The spatial distribution of archaeal lipids in a mesoscale subtropical watershed,Southeast China

Archaea play an important role in global carbon and nitrogen cycles. Archaeal lipids, such as isoprenoid glycerol diakyl glycerol tetraethers (iGDGTs), are important biomarkers tracing change in archaeal community structure and biogeochemical processes in the natural environments. In this research, the spatial distributions of archaeal lipids in the surface sediments of the Jiulong River (JR) and the Jiulong River estuary (JRE) were examined. GDGT-0 (containing zero cyclopentyl ring) and crenarchaeol were the most abundant iGDGTs in the JR and JRE. From the rivers to the estuary, the total iGDGTs, GDGT-0, crenarchaeol and archaeol concentrations showed significant spatial variation; in particular, GDGT-0 and archaeol in the river may be predominantly derived in situ from methanogens, whereas crenarchaeol in the estuary mainly derived in situ from Thaumarchaeota. We inferred that archaeal community was dominated by methanogens in the Jiulong River and by Thaumarchaeota in the Jiulong River estuary, which are consistent with change in archaeal community structure observed in other estuarine environments.     

三门湾表层沉积物黏土矿物特征及来源分析

利用XRD方法分析了三门湾表层沉积物中的黏土矿物组成和含量,结合沉积物粒径趋势分析及长江和三门湾流域中小河流的黏土矿物组合特征,开展了三门湾沉积物的来源分析。结果表明,三门湾表层沉积物中黏土矿物以伊利石为主,其次为高岭石和绿泥石,蒙脱石含量最低。其中,伊利石高值区位于海湾中部,高岭石和绿泥石高值区分布在港汊附近,蒙脱石则在近岸呈斑块状分布。三门湾现代表层沉积物主要来源于长江入海物质,海湾周边短源山溪性河流带来的物质仅影响了河口近岸区。     

近2.1 Ma以来帕里西维拉海盆黏土矿物输入变化及其对中更新世气候转型的响应

对帕里西维拉海盆PV090102孔2.1 Ma以来沉积物中黏土矿物的含量、特征参数和形貌特征进行了分析,结果表明,黏土矿物以伊利石(48%)和蒙皂石(34%)为主,绿泥石(13%)和高岭石(6%)含量较低。伊利石结晶度平均为0.29°△2θ,表明其形成于气候寒冷且水解作用弱的陆地源区;伊利石化学指数平均为0.32,表明该孔伊利石为富Fe-Mg伊利石,且经历了较强的物理风化。黏土矿物的组合特征和形貌特征表明,蒙皂石主要来源于周围火山岛弧,伊利石、绿泥石和高岭石主要来源于亚洲大陆风尘。在中更新世气候转型期,伊利石通量、绿泥石通量和高岭石通量均呈增加趋势,这与该孔总的风尘通量和风尘石英通量的变化趋势一致,且与亚洲大陆干旱化一致,表明其响应了中更新世气候转型期亚洲内陆的干旱变化,因而可以作为亚洲内陆干湿变化的示踪指标。此外,第四纪以来PV090102孔蒙皂石通量的变化与该孔火山物质通量的变化趋势具有很好的一致性,因而可以作为火山物质输入西菲律宾海的替代指标。     

Energy of the Jets of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and of Their Eddies in the Surface Layer of the Southern Ocean

Oceanology - The kinetic energy of six jets of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and of the cyclonic and anticyclonic mesoscale eddies generated by these jets is studied in application to the...     

高阶引力理论及其在星系旋转 曲线中应用的可能性

介绍了建立高阶引力理论（该理论用以修正爱因斯坦广义相对论）的物理背景,并讨论了暗物质问题。对几种主要高阶引力理论及其解作了评述,并尝试在不必假定暗物质存在的情况下,用高阶引力理论解决有关星系旋转曲线的困难。但令人遗憾的是,至今还没有一个理论取得完全的成功。指出了解决这一问题面临的困难,并建议寻找新的高阶引力理论。     

Study of the weakly magnetic star HD 116656

Astronomy Letters - We studied the spectroscopic binary HD 116656 (ζ1 UMa) that has previously been suspected to be a Si-type chemically peculiar star. The magnetic field of each individual...     

About Hypothesis of the Superconducting Origin of the Saturn’s Rings

Hypothesis of possible superconductivity of the iced matter of the rings of Saturn (based on the data of Voyager and Pioneer space missions) allow us to explain many phenomena which have not been adequately understood earlier. Introducing into planetary physics force of magnetic levitation of the superconducting iced particle of the rings, which interact with magnetosphere of the planet, becomes to be possible to explain origin, evolution, and dynamics of the rings; to show how the consequent precipitation of the rings’ matter upon the planet was concluded; how the rings began their rotation; how they were compressed by the magnetic field into the thin disc, and how this disc was fractured into hundreds of thousands of separated rings; why in the ring B do exist “spokes”; why magnetic field lines have distortion near by ring F; why there is a variable azimuth brightness of the ring A; why the rings reflected radio waves so efficiently; why exists strong electromagnetic radiation of the rings in the 20.4 kHz–40.2 MHz range and Saturnian kilometric radiation; why there is anomalous reflection of circularly polarized microwaves; why there are spectral anomalies of the thermal radiation of the rings; why the matter of the various rings does not mix but preserves its small-scale color differences; why there is an atmosphere of unknown origin nearby the rings of Saturn; why there are waves of density and bending waves within Saturn’s rings; why planetary rings in the solar system appear only after the Belt of Asteroids (and may be the Belt of Asteroids itself is a ring for the Sun); why our planet Earth has no rings of its own.     

Ultraviolet observations with the space telescope Glazar

Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory; SKB Granit; Geneva Observatory; Flight Control Center. Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 32, No. 1, p. 5–13, January–February, 1990.     

Could CoRoT-7b and Kepler-10b be remnants of evaporated gas or ice giants?

We present thermal mass loss calculations over evolutionary time scales for the investigation if the smallest transiting rocky exoplanets CoRoT-7b (∼1.68R_Earth) and Kepler-10b (∼1.416R_Earth) could be remnants of an initially more massive hydrogen-rich gas giant or a hot Neptune-class exoplanet. We apply a thermal mass loss formula which yields results that are comparable to hydrodynamic loss models. Our approach considers the effect of the Roche lobe, realistic heating efficiencies and a radius scaling law derived from observations of hot Jupiters. We study the influence of the mean planetary density on the thermal mass loss by placing hypothetical exoplanets with the characteristics of Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, and Uranus to the orbital location of CoRoT-7b at 0.017 AU and Kepler-10b at 0.01684 AU and assuming that these planets orbit a K- or G-type host star. Our findings indicate that hydrogen-rich gas giants within the mass domain of Saturn or Jupiter cannot thermally lose such an amount of mass that CoRoT-7b and Kepler-10b would result in a rocky residue. Moreover, our calculations show that the present time mass of both rocky exoplanets can be neither a result of evaporation of a hydrogen envelope of a “Hot Neptune” nor a “Hot Uranus”-class object. Depending on the initial density and mass, these planets most likely were always rocky planets which could lose a thin hydrogen envelope, but not cores of thermally evaporated initially much more massive and larger objects.