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The spatial distribution of soil physical properties is essential for modeling and understanding hydrological processes. In this study, the different spatial information (the conventional soil types map-based spatial information (STMB) versus refined spatial information map (RSIM)) of soil physical properties, including field capacity, soil porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity are used respectively as input data for Water Flow Model for Lake Catchment (WATLAC) to determine their effectiveness in simulating hydrological processes and to expound the effects on model performance in terms of estimating groundwater recharge, soil evaporation, runoff generation as well as partitioning of surface and subsurface water flow. The results show that: 1) the simulated stream flow hydrographs based on the STMB and RSIM soil data reproduce the observed hydrographs well. There is no significant increase in model accuracy as more precise soil physical properties information being used, but WATLAC model using the RSIM soil data could predict more runoff volume and reduce the relative runoff depth errors; 2) the groundwater recharges have a consistent trend for both cases, while the STMB soil data tend to produce higher groundwater recharges than the RSIM soil data. In addition, the spatial distribution of annual groundwater recharge is significantly affected by the spatial distribution of soil physical properties; 3) the soil evaporation simulated using the STMB and RSIM soil data are similar to each other, and the spatial distribution patterns are also insensitive to the spatial information of soil physical properties; and 4) although the different spatial information of soil physical properties does not cause apparent difference in overall stream flow, the partitioning of surface and subsurface water flow is distinct. The implications of this study are that the refined spatial information of soil physical properties does not necessarily contribute to a more accurate prediction of stream flow, and the selection of appropriate soil physical property data needs to consider the scale of watersheds and the level of accuracy required. 相似文献
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基于对鄱阳湖开放水文系统特点和影响因素的深入分析,通过构建一组联合的神经网络模型,定量辨识了包括湖盆地形变化、三峡工程作用、长江流域气候变化等因素对湖泊水位变化的影响分量、时空差异及其发展趋势,并对其作用机制进行了探讨。结果表明:相对于1980—1999年,2003—2014年鄱阳湖湖盆地形变化、三峡工程运行、长江流域气候变化和其他人类活动对湖泊水位降低的平均贡献率分别为50%、18%和32%。由于影响机制的不同,湖泊水位对这3个驱动因子的响应表现出明显的时空差异。冬、春季节湖泊水位降低主要由湖盆地形变化引起,而夏、秋季节的水位降低则主要归因于长江流域气候变化及其他人类活动的综合影响。湖盆地形变化对湖泊水位的影响在湖区都昌站附近最为突出,并且该影响仍呈长期增加趋势。三峡工程引起的湖泊水位变化在湖口处最大,向南部湖区逐渐减弱,其长期变化趋势日渐稳定。长江流域气候变化及其他人类活动的作用值得特别注意,该影响年际间波动较大,在某些年份里(如2006年、2011年)可成为湖泊水位降低的主导因素,但年际变化趋势不明显。 相似文献
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基于膜下滴灌特有的"膜中"、"膜间"、"膜边"、"膜外"微区环境,利用2011—2013年田间对比试验方法获取的5 960个数据,运用柯布-道格拉斯模型,构建膜下滴灌环境土壤层次、灌水定额、土壤水分、气温、蒸发综合因素与土壤水盐关系及影响效应分析模型.结果表明,在气候干旱、蒸发强烈灌区,地膜覆盖与滴灌结合的地表介面灌溉形式下,土壤水盐具有水平方向由"膜中"向"膜边"地表裸露区定向迁移,垂直方向土壤水盐则由下向上层运移且趋于"膜外"边界积累的趋势,尤其是气温与蒸发因素交互作用,推进膜下滴灌土壤水盐在地膜覆盖与土壤裸露区域空间运移,研究结果进一步揭示了膜下滴灌"土壤水盐定向迁移"形成机理,为膜下滴灌土壤水盐地表排放模式应用提供了依据. 相似文献
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