Late Paleozoic Fluid Systems and Their Ore-forming Effects in the Yuebei Basin, Northern Guangdong, China

Based on detailed and systematic researches of the geology of ore deposits, fluid inclusions and isotope geochemistry etc., and regarding the Late Paleozoic fluid system of the Yuebei Basin as an integrated object in this paper, we have revealed the temporo-spatial evolution law of the basin＇s fluid system and discussed its ore-forming effects by simulating and analyzing the distribution of ore-forming elements, the fluid thermodynamics and dynamics of evolution processes of this basin. The results show that Late Paleozoic ore-forming fluid systems of the Yuebei Basin include four basic types as follows. （1） The sea floor volcanic-exhalation system developed during the rapid basin slip-extension stage in the Mid-Late Devonian, which affected the Dabaoshan region. It thus formed the Dabaoshan-type Cu-Pb-Zn-Fe sea floor volcanic-exhalation sedimentary deposits. （2） The compaction fluid system developed during the stable spreading and thermal subsidence-compression stage of the basin in the Mid-Late Devonian. The range of its effects extended all over the whole basin. It resulted in filling-metasomatic deposits, such as the Hongyan-type pyrite deposits and pyrite sheet within the Fankou-type Cu-Pb-Zn-S deposits. （3） The hot water circulation system of sea floor developed during the stage of basin uplifting and micro-aulacogen from the late Late Carboniferous to Middle Carboniferous. The range of its effects covered the Fankou region. It thus formed MVT deposits, such as the main orebody of the Fankou-type Pb-Zn-S deposits. （4） The gravity fluid system developed during the stage of fold uplifting and the basin closed from Middle Triassic to Jurassic, forming groundwater hydrothermal deposits, e.g. the veinlet Pb-Zn-calcite orebodies of the Fankou-type Pb-Zn- S deposits. Migration and concentration of the ore-forming fluids were constrained by the state of temporo-spatial distribution of its fluid potential. Growth faults not only converged the fluids and drove them to move upwards, but also the fluids often crossed the faults to the edges of the basin at the bottom of these faults and the lithologic interfaces, and even migrated to the basin＇s edges from top to bottom along the faults, which may be one of the basic reasons for the stratabound deposits to cluster mainly along the contemporaneous faults on the inner border of the basin. The superposed mineralization resulting from the multi-stage activity of contemporaneous faults and ore-forming fluid systems in the basin may be one of the key factors for forming superlarge ore deposits.     

地质勘探过程中煤层气联测氢气方法

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贵州省地质灾害气象预警预报

贵州复杂和脆弱的地质环境使地质灾害频发,危害民生,影响国民经济的健康发展,引起社会的重视。选用适合的地质灾害气象预警预报方法,是主动防灾减灾的手段之一。几年来的预警预报工作证明,效果总体较好。对其重要性、影响、作用、改进的意义做了解读。     

新疆阿合奇地区晚石炭世-早二叠世筵类动物群

在塔里木盆地西北缘的阿合奇地区晚石炭世-早二叠世地层中发现大量的筵类化石,共计18属61种,另有较多未定种,自下而上建立了4个筵带,依次为Pseudostaffella带、Profusulinella带、Fusulinella—Fusulina带和Pseudoschwagerma带。各篷带与华南、帕米尔达尔瓦兹等地能很好的对比,且筵类动物群面貌与华南地区相似。根据筵类化石确定别根他乌组为晚石炭世早中期罗苏期-达拉期,康克林组为晚石炭世晚期小独山期一早二叠世紫松期,将该区石炭系、二叠系的界线置于71层底部。石炭纪末期区域上海退和古地形的影响导致筵带Triticites带的缺失。     

气温日较差研究进展:变化趋势及其影响因素

从日较差的变化趋势、影响因素以及人类活动对气候变化影响的指示3个方面对日较差的研究进行了总结和概括。观测数据以及气候模式模拟的结果表明,全球气温日较差在近半个多世纪以来呈下降趋势,而这种下降趋势不仅仅是自然变化的结果,还受到人类活动的影响。辐射、云量、气溶胶、下垫面的变化、水汽、降水以及航迹云等因素都能对日较差的变化造成影响。日较差的"周末效应"以及城市化过程中日较差的变化相对于平均气温的变化,能够更有效地指示人类活动对气候变化的影响。     

地面资料在侦测暴雨天气过程中的应用

利用地面常规观测资料和自动站加密温度资料以及卫星云图资料,分析了2005年7月6—7日和7月9—10日发生在江淮流域及其附近的两次暴雨过程的地面要素分布特征,发现强降水带分布在非锋性斜压带和斜压槽附近。然后利用NCEP再分析资料,用第二类热成风螺旋度和非地转湿矢量诊断解释了非锋性斜压带和斜压槽产生强降水的动力机制,结果表明在地面非锋性斜压带和斜压槽处易发生锋生和斜压现象,从而诱发强降水。     

Intensified Eastward and Northward Propagation of Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillation over the Equatorial Indian Ocean in a Global Warming Scenario

Northward propagation in summer and eastward propagation in winter are two distinguished features of tropical intraseasonal oscillation(TISO) over the equatorial Indian Ocean.According to numerical modeling results,under a global warming scenario,both propagations were intensified.The enhanced northward propagation in summer can be attributed to the enhanced atmosphere-ocean interaction and the strengthened mean southerly wind;and the intensified eastward propagation in winter is associated with the enhanced convection-wind coupling process and the strengthened equatorial Kevin wave.Future changes of TISO propagations need to be explored in more climate models.     

华家岭2008年电线积冰的变化特征与气象条件分析

利用华家岭气象站不同高度、不同方向、不同导线直径的电线积冰观测资料,分析了电线积冰在不同高度、不同方向、不同导线的变化特征,以及与气温、水汽压、风速等气象要素的关系。分析表明,电线积冰量随高度增加而增加,随电线直径增大而增大;在相同高度、相同导线上,不同方向的积冰量与风向有关。电线积冰量与水汽压、风速分别呈正相关和反相关。在一定阈值内,电线积冰量和气温存在较好的相关性。     

GPM双频降水测量雷达对降雪的探测能力分析

以双频降水测量雷达为主载荷的GPM卫星于2014年2月发射升空。由于轨道倾角以及仪器通道的设置,大大提升了对弱降水和降雪的探测能力。通过四次降雪个例,分析比较了双频降水测量雷达的三种扫描模式(Ku,KaMS和KaHs)对降雪探测能力的差异。结果表明:DPR相态产品和地面实际观测结果比较一致,固态降雪温度-0.5℃并且降雪发生时的风暴顶高度大多6 km。Ku波段雷达由于仪器灵敏度的大幅提高.对降雪的综合探测能力最强,而KaMs和KaHS也具有特定的作用。此外,为了保证衰减订正的精度,和非降雪部分的衰减相比,需要主要提高降雪衰减尤其是混合相态湿雪的衰减订正精度。     

基于小时雨量的泥石流滑坡降雨特征分析

利用2007～2010年6～9月四川加密自动气象站雨量监测资料,分析了小时雨量特征,并结合其间的泥石流、滑坡地质灾害个例,对泥石流、滑坡发生时的降雨特点进行了分析。结果表明,1500m以下小时平均雨强较大时段出现在1～7时,1500m以上小时雨强较大时段出现在夜间10时至次日8时,短历时强降雨是诱发泥石流的关键因素,而滑坡的发生受降水的累计和滞后效应影响。海拔1500m以下,发生泥石流、滑坡一般需要50mm的降水,1500～3500m海拔,6小时降水有15～20mm,就有可能引发泥石流、滑坡,而在3500m以上,6小时降水有10～15mm即可。