对建立遥感估产模式的几点初步认识

本文从分析遥感光谱参数的生物学意义着手，论证了正确建立遥感估产模型的可能途径。对几种有代表性的遥感估产模型作了分析，作者认为把可见光、近红外波段的遥感信息与热红外信息有机结合是解决遥感估产模型的最佳方案。对ＮＯＡＡ－ＡＶＨＲＲ的第１通道与第２通道光谱数值进行非朗伯体特性的纠正是必要的。遥感估产模型不仅可以使估产的空间尺度大大缩小而且参数数目亦可大大减小，更有利于实际运行。     

四川富顺─南溪地区地貌特征与经济开发的1∶10万TM图像判读

本文利用不同地物在同一波段或相同地物在不同波段具有不同色调的变化规律，来目视判读７幅ｌ∶ｌ０万的ＴＭ黑白和彩色合成图像。通过细致地分析、对比，在富顺─南溪地区判读不同泥沙含量、不同深浅的水体，了解河床中深槽、浅滩地貌，准确勾绘所有大于像元的水体涯线，确定沟谷的宽度和相对深度，查明沟谷成因，划分漫滩和河谷阶地，圈定丘陵和山地的，分布，研究它们的形态和成因，为区域开发奠定科学的基础。     

Structure and evolution of a tropopause fold during GALE IOP-1: An eta model study

Summary A fine-mesh regional model simulation of upper-level cyclogenesis is carried out to examine the structure and evolution of the accompanying tropopause fold and its relationship to the surface and upper-level cyclones. The initial state for the simulation, conducted using the 80-km, 16-level version of the National Meteorological Center Eta model, uses the Level III-b gridded dataset for 1200 UTC, 18 January 1986, during the First Intensive Observing Period (IOP-1) of the Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment (GALE) project.Results are presented from a 48 hour integration of the model. The emphasis is on the examination of the synoptic scale evolution and structure of the upper-level cyclone and tropopause fold, both of which were successfully simulated in the model. The potential vorticity structure associated with a propagating jet-streak displayed distinctive structure, with its tilt reversing as the jet-streak moved around the base of an amplifying upper-level trough. In addition, the model simulates the intrusion of dry, stratospheric air containing high potential vorticity anomalies into the lower troposphere as well as subsidence warming when the folding of the tropopause occurs. the model also predicts upper-level frontogenesis as a result of a thermally indirect secondary circulation in the exit region of the jet-streak. The success of the model simulation is most likely the result of comprehensive physics and the fine grid resolution employed and, more importantly, the excellent distribution of subsynoptic scale initial data during the GALE project.With 16 Figures     

澳洲夏季风热源低频变化对北半球冬季风影响的数值研究

采用ｐ－σ混合坐标系的５层原始方程模式研究了与澳洲夏季风低频变化相伴随的对流性低频加热源所激发的大气强迫波和东亚冬季风的关系，结果表明澳洲夏季风低频热源可引起北半球副热带高低层环流、东西向Ｗａｌｋｅｒ环流。经向环流、越赤道气流的低频振荡，其振荡周期、强度与热源的振荡周期、强度有关。结果还进一步表明，澳洲低频热源可激发出扰动的北传，从而引起北半球副热带环流、副热带西风急流的低频振荡，澳洲夏季风活跃后     

航天器工作的地磁环境

航天器工作环境中的地磁场可以用于定向和姿态控制，为空间飞行提供了一个天然的坐标系，但地磁场与带电、带磁的航天器相互作用又在一定程度上影响着航天器的运动参数（如自旋、定向、轨道等），地磁场的变化，特别是磁暴和亚暴期间剧烈的磁场扰动会对航天器的正常运行和航天器仪器的有效工作造成重大影响，与磁场变化相伴随的磁层、电离层扰动，高能粒子流对航天器的工作、空间通讯、对宇航员的安全都可能有严重影响。磁扰期间，中性大气的密度、温度的变化也会影响航天器的轨道和姿态，本文从地磁场结构和变化综合评价航天器工作的地磁场环境，为航天器利用地磁场和防护地磁场变化带来的有害影响提供一些背景材料。     

亚洲夏季风系统水汽输送的季节平均和低频结构

应用欧洲中期预报中心１９８０－１９８６年５－９月的８５０ｈＰａ逐日资料，分析了亚洲夏季风系统水汽输送的平均结构和低频结构。研究指出，从季节平均结构来看，亚洲季风系统是一个完整的体系。从低频活动结构看，亚洲夏季风系统中存在着印度季风和东亚季风系统的相对独立性。     

大气环流的奇偶对称性（Ⅰ）理论依据和气候特征

文中使用奇偶对称分析方法，利用观测资料对全球环流的奇偶对称分量的分布做了分析，指出奇偶分布的气候特征及其时间演变能反映南北半球海陆差异带来的影响，揭示大气对辐射加热响应的时间尺度、环流的波动结构及全球环流季节性调整等一些特征。     

第四纪盐湖型钾盐矿床的航空γ能谱异常特征及找矿模式

本文以航空γ能谱测量资料为依据，简述了与找钾有关的部分科研成果，建立了第四纪盐湖型钾盐矿床的找矿模式，进而通过对别勒滩、马海等钾盐矿例剖析，说明航空γ能潜测量在寻找第四纪盐湖型钾盐矿床方面确有明显效果。     

Discovery of Early Tertiary Hydrothermal Activity and Its Significance in Oil／Gas Geology,Dougpu Depression,Henan Province,China

Data from the super-deep wells(PS10,PS14 and YS1)led to the discovery of widespread met-al-bearing hydrothermal fluids (or hot brines) related to basic magmas in the Lower Tertiary clastic sequence in the Dongpu Depression .In terms of SEM and EDAX analyses, pore-casting thin section examination of sandstone ,the composition and forming temperature of fluid inclusions ,the trace ele-ment composition of mustone and kerogen and organic geochemical analyses, it is demonstrated that the hydrothermal fluids existing in the area studied are ejecting fluids, which have a close bearing on diagenesis and sedimentation, rather than intrusive veins along the tectonic fractures.The main indicators of hydrothermal activity are:(1)abnormal alteration of kerogen;(2) high-temperature altered mineral assemblage;(30abnormal distribution of hydrocarbons;(4) specific assemblages and abnormal contents of heavy metals in mudstone and kerogen;(5) specific composi-tion of complex compounds and assemblages of fluid inclusions in sandstone;(6) periodic basaltic magma activity.Results of geological observations and laboratory simulating experiments demonstrated that the hydrothermal fluids have a close bearing on hydrocarbon generation in the Dongpu Depression. Two aspects of the effect of hydrothermal fluids are noticed:hydrothermal hydrocarbon production and strong metal catalysis in oil and gas generation.     

A STUDY OF CLOUD-SYSTEM MODEL:MACRO AND MICRO STRUCTURE SIMULATION OF CLOUD FIELD*

The macro and micro cloud physics structures and their evolution with time are the core of describing cloud fields in essence.They are necessary atmospheric environment not only in aviation and spaceflight activities but also for atmospheric radiation transfer and acid rain formation research.Unfortunately it is difficult to obtain an entire environmental cloud field by using observation methods directly.Thus,by use of computation physics method to build a cloud-systemmodel may be an indispensable way for this topic.This paper presented a cloud-system model for this goal,and simulated a real case.The results of computation showed that the macro structure of the cloud field was better consistent with real observation,and the micro structure was fairly reasonable.The output of model could provide all the information about the cloud field:(1)size-distribution spectrum of hydrometeor particles(point),(2)vertical profile(line),(3)horizontal or vertical section of macro and micro parameters(surface),and(4)cloud cover,pattern of cloud and configuration of cloud,etc.(body).