Investigating the land use characteristics of urban integration based on remote sensing data: experience from Guangzhou and Foshan

Abstract

Urban integration is an increasingly popular phenomenon. It is important to characterize the dynamic processes of urban integration from the perspective of geography. However, previous studies mainly focussed on the overall characteristics of a single entity and failed to consider inter-city influences. Therefore, this study aims to systematically investigate this phenomenon. Firstly, spatial clustering technique and landscape metric were used to analyze the temporal change of spatial layout. Secondly, we built multiple ring buffers of city boundary to reveal the directional differences in urban expansion. Lastly, we compared the observed land use data with the results simulated by cellular automata model. These experiments have shown that the urban expansion characteristics during the urban integration process are rather different from those of a single city, and the above methodology can effectively characterize the urban integration phenomenon. The successful example of Guangzhou–Foshan integration could also provide practical experience for other similar attempts.     

利用低空无人机摄影测量快速构建矿区线状地物信息

矿区线状地物是矿山生产建设的重要部分,狭长的形态特征和有限的测量人力限制了监测工作。低空无人机摄影测量具有响应快、周期短、精度高、易操作、成本低的特点,而且获取数据内容丰富、可视性强,为矿区线状地物的快速监测提供了可能。本文选取典型高潜水位井工矿区的线状地物——以矿区专用铁路和防洪堤坝为例,设计3个相对航高（50、75、100 m）作业方案,快速构建矿区线状地物信息,评价模型结果的平面和高程精度,并检验了其可靠性,讨论了无人机摄影测量的时间与效率的权衡问题。研究表明,低空无人机摄影测量可快速获取矿区线状地物的厘米级地形信息,具有较高的平面与高程精度,平面精度可达1∶500比例尺地形图的要求,高程基本能满足1∶1000比例尺制图规范。植被覆盖对模型高程值的精度影响显著,模型内部的空间关系相对稳定可靠,经成本与效率的权衡后优选相对航高100 m为最优作业方案。矿区测绘可尝试低空无人机与传统测绘方法相结合的作业新模式,快速高效地获取监测结果。     

超站仪技术在复杂地形测量中的应用研究

由于很多施工区域的地形较为复杂,对测量工作提出了新的要求,除改进常规测量方法外,同时需要更高效的仪器提供技术保障.本文以震后四川省九寨沟县鲜浒沟地质灾害工程1:500地形测绘项目为例,介绍了超站仪在地形测量中的应用原理,结合施工区,讨论了其实施方法、注意事项、对测量成果的重复性、复现性等问题进行了分析,提出了复杂地形测...     

基于MapXtrme2004的WebGIS系统的研究与开发

本文通过介绍.NET框架用于Web开发的主要技术ASP.NET和ADO.NET的技术优点以及MapInfo公司针对.NET环境开发的新组件Mapxtreme2004,通过分析Mapxtreme2004的结构组成总结了Mapxtreme2004用于WebGIS开发的主要方法类的用途,并着重研究了在.Net框架下利用Mapxtreme2004进行WebGIS开发的可行性及主要功能特点。     

基于高光谱影像的地形图要素变化自动检测与更新方法研究

探讨采用高光谱遥感影像自动检测地形图变化的技术途径。针对地形图变化检测特点,利用经过辐射和几何处理的高光谱影像,结合已有地面资料确定地物样区,建立地形图要素的光谱特征。在建立地物要素光谱特征过程中,提出结合地形图资料,采用迭代光谱特征重建方法,利用训练样本和初始分析结果作为新的样本进行特征提取,克服高光谱影像处理中存在的训练样本数量要求大的难点,提高地物光谱特征建立的可靠性,从而有效提高分析精度。采用EO-1数据实验表明,该方法能够有效实现地物要素信息的自动提取,是变化检测与自动更新的一种有效方法。     

机载LiDAR技术

机载LiDAR集成了GPS、IMU、激光扫描仪新一代航空遥感系统,能利用飞行获取的原始数据直接生成DEM和正射影像图,而无需任何或仅需少量的地面控制点。与传统的摄影测量技术相比,机载LiDAR可以节省大量的人力、时间和经费。在过去十年,机载LiDAR作为精确、快速的地球表面三维测量方法已得到广泛的认同,本文详细介绍了机载LiDAR的基本原理、技术结构及数据处理流程。     

1：5万地形图框架数据质量影响因素分析

数据质量成因分析是地图数据质量控制的一项基础性的工作，只有找出产生误差的原因才能提出控制质量方法。本文介绍了1：5万框架图数据生产的基本情况，详细分析了产生框架图数据误差的诸多原因，认为地图数据质量与生产模式、生产条件、技术准备、作业环境、生产资料、技术培训、软件系统、作业人员等多种因素有关。     

Fast robust large-scale mapping from video and internet photo collections

This paper presents a system approaching fully automatic 3D modeling of large-scale environments. Our system takes as input either a video stream or collection of photographs obtained from Internet photo sharing web-sites such as Flickr. The system achieves high computational performance through algorithmic optimizations for efficient robust estimation, the use of image-based recognition for efficient grouping of similar images, and two-stage stereo estimation for video streams that reduces the computational cost while maintaining competitive modeling results. In addition to algorithmic advances, we achieve a major improvement in computational speed through parallelization and execution on commodity graphics hardware. These improvements lead to real-time video processing and to reconstruction from tens of thousands of images within the span of a day on a single commodity computer. We demonstrate modeling results on a variety of real-world video sequences and photo collections.     

国家1:50000数据库更新工程总体设计研究与技术创新

为了全面提高1:50000数据库的信息现势性和要素完整性,我国"十一五"期间组织实施了国家1:50000数据库更新工程.介绍该工程总体技术研究与技术创新工作,包括研究设计以地形数据全要素更新、全区域变化检测和全过程质量控制为主要特征的1:50000数据库全面更新模式,研究提出符合我国大面积快速更新实际需要的缩编更新优先、影像一体化更新为主的主体更新方法,设计研制规模化更新所需的生产技术系统,制定配套的生产技术规定,建立规模化更新生产业务体系,并在全国大规模更新生产中广泛使用.

Abstract：

The currency of geographic data refers to its consistency with respect to the real world, and plays a criti-cal role in geographic information service and applications. In order to improve the quality of geographic informa-tion service, State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping of China had launched a five year's national campaign to up-date 1 : 50000 topographic database. This paper outlines the master design and technical development of this na-tional updating engineering, which adopts a full coverage updating strategy characterized by all element topo-graphic data modeling, change detection in all related areas, and whole process data quality controlling. High resolution image-based updating and large-scale data generalization-based updating were developed and used as two majors updating techniques, a series of technical production specifications were made, Based on the above, a technical system for large scale updating production, mainly including image based updating software and data generalization based updating software, has been developed and equipped to a large number of production units. The new technical pro-duction system has been successfully implemented in national campaign to update 1 : 50000 topographic database.