浙江长兴二叠系和三叠系界限地层的碳同位素

研究海相碳酸盐岩的碳和氧同位素已有三十多年,积累了数千个数据,其目的在于研究古海洋碳和氧同位素的演变。在此期间,一部分研究者认为,海相碳酸盐岩的δ¹³C值在0±2范围内变化,未表现出与地质时代相关的变化趋势(Clayton和Degens,1959;Degens和Epstein,1962;Keith和Weber,1964;Galimov,1965;Becker和Clayton,1972;Schidlowski等,1975)。但是,另一些学者,如Jeffery等(1955),Baertschi(1975),Compston(1960),Weber(1967),Garrels和Parry(1974)却认为,海相碳酸盐岩的δ¹³C值随地质时代而有规律地变化。     

吉南古元古代集安群泥质变质岩P—T—t轨迹及其地质意义

吉南古元古代分布区大地构造划分为辽吉裂谷系和浑江裂陷槽，集安群是辽吉裂谷系早期产物。泥质变质岩呈北东向分布于裂谷带内，经历了形成期后的中高级变质作用。本文在岩石建造、地质构造等研究基础上，通过变质作用研究，利用变质石榴石环带分析方法，建立了集安泥质变质岩Ｐ－Ｔ－ｔ轨迹。该轨迹表明集安群形成以来经历了两次拉张变质作用。在变质作用动态过程中，泥质原岩发生变质变形，Ｐ－Ｔ－ｔ轨迹反映了该区古元古代地质演     

云南岔河铜矿成矿时代与成因

早元古界岔河变质岩中铜矿石黄铜矿的Ｐｂ－Ｐｂ等时线年龄为９５１±３６Ｍａ，属于晋宁运动早期的成矿作用。矿石稀土分配模式与围岩相似，二者均以富轻稀土为特征，Ｅｕ轻微亏损，矿床成因与含铜变质岩系有关。黄铜矿的δ３４Ｓ值分布范围为－１２．４７‰－－５．３２‰，平均值为－８．９３‰。含矿岩系形成于近海开放体系中。微量元素研究表明，区域地层Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｓ的丰度较高，比泰勒的地壳丰度值高３－１０倍。Ｃｕ在矿化过程中，变质作用和构造控制有重要意义，地层中的成矿元素在有利的构造部位沉淀，形成浸染状矿化和石英硫化物脉。该矿床属于火山－沉积变质矿床。     

完整资料的地震危险性参数估计及敏感性分析

应用考虑震级不确定笥和资料完整性估计地震危险性参数的极大似然法，分别采用１９４０年和１０７０年至１９９３年完整的地震资料，计算了汾渭地震带及陕南地区的地震危险性参数。结果表明：利用近几十年来的完整地震资料结合研究区历史上发生的最大地震，可以得到较为可靠的地震危险性参数；参数敏感性分析表明，完整震级不确定性对β的影响较小；随震级不确定性的增大地震年发生率减小；在资料完整的前提下，震级下限在一定范围内     

GRADIENT MEASUREMENTS OF METHANE FLUX IN LIN''''AN RICE PADDIES

From July to September of 1990,CH_4 flux measurements were made in Lin'an rice paddies using gradient profiletechniques.Some characteristics of the turbulence structure under the stable conditions have been verified in the surfacelayer according to the in situ measurements.The semi-empirical turbulent parameters β_m,β_h and β_c and their changeswith the stability parameter Ri are given.Observed results indicate that CH_4 flux in the rice-paddy is mainly decided bythe methnogenesis and the process of CH4 transport from internal soils to the atmosphere,and that the CH_4 verticaltransfer is depressed in the stable surface layer.The CH_4 flux shows that its obvious diurnal changes,and the meanCH_4 flux are higher in nighttime and lower in daytime,and the peaks appear at about 2000 BST at night and 0300 BSTin the early morning,respectively.The mean value of CH_4 flux is about 4.18±2.3 mg/m~2 h.     

GRADIENT MEASUREMENTS OF METHANE FLUX IN LIN’AN RICE PADDIES*

From July to September of 1990,CH₄ flux measurements were made in Lin'an rice paddies using gradient profile techniques.Some characteristics of the turbulence structure under the stable conditions have been verified in the surface layer according to the in situ measurements.The semi-empirical turbulent parameters β_m,β_h and β_c and their changes with the stability parameter Ri are given.Observed results indicate that CH₄ flux in the rice-paddy is mainly decided by the methnogenesis and the process of CH₄ transport from internal soils to the atmosphere,and that the CH₄ vertical transfer is depressed in the stable surface layer.The CH₄ flux shows that its obvious diurnal changes,and the mean CH₄ flux are higher in nighttime and lower in daytime,and the peaks appear at about 2000 BST at night and 0300 BST in the early morning,respectively.The mean value of CH₄ flux is about 4.18±2.3 mg/m² h.     

新疆库木库里盆地铜矿地质特征及找矿前景

新疆库木库里盆地砂砾岩型铜矿带位于东昆仑成矿带西段东昆中断裂北侧新生代陆相盆地中 ,与西部且末县嘎其哥洛德和克孜勒小型砂砾岩型铜矿组成近2 0 0km长的大型砂砾岩型铜矿化带。铜矿化赋存于石马沟组上段 (E3 S1)砂岩中。围岩中铜含量一般低于地壳丰度值 ,南部火箭山地区发现有斑岩型铜矿化、昆中结合带也发现规模巨大的铜矿化带 ,它们可能是本区铜矿化的矿源层。铜矿化呈透镜状、似层状 ,剖面上已发现三层铜矿化 ,其中上部铜矿化较好。地表氧化矿石矿物组合简单 ;矿石构造为条带状、浸染状、团块状 ,填隙结构。铜矿化受湖泊三角洲相、三角洲前缘亚相的近岸砂坝、远岸砂坝的砂体控制。     

沉积岩的一种各向异性模型

给出了沉积岩的一种各向异性模型。用一个各向异性参数描述这类材料的固有各向异性，各向异性参数和单轴抗压强度是一个分布函数，其分布用一个微结构张量和加载方向表示。建立了一个描述各向异性沉积岩变形过程的全塑性模型。用该模型对这一些三轴试验进行了模拟，结果表明该模型能有效地描述沉积岩的固有各向异性。     

海潮负荷对自由核章动参数拟合的影响

基于武汉基准台超导重力仪重力潮汐观测资料 ,利用根据不同海潮模型获得的负荷重力改正值对观测数据作海潮改正 ,拟合了地球自由核章动 ( FCN)共振参数。结果表明 FCN的本征周期为 435 .2恒星日 ,品质因子为 4730 ,复共振强度为 ( - 6.34× 1 0 - 4,- 0 .0 9× 1 0 - 4)°/h。不同的海潮模型对 FCN本征周期和共振强度实部计算结果的影响很小 ,差异分别不超过± 1 .6%和± 7.7% ,对品质因子 Q值和共振强度虚部拟合结果的影响非常显著。基于 Ori96全球海潮模型得到的重力改正值可以很好地解释武汉基准台周日重力潮汐观测残差。     

Effects of land-surface heterogeneity upon surface fluxes and turbulent conditions

Summary In this paper, we examine the effects of land-surface heterogeneity on the calculation of surface-energy and momentum fluxes in a meso-scale atmospheric model. A series of numerical experiments has been carried out with a combination of different resolutions for the atmosphere and the land surface, which allows an examination of the aggregation and dynamic effects associated with land-surface heterogeneity. The numerical results show that for a given atmospheric model resolution, increased land-surface resolution leads to better estimates of surface-energy and momentum fluxes, and for a given land-surface resolution, increased atmospheric model resolution also improves the estimates of these fluxes. This latter result contradicts the prevailing view that subgrid variation in atmospheric data plays only a minor role in estimating the fluxes. It is also shown that subgrid land-surface heterogeneity leads to increased turbulent fluctuations. The responsible mechanisms of this effect are both the subgrid variation of surface-energy fluxes and their impact upon the development of convective cells. It is suggested that subgrid atmospheric motions induced by surface heterogeneity may be an important factor which needs to be considered in subgrid closure schemes for atmospheric models. Received August 28, 2000/Revised June 1, 2001