A New Enantiornithine Bird from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in Jinzhou Area,Western Liaoning Province,China

A new Early Cretaceous enantiornithine bird from Liaoning Province of northeastern China, Shengjingornis yangi, gen. et sp. nov., is reported. This new bird possesses the following unique combination of features: a long rostrum, with some teeth in the front; short nasal; slender jugal; Y-shaped furcula, with expanded distal end of the hypocleidum; cake-like sternum, with a low and caudally distributed keel; strut-like and caudally concave coracoid. The derived features of the scapula and the wings suggest a powerful flapping flight capability.     

西昆仑卡拉牙斯卡克Pb——Zn——Cu 多金属矿床控矿构造及成矿模式

运用地质与地球化学方法,对西昆仑卡拉牙斯卡克矿区控矿构造及成矿模式进行了研究。矿床地球化学测试δ34 S 为－ 5. 3‰ ～ － 32. 6‰,206 Pb /204 Pb 为17. 712 ～ 18. 082,207 Pb /204 Pb 为15. 358 ～ 15. 664,208Pb /204Pb 为37. 513 ～ 38. 399。分析显示,泥盆-石炭纪时期深部成矿物质在构造或其他动力的作用下沿区域深大断裂上涌至地表,与碎屑物质共同沉淀形成矿源层。后经主要成分为天水的流体萃取,形成含矿热液,然后在矿区构造系统中运移、富集成矿-即区域构造控制矿源层形成。矿区内低角度逆掩断层( 导矿构造) 和高角度逆冲断层及其派生的次级节理裂隙( 容矿构造) 控制矿体的形成。     

河北省铁矿资源保障能力分析

钢铁行业是河北省的支柱产业, 其发展紧密依赖于铁矿资源, 保障铁矿资源供给安全, 对于河北省钢铁行业乃至国民经济健康发展具有重要的战略意义。本文采用多级模糊综合评判方法, 从发展力和协调力两方面对河北省铁矿资源的保障能力进行了分析研究, 同时对上述两个准则层之下又细分为不同的要素层。分析结果显示, 在发展力方面, 得益于河北省铁矿资源赋存的先天条件, 资源禀赋和开发条件较强; 对环境影响的评价为较差, 应加紧环境的治理和恢复; 在协调力方面, 铁矿产资源转化效率处于较强水平, 说明河北省钢铁工业的技术水平具有一定的优势; 经济协调度处于较差水平, 而社会协调度和环境协调度都处于中等水平。总之, 河北省的铁矿矿产资源禀赋较强, 开发条件较好, 矿产资源能够为矿业的发展提供物质保障, 具有较强的保障能力, 可为河北省钢铁行业的可持续发展提供重要的基础原材料。     

Vibrational mode analysis and heat capacity calculation of K2SiSi3O9-wadeite

The phonon dispersions and vibrational density of state (VDoS) of the K₂SiSi₃O₉-wadeite (Wd) have been calculated by the first-principles method using density functional perturbation theory. The vibrational frequencies at the Brillouin zone center are in good correspondence with the Raman and infrared experimental data. The calculated VDoS was then used in conjunction with a quasi-harmonic approximation to compute the isobaric heat capacity (C _P ) and vibrational entropy ( $S_{298}^{0}$ ), yielding C _P (T) = 469.4(6) ? 2.90(2) × 10³  T ^?0.5 ? 9.5(2) × 10⁶  T ^?2 + 1.36(3) × 10⁹  T ^?3 for the T range of 298–1,000 K and $S_{298}^{0}$  = 250.4 J mol^?1 K^?1. In comparison, these thermodynamic properties were calculated by a second method, the classic Kieffer’s lattice vibrational model. On the basis of the vibrational mode analysis facilitated by the first-principles simulation result, we developed a new Kieffer’s model for the Wd phase. This new Kieffer’s model yielded C _P (T) = 475.9(6) ? 3.15(2) × 10³  T ^?0.5 – 8.8(2) × 10⁶  T ^?2 + 1.31(3) × 10⁹  T ^?3 for the T range of 298–1,000 K and $S_{298}^{0}$  = 249.5(40) J mol^?1 K^?1, which are in good agreement both with the results from our first method containing the component of the first-principles calculation and with some calorimetric measurements in the literature.     

Expansivity and compressibility of wadeite-type K2Si4O9 determined by in situ high T/P experiments, and their implication

Wadeite-type K₂Si₄O₉ was synthesized with a cubic press at 5.4 GPa and 900 °C for 3 h. Its unit-cell parameters were measured by in situ high-T powder X-ray diffraction up to 600 °C at ambient P. The T–V data were fitted with a polynomial expression for the volumetric thermal expansion coefficient (α_T = a ₀ + a ₁ T), yielding a ₀ = 2.47(21) × 10^?5 K^?1 and a ₁ = 1.45(36) × 10^?8 K^?2. Compression experiments at ambient T were conducted up to 10.40 GPa with a diamond-anvil cell combined with synchrotron X-ray radiation. A second-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state was used to fit the P–V data, yielding K _T = 97(3) GPa and V ₀ = 360.55(9) Å³. These newly determined thermal expansion data and compression data were used to thermodynamically calculate the P–T curves of the following reactions: 2 sanidine (KAlSi₃O₈) = wadeite (K₂Si₄O₉) + kyanite (Al₂SiO₅) + coesite (SiO₂) and wadeite (K₂Si₄O₉) + kyanite (Al₂SiO₅) + coesite/stishovite (SiO₂) = 2 hollandite (KAlSi₃O₈). The calculated phase boundaries are generally consistent with previous experimental determinations.     

福建武夷山植被覆盖区遥感地质信息提取

植被覆盖区遥感地质信息提取一直是国内外遥感地质领域的研究重点之一。介绍了利用间接证据链,通过追溯植被冠层温度-气孔阻力-植物水势-根系实际吸水-土壤供水-土壤水分含量,最终以土壤水分含量异常与断裂构造表观特征建立联系。使用TVDI、PDI、MPDI、SPSI遥感土壤水分反演模型提取福建大小矾山地区植被覆盖下的断裂构造信息。     

汶川地震前后川滇及其邻区GPS水平运动演化特征

利用川滇及其邻区2004-2007年、2007-2009年GPS水平运动观测资料,对汶川地震前、震时与震后地壳运动及主要活动断裂带构造变形演化特征、汶川地震可能的同震与震后影响进行了分析.结果表明:2007-2009年汶川震区呈现出显著的右旋逆冲同震变形;大震在一定程度上对甘川交界及其北侧的西秦岭构造区、安宁河—则木河断裂的构造运动有所促进;对鲜水河断裂构造运动总体反映调整影响但对其南段可能有促进作用.     

EH4时频数据联合处理及其在煤矿采空区的应用

煤矿采空区对地面建设工程和人民生命财产构成巨大潜在危害,利用EH4连续电导率剖面仪能对其进行有效识别.目前,EH4数据处理基本依赖于系统自带软件IMAGEM,所得结果一般很难满足资料解释的精度要求,故掌握EH4数据的再处理具有重要意义.对EH4数据进行时频联合处理能够最大化利用地电响应信息:时域数据处理是对原始资料的再认识过程,其基本流程包括时间序列读取、时频转换、功率谱分析和阻抗估算;频域数据处理则是在时域数据处理的基础上,选择合适的反演方案,将所得的高质量频域数据进行反演成图.本文通过对某煤田相关矿区进行大地电磁探测及EH4数据处理,对这些区域的大地电磁响应进行分析,得到高质量频域数据,并利用基于阻尼高斯-牛顿法的正则化反演进行频域数据反演成图及解释,最后得出了合理可靠的地球物理解释,成功圈闭出三处采空区,并在实际回填过程中得到验证,处理结果真实可信.     

民航CT安检设备技术性能检测与评估研究

随着反恐形势的变化和科学技术的发展,X射线计算机断层成像安全检查设备在民用航空安保领域得到越来越多的应用,具有较大的市场潜力,全面开展此类设备的检测与技术性能评估工作刻不容缓。本文针对民航旅客行李安全检查的特点进行理论分析和计算,确立了X射线计算机断层成像安检设备技术参数要求,为建立检测评估标准奠定了基础。     

Identification of the environmentally safe fairway in the South-Western Baltic Sea and Kattegat

Application of the preventive techniques for the optimisation of fairways in the south-western Baltic Sea and the Kattegat in terms of protection of the coastal regions against current-driven surface transport of adverse impacts released from vessels is considered. The techniques rely on the quantification of the offshore domains (the points of release of adverse impacts) in terms of their ability to serve as a source of remote, current-driven danger to the nearshore. An approximate solution to this inverse problem of current-driven transport is obtained using statistical analysis of a large pool of Lagrangian trajectories of water particles calculated based on velocity fields from the Denmark’s Meteorological Institute (DMI)/BSH cmod circulation model forced by the DMI-HIRHAM wind fields for 1990–1994. The optimum fairways are identified from the spatial distributions of the probability of hitting the coast and for the time (particle age) it takes for the pollution to reach the coast. In general, the northern side of the Darss Sill area and the western domains of the Kattegat are safer to travel. The largest variations in the patterns of safe areas and the properties of pollution beaching occur owing to the interplay of water inflow and outflow. The gain from the use of the optimum fairways is in the range of 10–30?% in terms of the decrease in the probability of coastal hit within 10?days after pollution release or an increase by about 1–2?days of the time it takes for the hit to occur.