二调图斑土地资源全要素管理与应用

针对土地资源管理中应用生态学理论和国土资源信息集成研究不足的现状,该文以二调图斑为管理单元,以构建土地资源"数量、质量、生态"全要素指标体系标准库为管理核心,研究了现阶段土地资源业务数据的集成整合方法,探索了土地资源全要素管理技术路线及其系统实现,并以都江堰市为例进行了应用实践。研究结果表明,实现基于二调图斑的土地资源全要素管理,不但能够满足对于土地资源多种类型数据集成与整合,而且有利于提高土地资源相关业务工作的作业效率。     

Integrating spatial data analysis functionalities in a GIS environment: Spatial Analysis using ArcGIS Engine and R (SAAR)

Spatial data analysis (SDA) tools to efficiently handle and explore spatial data have become readily available. Although these SDA tools have their own strengths and purposes, they suffer from limited support in terms of a development environment offering easy customization and high extensibility, a strength of open source software. This article presents a standalone software package for SDA in a geographic information system (GIS) environment, called Spatial Analysis using ArcGIS Engine and R (SAAR), which provides an integrated GIS and SDA environment. A set of SDA tools in SAAR utilizes functions in R using R.NET, while other tools were developed in .NET independent of R. SAAR provides an efficient working environment for both general and advanced GIS users. For general GIS users with limited programming skills, SAAR furnishes advanced SDA tools in a popular ArcGIS environment with graphical user interfaces. For advanced GIS users, SAAR offers an extensible GIS platform to help them customize and implement SDA functions with relatively little development effort. This article demonstrates some functionalities of SAAR using census data for Texas counties.     

Study on TMD Control on Stability Improvement of Barge-Supported Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Based on the Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm

A floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) has a great potential in producing renewable energy as offshore wind resource is rich in deep sea area (water deeper than 60 m) where fixed foundations are cost-effective or deployable. However, compared with a fixed-bottom installation, FOWT has to suffer more extreme loads due to its extra degrees of freedom. Therefore, the stability of an FOWT is a key challenge in exploiting offshore deep-water wind. Focusing on the stability of barge-type FOWT, this paper is to investigate the effect of passive structural control by equipping a tuned mass damper (TMD) on the nacelle. The turbulent wind with sharp fluctuations is established both in velocity and inflow direction based on standard Kaimal turbulence spectrum as suggested in the standard IEC61400-2. The irregular wave is generated according to the Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum. The dynamic structural characteristics of FOWT are calculated based on the fully coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic solver FAST. Evidence has shown that the proposed method of the nacelle-based TMD is effective in controlling stability of an FOWT, as the sway and roll motions of barge and the side-side displacement of tower top decreased significantly. With the increase of mass, the side-side displacement of tower-top and the amplitude of roll motion of barge reveal a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The stiffness and damping have little effect. Furthermore, the multi-island genetic optimization algorithm (MIGA) is employed to find globally optimum structural parameters (mass, stiffness and damping) of the TMD. The optimum structure parameters of TMD are achieved when the mass is 21393 kg, damping is 13635 N/(m/s) and stiffness is 6828 N/m. By adopting the optimized TMD, stability of roll motion of barge and side-side displacement of tower-top increase up to 53% and 50% respectively when compared with the normal TMD. The simulation results verify the validity and reliability of the proposed TMD control and the optimization methods.     

陕甘川邻接区地质构造解译与成矿远景区预测

在陕甘川邻接区，作通过对1：50万TM图像的解译，做出了线性构造和环形构造解释图，并对线性构造解译图进行了处理，结合区内已知金矿的分布，对成矿远景区做出预测。     

西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床中白钨矿的产出特征及其找矿意义

西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床位于冈底斯成矿带中段,矿区内显示钨元素异常,局部矿化富集,但前人尚未对钨元素及钨矿物进行研究.为弥补该空缺,文章通过分析钨含量随孔深变化的关系、钨矿物显微镜下鉴定和电子探针分析,发现甲玛矿床矽卡岩型矿体的深部易于富集钨,且出现波峰,钨含量明显高于中浅部矿体;甲玛矿床中的钨矿物为白钨矿,主要赋存于矽卡...     

硬梁包水电站近坝库岸金蝉坡稳定性分析

硬梁包水电站地震地质背景复杂,闸址区50年超越概率10%,基岩水平地震动峰值加速度达260cm/s2。金蝉坡滑坡位于库区左岸,近坝约1.4km,水库蓄水后将淹没其坡脚,受库水消落及掏蚀等作用下,在水库蓄水和地震等工况下存在复活失稳可能,对大坝及其对岸移民安置点存在较大影响。本文对其稳定性进行了分析评价,并提出了工程治理措施建议。     

桦甸市矿业开发问题与研究

吉林省桦甸地区矿产种类较多，但有些矿产储量急剧减少，资源面临枯竭，有些矿业开发经济效益不高。本文针对上述两个问题作了详细的分析，找出其产生的原因，提出了具体的解决办法，为桦甸市矿业经济跨越式发展指明了方向。     

基于夜间灯光和地理国情数据模拟高精度人口分布

针对传统人口分布模拟存在空间分辨率低、忽略载体多维属性等问题,现有人口统计数据无法从空间精度上满足分析、管理和科研的实际需求,提出了一种融合夜间灯光遥感影像和地理国情数据的人口分布模拟方法.将夜间灯光遥感影像、建筑物和人口统计数据无缝融合,获取精细尺度人口分布信息,实现行政单元人口向房屋建筑物图斑单元的空间转换和精细模拟.以河北衡水市为试验区,基于县级人口空间分配,用乡镇人口验证,得出拟合优度为0.95,乡镇尺度人口平均相对误差为18.81％,73％的乡镇人口相对误差绝对值小于25％.模拟结果接近房屋建筑图斑尺度人口实际分布状况,呈现以地区中心城镇为中心阶梯状递减分布.研究结果可以应用于资源配置优化、人口流动监测和灾害应急决策等领域.     

各向异性衰减薄层地震响应特征研究

薄储层的叠前地震响应特征研究,特别是针对具有速度各向异性的含流体薄层,对储层描述具有十分重要的意义.文中基于波动方程数值模拟方法,正演得到各向同性弹性、各向同性衰减、速度各向异性、各向异性衰减模型的地震波场,并对比分析了四种模型的纵波（PP）和转换横波（PS）地震反射特征.研究结果表明：在衰减介质背景下,引入各向异性,PP和PS波的反射波振幅较弹性介质均减弱,且衰减因素对薄层振幅的影响强于各向异性.同时,VTI各向异性衰减在单频PS振幅曲线上表现出强差异性,而HTI各向异性衰减则会影响PP和PS波单频振幅曲线的极值点幅值和位置,通过分析单频振幅曲线的极值点振幅和极值点位置对各向异性衰减薄层预测有指导作用,尤其对平时较难分辨的VTI各向异性衰减薄层,单频分析方法的优势更明显.

     

珠江三角洲海平面上升的影响范围

研究讨论珠江三角洲2030年海平面上升30cm的影响范围。对54个站7种典型年最高洪潮水位的升幅进行了水文学或水力学计算。结果表明，按5cm和25cm升幅等值线的分布，可分出影响很小区、较大区、最大区。影响范围随多种条件而发生动态变化。影响最明显的是枯水、特大风暴湖、口门延伸的典型年，其最高洪潮水位升幅的代表值，在影响很小区、较大区、最大区分别为＜5cm、24cm、32cm。