Oncolites of the Lower Permian ChuanshanFormation in South China and Their Geologicaland Economic Significance

A large amount of oncolites popularly named " Chuanshan balls" occur universally in the Lower Permian Chuanshan Formation in South China. These kinds of oncolites have the following characteristics: wide distribution, huge quantities, large sedimentary thickness and similar characters, which constitute a specific " fashion fades" in geological history. The authors consider that these kinds of oncolites were due to the intense differentiation of the global climate at that time, which resulted in a universal descent of the sea level and breeding of a large amount of algae in sea water over low-latitude areas. According to the distribution and characteristics of the oncolitic, relative relationships between different tectonic blocks may be inferred, diagenetic strength indicated and diagenetic history recovered, and more important, oncolites serve as a favourable reservoir rock, so their study is of great theoretical and economic significance.     

Pressure-Temperature Contours and PT Paths of the Early Precambrian Rocks through the Yinshan Area and Their Implication to the Crustal Evolution

Four distinct lithe-tectonic belts (zones) in the Yinshan area, North China, were identified by pressure-temperature contours and litho-tectonic features, such as the Sanggan granulite belt, Jining metasedimentary belt. Wulashan-Daqingshan front tectonic zone and Se' eratengshan belt. This area witnessed two important thermo-tectonic events. The older one is c. 2.5 Ga while the younger one c. 1.9 Ga. The Se' ertengshan Neoarchaean terrane features a clockwise PT path with the decompression ranging from > 1500 MPa to 800-1000 MPa in the Se' ertengshan belt, which implies an island arc setting. The Sanggan belt is a Mesoarchaean microcontinent reworked by Neoarchaean magma underplating, which shows an counterclockwise PT path. During the Palaeoproterozoic period, two Archaean continent (arc) collided. The Archaean basement of the Sanggan and Wulashan-Daqingshan belts overthrust northwards, the PTt paths of basement show a decompression from 1000-1200 MPa to 500-700 MPa. The PT paths of the Jining and Erda     

EnKF Assimilation of Satellite-retrieved Cloud Water Path to Improve Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Forecast

Tropical cyclone (TC) rainfall forecast has remained a challenge. To create initial conditions with high quality for simulation, the present study implemented a data assimilation scheme based on the EnKF method to ingest the satellite-retrieved cloud water path ( C w ) and tested it in WRF. The scheme uses the vertical integration of forecasted cloud water content to transform control variables to the observation space, and creates the correlations between C w and control variables in the flow-dependent background error covariance based on all the ensemble members, so that the observed cloud information can affect the background temperature and humidity. For two typhoons in 2018 (Yagi and Rumiba), assimilating C w significantly increases the simulated rainfalls and TC intensities. In terms of the average equitable threat score of daily moderate to heavy rainfall (5?120 mm), the improvements are over 130%, and the dry biases are cut by about 30%. Such improvements are traced down to the fact that C w assimilation increases the moisture content, especially that further away from the TC center, which provides more precipitable water for the rainfall,strengthens the TC and broadens the TC size via latent heat release and internal wind field adjustment.     

巷道围岩中瞬变电磁场三维数值模拟

为了进一步研究井中瞬变电磁法的问题, 建立了巷道和异常体模型, 用推导出的扩散方程的七点差分格式对磁偶极源激发的瞬变场进行了数值模拟。观察到 "烟圈"场在低阻体处早期等值线发生明显畸变, 随着时间的增加影响逐渐减弱;而巷道处的畸变较弱, 持续时间长。根据多个测点计算得到的数据, 绘制了磁场和和磁场对时间导数的等值线断面图, 显示等值线向低阻体处聚集畸变;而磁场对时间导数等值线的畸变可持续较长时间。     

矿井直流电法三维正演计算的若干问题

介绍了用于矿井直流电法三维正演模拟不同数值计算方法的特点及其适用范围,提出了用对数等间距和算术等间距相结合的网格剖分方式,说明了电极互换原理所满足的地质条件。针对合成系数矩阵为非对角占优的特点,采用了大数处理方法,使其线性方程组适用于现有的求解方法。最后通过对具体问题的探讨,阐述了地质模型的计算精度和计算时间之间的相互关系,为模型参数的选择提供了一定的理论基础。     

辽东湾JZ20—2海域海冰参数的概率分布

基于辽东湾JZ2 0 2海域 1996 2 0 0 0年 4个冬季的海冰定点观测资料和海冰数值模拟结果 ,对该海域的平整冰厚、冰速、冰向和压缩强度等海冰参数进行了概率分析 ,确定了各自的分布参数 ,并对冰速和冰向进行了联合概率分析。结果表明 :冰厚和冰速分别服从对数正态分布和瑞利分布 ,海冰压缩强度服从正态分布。计算结果可用于JZ2 0 2海域海洋结构可靠性设计和疲劳累积损伤分析的海冰参数 ,也可作为其邻近海域的参考资料     

四种齐墩果酸皂苷的合成

为获得高活性齐墩果酸皂苷药物候选分子，报道了4种单糖(葡萄糖、半乳糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖)与齐墩果酸的D3羟基进行糖苷化反应合成皂苷的方法。在合成中采用糖的全苯甲酰化三氯乙酰亚胺酯为糖基供体，齐墩果酸烯丙醇酯为糖基受体，在三氟甲磺酸三甲基硅醇酯(TMSOTf)的作用下，糖基供体与齐墩果酸的C-3羟基进行糖苷化，以较高的收率和专一的立体选择性得到4种齐墩果酸单糖皂苷。化合物结构经核磁共振波谱得以确证。     

奥运青岛帆船赛的有碍天气的基本特征分析

为了适应2008青岛奥运帆船比赛气象保障以及建设青岛国际水上赛事基地的需要，着重进行了如下问题的分析讨论；（1）青岛8，9月份近岸区域风速＜3m/s天气的日变化特征及其与海／陆风环流发展的关系分析；（2）青岛8，9月份对流性降水过程特征及与之相关的阵性风；（3）上述天气现象的定时、定点、定量的客观预报方法讨论。     

中国现今板块运动对陆态网基准站稳定性影响

中国大陆板块的整体漂移及其二级板块之间的相互运动必然会对大陆构造环境监测网络中的基准站稳定性造成一定的影响。本文使用最新5年的陆态网连续基准站观测数据计算出各站点的速度,从而分析二级板块的运动趋势;并利用极限误差椭圆法对陆态网中各基准站进行逐个分析,判断其稳定性。结果表明:各板块间的运动速度存在差异,特别是川滇地区板块运动相对活跃;陆态网中稳定性较差的台站大部分是分布在板块与板块的交接处。