Biomonitoring of coastal pollution status using protozoan communities with a modified PFU method

Structural and functional parameters of protozoan communities were assessed as indicators of water quality in Korean coastal waters in the summer of 2000. A modified polyurethane foam unit (PFU) method, named the bottled PFU (BPFU) system, was used in order to carry out the bioassessment. Both parameters suggested that biomonitoring using the BPFU system was more effective than the conventional PFU method in offshore areas. The species number collected by the BPFU system generally decreased as pollution intensity increased at three main stations and was greater than that collected using the PFU method (paired t-test, t = 4.83, p < 0.0001). The Margalef diversity index coincided well with the water conditions. The diversity index values calculated from the BPFU system were also significantly higher than those from the PFU method (paired t-test, t = 5.37, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the functional parameters, i.e. S(eq),G and T90%, correlated with the pollution status and could thus clearly discriminate the different classes of water quality.     

Matrix expression of thermal radiative characteristics for an open complex

The directionality of thermal radiance of a homogeneous isothermal non-black plane surface is totally decided by its directional emissivity, which depends on the complex dielectric constant and roughness of surface. It can be expressed by This paper proves that it is necessary to express emissivity by a matrix when a target becomes an inhomogeneous non-isothermal open complex with complicated inner geometric structure. The matrix describes the inner radiative interaction among components accurately and also expresses its thermal radiative directionality and structural characteristics completely. Advantages of matrix expression are as follows: first, the physical mechanics of effective emissivity of an open complex is described in a simple and perfect way; second, it becomes easy to understand the principle and method to retrieve components temperature from multi-angle thermal remotely sensed data; and third, the differences of directionalities between an open complex and a homogeneous isothermal non-black plane body are expressed by just using an effective emissivity matrix instead of an emissivity vector. Formula in classic physics is only the special case of matrix expression; therefore, the matrix is a universal unconditional expression to describe the directionality of thermal radiance.     

地形影响地面运动的观测研究

本文利用矿山爆破,进行了地形对地面运动影响的观测研究.9次爆破的结果表明,山顶处位移和速度的谱曲线的峰区较山前和其它测点的集中,振幅的量值也大,其放大倍率约为3,其中与山体走向平行的水平分量放大得最大,与之垂直的次之,而垂直于地面的最小;山顶测点不同分量上最大位移所对应的周期接近,其对山前的放大量值近于2,也是水平分量大于垂直分量;山顶处地面运动的延续时间取决于爆破的药量和方式,山前等测点延时的放大为3-4倍,也是水平分量大于垂直分量.山顶上地面运动的这种特殊性,是由于入射波所激发的山体共振所引起的.     

突发性地面增温与临震前兆——以1988年澜沧、耿马7.6,7.2级地震为例

本文通过较多的地面温度资料分析,认为1988年11月6日澜沧、耿马地震前几天,震区及其周围大范围的突发性地面增温异常是一种临震前兆,总结了增温异常的时空演变规律与地震活动的关系,并对其形成机制提出初步想法     

地震灾害应急协同技术平台应用效能评估

根据地震灾害应急协同技术平台的保障条件、功能架构、性能指标、成果产出和实震检验等方面的应用情况和特点,采用德尔菲法从影响地震灾害应急协同技术平台状态和应用效能的诸多因素中,梳理出3项准则层指标、13项子准则层指标和52项具体指标,构建应用效能评估指标体系,并运用层次分析法确定各层级指标相对于上一层指标的重要程度排序及权重。运用模糊综合评价法取优、良、差3个等级,以云南省地震灾害应急协同技术平台为例开展应用效能评估。评估结果表明,该平台应用效能处于中等偏上的水平。实例应用结果表明,可利用德尔菲法、层次分析法和模糊综合评价法相结合的方式进行地震灾害应急协同技术平台应用效能评估。     

陕西地区地震活动性的初步分析

依据震中迁移、频度变化曲线、能量释放曲线、震级频度关系和时间序列的预测方法等,对陕西地区的地震活动性进行了初步分析,认为:陕西地区M_L>3.5级的地震活动存在着明显的由北向南、自东向西的迁移特点,其地震活动水平比较正常,今后5年内可能发生M_L≥4.3级地震。     

滇西北伸展构造区的构造特点及其动力学研究

本文研究了滇西北伸展构造区活动构造、地震活动和新构造环境的特点。该区构造与地震的活动强度为南、北部强,中间弱;第四纪最大沉降中心、湖积台地及第四纪褶皱分布呈对角对称。滇西北地区的伸展构造是在近南北向挤压力和南西—北东向剪切力的共同作用下形成的,其合力方向为北北东,与用水压致裂法和物理模拟获得的结果相符。该区在形成机制上属于一种特殊的拉分构造。     

GIS技术在洪湖环境演变研究中的应用

本文运用GIS技术,探索了洪湖环境的近期变化及其机理,以空间的、定量的形式,展示了与修建隔堤、分割湖区、围湖垦殖及水位控制等人为活动因素相联系的湖泊环境变化效应和过程,分析了湖中挺水植物分布的动态变化与趋协。这项工作进一步表明了地理信息系统方法在湖泊环境变化的监测、评价和研究中具有独特的功效和实用价值。     

浅层土体中波速特征及纵横波联合探测的方法效果

本文介绍了锤击震源及板状震源的特性;较详细地论述了浅层土体中纵横波速度随含水量变化的特征。     

CT扫描参数优选对辐射防护的贡献

作者参照国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)1991年60号出版物规定的实践中放射防护原则,设计CT扫描中患者及公众放射防护方策,通过优选予置扫描参数和适时扫描参数,降低CT 受检者的辐射剂量,并业已经过辐射测量实验结果的证实。对此,做一介绍。