Relationship between equatorial pressure oscillations and tropical cyclones landing over China

With daily reanalysis data by NCEP/NCAR and data of tropical cyclones landing over China from 1949 to 2005, the variation of low-frequency oscillations of equatorial pressure and their relationship with tropical cyclones landing over China in the summer half of the years (June through October) are studied for the 57 years, using spectral analysis and correlation analysis. The results show that the summertime equatorial pressure is mainly of periodic oscillations of 5―7 days and 10―30 days and the interannual variation of the intensity of its quasi-biweekly oscillation is significantly positive correlation with the number of tropical cyclones landing over China. The quasi-biweekly oscillation is filtered from daily equatorial pressure in May―November over the 57 years with inverse wavelet transform and the probability for tropical cyclones landing on coastal China within four days before and after the oscillatory valleys of quasi-biweekly pressure at the equator is 59.7% and 73.0% for June to October and July to September respectively. The model of atmospheric circulation for quasi-biweekly oscillatory valleys of equatorial pressure in association with or without tropical cyclones landing over China in July―September is set up with the composite analysis method. When the valleys are associated with (without) landfall, zonal (meridional) circulation prevails in the mid and high latitudes of the Eastern Hemisphere, the high pressure ridge is weak (strong) near the Sea of Okhotsk, the westerly zone is northward (southward), the subtropical high is westward (eastward) in location and strong (weak) in intensity, the cross-equatorial flow is strong (weak) in southeast Asia, Southwest Monsoon is strong (weak) and stronger (weaker) while in the valleys of pressure, being favorable (unfavorable) for tropical cyclones landing over China. The atmospheric circulation model for oscillatory valleys of biweekly equatorial pressure in association with (without) tropical cyclones landing over China, which can reflect the difference of atmospheric circulation between them, is beneficial to medium-term forecasts of tropical cyclones landing over China.     

CHARACTERISTIC DISTRIBUTION OF SLOPE SCATTERED RADIATION WITH ITS CALCULATION MODEL*

Detailed analysis is made of anisotropy of slope scattered radiation (SSR) in terms of the data obtained by a pyranometer mounted on a theodolite,indicating the change of SSR as a function of orientation and slope.And also reviewed are the models for SSR calculation developed by earlier researchers through the tests with the data.On this basis a new model for SSR flux density is proposed which is of higher applicability and has advantage over the analogues abroad both in physical implication and accuracy of the calculations.     

台湾海峡中、北部海域春、夏季水团分析

本文依据1983,1984,1987,1988几年的有关资料,利用“对应分析法”对台湾海峡中、北部海域春、夏季(5—8月)的水团及有关问题进行了分析。结果表明:(1)5—8月间该海域存在两种水团分布类型,其中5月属冬季型,全海域存在浙闽沿岸水和海峡暖流水两个水团;6—8月属夏季型,全海域均为海峡暖流水盘踞,按温度不同,它又分为上层水和深层水两部分。(2)浙闽沿岸水具低温、低盐、高溶解氧特征,均一性较差,年际变异较大;海峡暖流水以高盐为主要特征,温、盐度和溶解氧分布较均匀,且诸特征相对稳定。(3)海峡东、西两侧均存在上升流现象,西侧的上升流出现于6—8月,中心在海潭岛附近;东侧的上升流7月见于澎湖群岛北方海区。(4)6—8月间,海峡暖流深层水(核心)主要沿海峡偏西一侧北上,而不是紧靠东侧径直向北。     

皖南西递黟县青工艺石材矿地质特征及成因

“黟县青”是皖南黟县西递特有的一种地方性工艺建筑石材矿，含矿地层为形成于浅海陆架相环境的寒武系大陈岭组，主要产于蓝田向斜盆地内，为受沉积成因控制的大理岩化灰岩矿床，矿体严格受地层产状控制。黟县青石材矿赋矿岩层为深灰色巨厚层纹层状大理岩化微细—细中晶灰岩，因具有高密度、抗风化、抗冻、耐碱、耐水、刚度大于普通灰石、抗变形能力大于混凝土等特性而被广泛应用于徽州地区明清古建筑。燕山期黟县花岗闪长岩体的侵入使灰岩发生大理岩化，对矿石品质的提升起着积极的作用。在矿产勘查的基础上，通过对西递水口亭地区黟县青石材矿成矿地质条件、矿体（矿石）特征和矿床成因的研究，为皖南地区该矿种的勘查、研究和开发利用提供重要的基础资料。