铝基柱撑蒙脱石的国内外研究进展

铝基柱撑蒙脱石作为一种新型的多孔材料是当前研究的热点之一。其具有大的比表面积，大小可调的孔径及强的化学活性而成为性能优异的吸附剂和催化剂。显示了其在石油化工和环保等领域的应用潜力。全面综述了当前铝基柱撑蒙脱石的制备。性能表征及其应用等方面的研究进展。     

内蒙古阿拉善左旗巴音诺尔公花岗岩体TIMS锆石U-Pb年龄

内蒙古自治区阿拉善东南部的巴音诺尔公花岗岩体,地处华北陆块西北缘,霍尔森-查干楚鲁构造带以南的雅布赖-巴音诺尔公构造带内。岩体整体上受NEE向构造控制,主要由中-细粒黑云母花岗岩和中-粗粒似斑状黑云母花岗岩2种岩石类型组成。采用TIMS锆石U-Pb定年法,测得巴音诺尔公岩体不同位置中-细粒黑云母花岗岩和中-粗粒似斑状黑云母花岗岩样品年龄分别为304.7±2.8Ma和289.0±3.8Ma,属于晚石炭世—早二叠世。结合前人资料,提出巴音诺尔公岩体至少存在2期岩浆活动,分别为晚石炭世(304Ma)和早二叠世(289~272Ma)。     

时间域航空电磁电阻率和磁导率全时反演

为了减小时间域航空电磁法在强磁性地区应用时产生的磁极化电流对反演的影响,提出了一种在雅可比矩阵中加入磁导率偏导数,将电阻率、磁导率和层厚进行全时同步反演的方法。将磁性均匀半空间模型、单个磁性模型和多个磁性层模型的时间域响应添加高斯噪声作为模拟数据进行全时反演,得到的模型与理论模型拟合较好,拟合误差均在3%以下,验证了本文算法的有效性,说明在强磁性地区本文提出的算法能有效解决地下介质的电性分布。     

中国内陆TRMM降水数据质量评估

针对TRMM降水数据在中国内陆是否可靠的问题,本研究采用了Xie Pingping根据地面观测站点产生的降水数据、中国气象局公开的759个站点观测降水数据与3B42_V6版本的TRMM降水数据,在中国内陆将地面观测数据同TRMM数据进行了深入对比分析。发现TRMM降水质量受地形影响很大,迎风坡偏小背风坡与山顶偏大,TRMM降水在汛期(夏季与秋季)比站点观测降水大,枯季(冬季与春季)TRMM相对精确。所以本研究建议在对TRMM降水数据进行应用时应该进行地形矫正。     

Treatment of leachate from domestic landfills with three-stage physicochemical and biochemical technology

Because domestic landfill leachate concentrates complex organic pollutants, effective treatment of landfill leachate has gained increasing attention in recent years. In this paper, three-stage physicochemical and biochemical technology for treatment of domestic landfill leachate is presented. Based on an eight-month pilot operation, over 96% of the main pollutants, for example COD_Cr, BOD₅, SS, NH₄ ⁺–N, coliform, and chrominance, can be removed, among which the removal efficiency of COD_Cr was 89.5, 8.6, and 1.7% in stages 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and the removal efficiency of BOD₅ was 90.3, 8.3, and 1.4%. In the treatment, the biochemical process played a principal role on the removal of pollutants from the leachate. The treatment efficiency depends on how the syntheses of physicochemical, anaerobic, and hydrolytic procedures pave the way for biochemical treatment. Application of a combined efflux and mixed-flow aerator enhanced the removal efficiency during each procedure.     

一种绿松石仿制品的宝石学特征研究

近期在市场上出现一种绿松石仿制品,外观与天然绿松石极为相似,极具迷惑性.采用常规宝石学测试方法、红外吸收光谱、显微红外吸收光谱、紫外可见吸收光谱、X荧光能谱对其宝石学性质、光谱特征进行了系统研究分析.结果 表明:这种绿松石仿制品具有粒状结构,可见角砾状颗粒,颜色分布均匀,具有典型的再造宝石特征.该绿松石仿制品折射率为1.56,与绿松石一致,相对密度为2.34,略低于绿松石.无损显微红外吸收光谱显示该绿松石仿制品主要由顽火辉石与石英组成,并含有胶结物质.顽火辉石的红外吸收峰为1083 cm-1,1009 cm-1,938 cm-1,855 cm-1,721 cm-1,647 cm-1,505 cm-1,478 cm-1,424 cm-1.石英的红外光谱吸收峰为1182 c m-1,1112 cm-1,800 cm-1,692 cm-1.有机胶结物的红外吸收峰为2978 cm-1,2937 cm-1,2878 cm-1,3055 cm-1,3035 cm-1,1612 cm-1,1512 cm-1,1385 cm-1,1458 cm-1.X荧光光谱分析显示主要含有Ba,Ti,Sr,Fe,Ni,Zn元素,与绿松石的成分不相符.紫外可见光谱分析显示在680 nm、630 nm处具有吸收带,应是样品呈现蓝绿色的原因.本次研究旨在利用无损检验方法确定样品为仿绿松石,并确定有环氧树脂胶结物的存在.     

“8.8”大地震后九寨沟世界遗产地湖泊淤积与沼泽化现状评价

地震及其伴生地貌过程破坏山体植被和土壤,产生的松散物源进入湖泊可能会带来泥沙淤积与沼泽化的风险.为探明九寨沟"8.8"大地震后湖泊淤积与沼泽化现状,以及松散物源的影响,本研究选取九寨沟景区内4个淤积与沼泽化程度不同的湖泊,进行了实地勘查,采用植被指标为主、促淤效应为辅的沼泽化综合评价方法进行现状评价;同时,结合无人机获取的湖泊周边环境和受灾程度信息,探讨了地震后伴生地貌过程及产物对九寨沟湖泊淤积与沼泽化的影响.结果表明：（1）四个湖泊的沼泽化发展模式均是由岸边向湖心推进.（2）各湖淤积与沼泽化程度空间分布特征存在差异,按发展程度从高到低依次表现为：五花海沼泽化程度最高,西北侧处于沼泽化后期（沼泽化指标值为[3,4]）;镜海次之,局部处于沼泽化盛期（沼泽化指标值为[1.5,3]）;犀牛海再次,仅出入水口处于沼泽化前期（沼泽化指标值为[1.5,2.5]）;箭竹海最低,整体处于沼泽化前期（沼泽化指标值为[0,1.5]）.（3）松散物源输入造成湖岸淤积程度增加、促进水生植被扩张,是造成九寨沟湖泊淤积和沼泽化发展的重要原因.管理者需重点关注小微湖泊、出入水口、受灾点的沼泽化发展情况.     

鄂尔多斯盆地东部下二叠统山西组山2段成岩相划分及展布

鄂尔多斯盆地东部下二叠统山西组山2段岩石类型主要为石英砂岩、岩屑质石英砂岩和岩屑砂岩,储集层经历了压实、压溶、硅质胶结、碳酸盐胶结交代、高岭石胶结、杂基蚀变以及溶蚀等多种成岩作用。在成岩作用研究的基础上,通过大量的岩心观察和薄片鉴定,结合阴极发光、探针分析等方法,将研究区划分出7种单因素成岩相,即：强压实、压溶-石英次生加大、蚀变高岭石、沉淀高岭石、杂基充填、碳酸盐胶结交代、不稳定组分溶蚀成岩相,在此基础上对其进行平面叠加,确定了利于储集层发育的优势成岩相。其中压溶-石英次生加大与杂基、假杂基溶蚀作用的综合作用（叠加和改造）决定了山西组山2段有利的成岩相带,在陕141井区、榆37井区、子洲-清涧地区山西组山2段形成了天然气优质储集层。     

0801号台风“浣熊”的路径和强度特征分析

利用一天四次的NECP格点再分析资料对台风的移动路径、强度突变进行分析。结果表明:台风"浣熊"的移动路径与副高位置的演变有关,而西风槽、脊的进退直接影响副高的演变。因此,副热带高压与西风槽、脊的相互作用是台风"浣熊"路径在北纬20度从西北偏北转向东北的原因;弱冷空气、东亚大槽槽前正涡度平流所产生的强辐散场是强度突变的重要原因;除此之外,越赤道气流与副热带高压的共同作用,不仅对台风"浣熊"强度突变有作用,同时也是其路径在南海从西北偏西转向西北偏北的原因。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000879

Multiple sets of thick coal beds characterized by simple structure and shallow burial depth were developed in the Early and Middle Jurassic strata of the Ordos Basin,northwestern China.The huge reserves of this high quality coal have a high commercial value.We studied the coal’s petrologic characteristics and its maceral distribution to determine the maceral’s contribution to generation of oil and gas.The results show that the Jurassic coals in the Ordos Basin have special penological features because of the Basin’s unique depositional environment which was mainly a series of high-stand swamps in the upper fluvial system.These petrographic features are a result of the development of typical inland lakes where some sand bodies were formed by migrating rivers.After burial,the peat continued to undergo oxidizing conditions,this process generated extensive higher inertinile contents in the coals and the vitrinite components were altered to semi-vitrinite.The macroscopic petrographic types of these Jurassic coals are mainly semi-dull coal,dull coal,semilustrous and lustrous coal.The proportions of semi-dull coal and dull coal are higher in the basin margins,especially in the area near the northern margin.The numbers of semilustrous and lustrous coals increase southwards and towards the central basin.This situation indicates that different coal-forming swamp environments have major controlling effects on the coal components.Another observation is that in the Ordos" coal sequences,especially in the lower part,some sandstone beds are thick,up to 20 m with a coarse grain size.The higher fusinite content in the macerals accompanies a higher semi-vitrinite content with more complete and regular plant cell structure.The fusinite structure is clear and well preserved.After burial,the lithology of the roof and floor rocks can continue to affect the evolution of coal petrology.The sand bodies in the roof and floor exhibit good physical conditions so that pore water can maintain a long-term state of oxidation,circulation and connection to the coal.So coal components remain in an oxidation environment for a long time.Conversely,in the basin center,lacustrine facies developed and peat was rapidly covered by mudstone after burial and subsequent coal beds rapidly entered a reducing environment.As a result,abundant gelatification occurred and the vitrinite content increased.Exinite often accumulated in a specific position in the coal bed.Although the average exinite content is not high on the whole,it does significantly contribute to the total hydrocarbon generation. The exinite content has been underestimated,especially the amorphous bituminous fluid and its importance is emphasized here.The reason is that the fluid flows easily into fusinite which has strong rigidity,or flows into some fissures,where it is commonly neglected.