Spatio-temporal analysis of human wellbeing and its coupling relationship with ecosystem services in Shandong province,China

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Rapid economic and social change promotes to improve human wellbeing (HW), but poses threats to ecosystems and the environment. Studying the coupling relationship...     

基于行为与结果的土地整治项目绩效评价研究

目前我国土地整治项目绩效评价研究多基于项目实施评价或项目效益评价,缺乏可操作性。该文将实施者的行为过程与实施结果相结合,对土地整治项目绩效评价的内涵及内容进行界定,分别从土地整治项目的实施绩效(包括资金使用、管理规范、工程实施等情况)及效益绩效(包括经济效益、社会效益和生态效益)构建了土地整治项目绩效评价体系,并以河南省两个典型土地整治项目为例进行实证研究。将土地整治项目的实施评价与效益评价相结合,便于较全面地对项目进行绩效评价,所构建的指标体系基本合理。     

南黄海DLC70-3孔晚更新世以来Rb/Zr值特征及环境意义

利用岩心扫描X荧光光谱仪(XRF Core Scanner)对南黄海DLC70-3孔沉积物进行1cm间隔的元素扫描测试。钻孔沉积物中陆源元素Rb和Zr相对含量垂向变化具有极好的分层性,Rb和Zr相对含量在不同粒级中变化较大,Rb在细粒中的含量较高,而Zr则在粗粒级中富集;Rb/Zr值可以反映沉积物中黏土矿物和石英、长石的相对含量变化。研究认为DLC70-3孔沉积物的Rb/Zr值受到海平面变化和源区气候变化共同控制,其中源区的气候变化为主要控制因素,而海平面变化主要影响26.50~38.00m(MIS 4)层位粗粒级沉积物的Rb/Zr值。Rb/Zr值显示在MIS 5和MIS 3期源区化学风化作用较强,与内陆黄土高原地区夏季风和化学风化指标的变化趋势一致,尤其是在MIS 3早期(40~60ka)记录的化学风化作用非常强,反映了黄河流域地区出现强夏季风降雨过程。     

一种多传感器融合事件识别算法

针对传感器网络中事件识别存在的误判问题,提出一种新的多传感器融合事件识别算法。算法通过对网络中产生的事件识别数据,进行统一的变换处理,建立可实时更新的基于概率的事件识别规则。算法有效提高了事件识别的成功率,利用实测数据进行仿真试验,验证了算法的有效性。     

Use of calcein and alizarin red S for immersion marking of black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii juveniles

Black rockfi sh Sebastes schlegelii juveniles(30–40 mm total length) were immersed in a range of calcein(CAL) solutions at concentrations ranging from 50 to 250 mg/L and alizarin red S(ARS) solutions at concentrations ranging from 100 to 500 mg/L in fi ltered seawater(salinity 30) for 24 h. Fluorescent marks were detected in otoliths(sagittae, asteriscus), scales, fi n rays(dorsal, pectoral, ventral, anal, and caudal fi n rays), and fi n spines(dorsal, ventral, and anal fi n spines) after a 60-d growth experiment. With the exception of 50–100 mg/L CAL, acceptable marks were produced in the otoliths and fi n spines by all concentrations of CAL and ARS. In particular, marks were clearly visible under normal light in the sagittae, asteriscus, and fi n spines of fi sh immersed in 200–500 mg/L, 300–500 mg/L, and 200–500 mg/L ARS, respectively. Scales and fi n rays had acceptable marks at much higher concentrations(≥50 mg/L CAL, ≥300 mg/L ARS for scales and ≥50 mg/L CAL, ≥200 mg/L ARS for fi n rays). The mark quality was highest(i.e., acceptable marks were observed in all sampled structures after immersion marking) in fi sh immersed in 150–250 mg/L CAL or 300–500 mg/L ARS. In addition, there was no signifi cant difference in survival and growth of marked fi sh compared with controls 60 d post-marking( P 0.05).     

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黄土高原β中尺度致洪暴雨特征及成因

利用MICAPS资料、多普勒气象雷达资料和NCEP资料等,对2012年7月26日20:00至27日20:00黄土高原发生的一次β中尺度致洪暴雨过程的特征及成因做了分析。结果表明:近地层能量比低值舌的活动是两次强降水产生的触发机制之一;暴雨过程两个强降水时段都对应邻近暴雨区的北方1 km以内的边界层大于20 m·s~(-1)偏东风相对风暴气流的建立,而邻近暴雨区的北方1 km以内的边界层大于15 m·s~(-1)偏东风相对风暴气流减弱消失、或范围大幅度缩小,则对应强降水的减弱或停止;涡度收支分析表明,第一次强降水前,由于水平平流项的作用在300 hPa附近形成很强的负涡度收支;第二次强降水前,主要是扭转项和垂直输送项的作用,同时在450~300 hPa形成很强的正涡度收支;视热源与视水汽汇分析表明:第一次强降水前,视热源在300 hPa附近出现比较强的冷却层;第二次强降水前,800~500 hPa视水汽汇远大于视热源,形成正的加热层;500~200 hPa视热源远大于视水汽汇,形成峰值接近11 K·(6 h)~(-1)的很强的加热层;而在200~130 hPa由于视热源的作用,形成冷却层。     

海水温盐垂直结构的声反射回波模型及应用

基于等时厚分层假设,建立海水温盐垂直结构的声反射回波计算模型,并对实际海洋层结状态的声反射回波特征进行了详细分析。结果表明:声反射回波幅度变化的位置和海水介质温盐梯度变化不为零的位置一致,回波幅度和梯度变化幅度成正比;而回波的极性反映了梯度变化的趋势。将该模型用于反演试验,能够直接得到海水温、盐垂直结构反演结果,效果较好,克服了以往反演算法中不便于密度和声速分离的缺点。     

一种基于AHM的气象服务满意度模糊评价方法

提出了一种基于AHM的气象服务满意度的模糊评价方法。该方法通过建立气象服务满意度评价模型、构建判断矩阵、计算属性权重及模糊评判矩阵等步骤得到最终评价向量,并根据最终评价向量获取最大隶属度评价等级,从而实现气象服务满意度的模糊评价。最后,结合气象服务问卷调查的相关数据,验证了方法的可行性。     

Structures and antiviral activities of butyrolactone derivatives isolated from Aspergillus terreus MXH-23

A new butyrolactone derivative, namely butyrolactone VIII(1), and six known butyrolactones(2-7) were separated from the ethyl acetate(Et OAc) extract of the fermentation broth of a fungus, Aspergillus terreus MXH-23. The chemical structures of these metabolites were identified by analyzing their nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) and mass spectrometry(MS). Known butyrolactone derivatives contain an α,β-unsaturated γ-lactone ring with α-hydroxyl and γ-benzyl, and butyrolactone VIII(1) was the first butyrolactones contains α-benzyl and γ-hydroxyl on α,β-unsaturated lactone ring. All of the butyrolactone derivatives were tested for their anti-influenza(H1N1) effects. Derivatives 4 and 7 showed moderate antiviral activities while the newly-identified, derivative 1, did not.