大庆长垣西缘断裂浅部构造特征

大庆石油物探资料结果表明,大庆长垣西缘断裂的上盘,即东侧的北西向断裂可能存在第四纪活动断裂。为了确定大庆长垣西缘断裂的空间展布以及该区的地壳浅部地质构造特征,本项研究布设了2条跨大庆长垣西缘断裂的浅层地震探测剖面。结果表明,大庆长垣西缘断裂表现为走向北东、倾向南东的逆断层,为一条中生代晚期活动断裂。断裂的上盘,即东侧发育有一系列次级断裂,断裂的断层性质以及断层倾向多样化,两条测线东部均发育错断第四纪地层的断层,使得该区浅部地层形成地堑与地垒构造。本项研究不仅可进一步提高对大庆长垣地区浅部构造特征的认识,而且为大庆市地震危险性评价提供依据。     

古里雅冰帽8米浅冰芯的化学成分组成特征及其来源

对古里雅冰帽８ｍ浅冰芯的８０个雪冰样品化学分析结果表明，化学成分主要来自陆源物质，陆源冰芯样品叶弱碱性，明显不同于一般的大气降水及南北极冰雪样品。     

低扩散系数对Pd77 Cu6 Si17合金易非晶化的影响

采用激光熔凝技术,研究了Pd₇₇Cu₆Si₁₇合金快速凝固组织的演变规律.研究表明:随着生长速度的增大,Pd₇₇Cu₆Si₁₇合金晶体生长组织形貌发生了Pd₃Si枝晶+共晶-ξ枝晶+共晶-共晶团簇-规则共晶-非晶的转变;共晶失稳即非晶形成的临界生长速度为6 mm/s,最小层片间距为35 nm.通过与Al-25 wt%Sm,Al-32.7 w     

几种环境因子对虾蟹类非特异性免疫的影响

综述了近10a国内外有关重金属、氨态氮、亚硝酸盐、有机污染物等几种环境因子对虾蟹类非特异性免疫影响的研究成果,以期为通过改善养殖环境条件提高虾蟹类自身免疫抗病力提供理论依据.同时,为进一步深入开展该领域的研究工作积累资料.     

辽宁省海洋经济系统协调发展研究

通过构建海洋经济系统协调发展评价指标体系,采用模糊数学中隶属度函数模型,分析了辽宁省海洋经济系统发展水平及其协调发展度.结果表明:1999-2010年期间,辽宁省海洋经济、社会综合发展水平逐年递增,而资源环境综合发展水平值波动较大;1999-2003年,辽宁省海洋经济系统协调性处于失调状态,2004年之后大体处于协调发展状态,且协调等级逐步提升.     

JpGraph绘图类库在地震数据展示中的应用

天津市地震局在进行地震观测数据可视化发布工作中,采用PHP语言及JpGraph类库实现了前兆类观测数据在WEB页面中的图形化展示,扩展了PHP语言在行业数据发布与展示系统中的应用,本文主要阐述JpGraph类库的应用及在使用中遇到的问题.     

Climate change and global cycling of persistent organic pollutants: A critical review

Climate warming, one of the main features of global change, has exerted indelible impacts on the environment, among which the impact on the transport and fate of pollutants has aroused widespread concern. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are a class of pollutants that are transported worldwide. Determining the impact of climate warming on the global cycling of POPs is important for understanding POP cycling processes and formulating relevant environmental policies. In this review, the main research findings in this field over the past ten years are summarized and the effects of climate warming on emissions, transport, storage, degradation and toxicity of POPs are reviewed. This review also summarizes the primary POP fate models and their application. Additionally, research gaps and future research directions are identified and suggested. Under the influence of climate change, global cycling of POPs mainly shows the following responses. (1) Global warming directly promotes the secondary emission of POPs; for example, temperature rise will cause POPs to be re-released from soils and oceans, and melting glaciers and permafrost can re-release POPs into freshwater ecosystems. (2) Global extreme weather events, such as droughts and floods, result in the redistribution of POPs through intense soil erosion. (3) The changes in atmospheric circulation and ocean currents have significantly influenced the global transport of POPs. (4) Climate warming has altered marine biological productivity, which has changed the POP storage capacity of the ocean. (5) Aquatic and terrestrial food-chain structures have undergone significant changes, which could lead to amplification of POP toxicity in ecosystems. (6) Overall, warming accelerates the POP volatilization process and increases the amount of POPs in the environment, although global warming facilitates their degradation at the same time. (7) Various models have predicted the future environmental behaviors of POPs. These models are used to assist governments in comprehensively considering the impact of global warming on the environmental fate of POPs and therefore controlling POPs effectively. Future studies should focus on the synergistic effects of global changes on the cycling of POPs. Additionally, the interactions among global carbon cycling, water cycling and POP cycling will be a new research direction for better understanding the adaptation of ecosystems to climate change.     

老滑坡路段路堑开挖与超前支护效果

为防止老滑坡路段路堑开挖过程中出现路堑边坡失稳的问题,以在建某高速公路老滑坡段路堑失稳边坡为例,借助数值分析,进行了老滑坡路段路堑开挖与超前支护效果研究。结果表明：1）一般宽平台开挖模式能提高边坡的整体稳定性;然而,对于存在具有膨胀性质滑带土的牵引式老滑坡,坡脚采用宽平台刷坡减重不利于路堑边坡的稳定,必须要采取超前支护,如锚索、抗滑桩等,必要时要紧急采取清方卸载措施。2）锚索超前支护能够有效抑制边坡变形,需采用有效措施提高设置在坡脚处锚索的抗拉强度,如施加预应力等。3）抗滑桩超前支护应注意桩位、桩长、桩距的优化设计。建议抗滑桩采用锚拉,对桩前坡体中的滑带进行超前注浆,有必要沿老滑坡主滑方向布置多排抗滑桩,或采用h型桩体设计。     

兰州—天水地区三维重力反演及其地质解释

本文利用重力资料对兰州—天水地区的深部构造进行了研究。在计算中,采用Parker-Oldenbarg三维位场反演方法,反演前对重力资料进行了地形改正和中新生代沉积层校正。根据反演结果,综合分析了有关资料,认为该区为青藏块体过渡带,并且提出了陇中盆地为断块型构造盆地的新认识。