元素对比值，元素组合等）晶胞参数，热电性，反射光谱等方面对黄铁矿进行比较详细的研究，确定了本矿床黄铁矿在上述诸方面的标型特征，为指导找矿勘探提供了重要的理论依据。     

甘肃礼县李坝大型金矿床成矿地质特征及成因

文章以成矿地质条件、矿床地质特征为基础，通过Ar—Ar年龄测定、稳定同位素测试和地层含金性分析等，研究了李坝金矿床的成因。研究表明，李坝金矿床与中川花岗岩在时间、空间和成因上关系密切。含金石英脉Ar—Ar法、Rb-Sr法和Pb—Pb法年龄为210～171．6Ma，与中川岩体年龄(177～229Ma)吻合。包裹体水的δD-74‰～-83‰，δ^18O水9．51‰～11．72‰，成矿流体水为岩浆水和大气降水的混合水。花岗岩提供了部分成矿物质来源，含矿热液通过F1导矿构造进入F3、F12等容矿断裂破碎带沉淀成矿。     

Validation of an elastoplastic model for chalk

A new elastoplastic model for porous rocks (chalk) has been developed [1]. It is based on the concept of two plastic deformation mechanisms[2]. In this paper, we present the validation of this model for both homogenous tests and a typical boundary condition problem, hollow cylinder test. Comparisons between experimental results and predictions by the model are presented for each test. Influences of parameter perturbations on numerical simulation are also studied.     

辽东半岛印支期动力变质带

辽东半岛旅顺、金县、庄河、岫岩一带的中、上元古界和古生界部分地层遭受了低级—很低级的变质作用,构成了一个总体呈北东向展布的狭长变质带。该变质带与区内印支期北东向构造关系密切,并与印支期花岗岩侵入活动有内在联系,即印支期构造岩浆岩带控制了变质作用的发生与分布。变质作用类型以区域性动力变质作用为主,局部地段受岩浆活动的影响,显示了区域动热力变质作用的特点。据此,可以认为,辽东半岛区域动力变质带是经受以强烈抬升运动形式为主的印支运动的产物。