Simulating runoff generation and its spatial correlation with environmental factors in Sancha River Basin: The southern source of the Wujiang River

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Runoff generation is an important part of water retention service, and also plays an important role on soil and water retention. Under the background of the...     

Growth and feeding habits of invasive Pseudorasbora parva in the Chabalang Wetland(Lhasa,China) and its trophic impacts on native fish

In recent years, fish invasion has become one of the main reasons for the decline of nativefish stocks. Pseudorasbora parva is considered one of the major invasive species worldwide. The present study investigated the fish resources of the Chabalang Wetland(Lhasa, Tibet) during dif ferent seasons in2009 and 2013. Four hundred and twelve individuals were subsampled to estimate age, growth, and feeding habit of P. parva. Furthermore, food relationships between P. parva and the native Schizothoracinae fish were also examined. The results revealed a significant shift in species composition and community structure characterized by the disappearance of native fish and outbreak of non-native fish. The percentage of nonnative P. parva in the fish collections significantly increased from 33.64% in 2009 to 64.08% in 2013.The standard length(SL) ranged from 22.00 to 78.71 mm, and their age was 1–5 a. The von Bertalanf fy function was used to model the observed length-at-age data as Lt =112.19(1– e~(-0.1495(t +0.8012))) for females and as Lt =123.12(1– e~(-0.1500(t +0.7132))) for males. The results indicated that P. parva in Tibet has lower growth and mortality rates compared with that from the native ranges. Ninety-seven prey taxa belonging to 9 prey categories were identified in the gut of 38 P. parva. P. parva can be considered a generalized and opportunistic predator, competing with the native fish, especially Schizothorax o'connori, Schizopygopsis younghusbandi younghusbandi, and Ptychobarbus dipogon, for Bacillariophyta and Chironomid larvae.This is an important reason for the decline in native fish population.     

基于套件技术的一站式GIS系统框架结构研究

传统GIS平台在集成应用方面,体量大、费用高、功能大而全,尤其对于非专业用户缺乏性价比,缺乏直接面向用户的专题性解决方案。在开发方面,模块可复用性低、系统扩展性差。针对这些问题,分析服务架构的特点及其模块之间的协作方式,采用套件、总线技术,提出一种基于套件技术的一站式GIS系统框架结构,该框架的套件设计赋予套件层高灵活性,能够在GIS系统中灵活组装以达到设计目的。总线的设计支持功能服务的分散组合,提升系统的可扩展性、伸缩性。总体上实现了一种松散的系统体系结构,支持功能服务的分散组合及可复用,并在实际中得到应用,验证了该框架结构的可行性与科学性。     

一种基于复合金字塔模型的三维模型数据组织方法

针对异构三维模型数据的统一组织和集成管理问题,本文以目前主流金字塔模型、三维场景瓦片的数据组织方法和地图服务规范等相关技术为基础,提出了一种基于复合金字塔模型的三维模型数据组织方法。该方法首先构建覆盖测区的地理格网模型,以此作为异构三维模型数据集成的空间框架。其次,建立三维模型数据与地理格网单元的映射关系,从而构建复合金字塔模型,实现异构三维模型数据的统一管理。最后,在数据结构上对现有数据格式进行扩展,设计了一种面向网络传输的数据格式储存三维模型数据,完成异构三维模型数据的一体化存储。试验结果表明,该方法能够实现异构三维模型数据统一组织与集成管理。     

北斗三号全球导航卫星系统全球广播电离层延迟修正模型(BDGIM)应用性能评估

2020年6月23日,我国北斗三号全球导航卫星系统正式完成星座全球组网.北斗三号全球导航卫星系统采用新一代全球广播电离层延迟修正模型(BDGIM),为用户提供电离层延迟改正服务.本文利用高精度全球电离层格网(GIM)以及实测BDS/GPS数据提供的电离层TEC作为参考,从延迟改正精度及北斗单频伪距单点定位应用、模型系数...     

海洋毒素大田软海绵酸完全抗原的制备与分析

为了建立大田软海绵酸(Okadaic acid,0A)的免疫学检测方法,利用活泼酯法将OA分子中的羧基与栽体蛋白上的氨基偶联,人工制备OA的免疫抗原(OA-IgG)和检测抗原(OA-BSA),经电泳、动物实验及ELISA法进行了鉴定,完全抗原的偶联成功,为利用杂交瘤技术制备OA的单克隆抗体和海产品OA免疫学检测方法奠定了良好的基础.     

黏粒和有机质对黄河口潮间带沉积物微团聚体的影响

微团聚体是形成沉积物结构的基本单元,沉积物的结构性影响了土体的稳定性、渗透性和强度等工程地质性质。对废弃黄河口刁口流路潮间带沉积物微团聚体受黏粒含量、有机质和生物黏液等胶结作用进行分析,结果表明,研究区沉积物多团聚成粉粒级微团聚体(0.05～0.01 mm),含量在85.3%～95.8%之间,与黄土高原土相比,0.05～0.01 mm微团聚体增加,而0.1～0.05 mm微团聚体减少,团聚性差,易于侵蚀;黏粒含量与团聚度表现出显著正相关性,说明黏粒含量增加了沉积物微团聚体的稳定性;沉积物中有机质含量在0.27%～0.61%之间,有机质含量较少,对沉积物微团聚体贡献少;生物扰动的螃蟹洞壁土、螃蟹掘出物的团聚度明显大于表层未受生物扰动土的团聚度,说明螃蟹分泌的黏液能加大微团聚体的稳定性。     

胶州湾增养殖海域营养状况与赤潮形成的初步研究

根据对胶州湾女姑山增养殖海域1998年5月～9月的连续监测资料,参照潜在性富营养化的概念,应用NQI指数对该海域的营养状况进行分析。认为该海域水质富营养化是7月3～8日Skeletonemacostatum和Biddulphiaaurita混合型赤潮形成的基础,磷、硅营养盐的消耗是赤潮消亡的主要原因;赤潮消亡之后浮游植物群落发生演替,水体叶绿素a仍保持较高含量,NQI指数也相应较高,水质表现为磷限制潜在性富营养化,由于磷酸盐的限制没有发展为赤潮。     

海洋防灾减灾信息共享的现状、问题和对策

为加快海洋防灾减灾信息共享,有力支撑海洋防灾减灾决策,文章概述我国海洋防灾减灾信息共享现状,分析存在的体制机制问题,并提出对策建议。研究结果表明;我国海洋防灾减灾工作的信息支撑主要包括海洋和气象观测监测信息、海洋预报信息、海洋防灾减灾对象及其主体信息以及救灾措施和政策法规信息,通过全国海洋科学数据共享平台等实现信息共享;针对目前海洋防灾减灾信息共享在组织领导机构、统筹规划协调、标准规范和技术支撑、服务意识以及专业人才等体制机制方面存在的不足,亟须组建信息管理机构、构建标准规范体系、开发信息共享平台、提高共享服务意识、培养专业技术队伍和实施考核激励办法。     

The Characteristic Patterns of Macrofaunal Fouling Assemblages in Nearshore Waters of the South China Sea

The spatio-temporal patterns of macrofaunal fouling assemblages were quantitatively investigated in the nearshore waters of the South China Sea. The work was undertaken by deploying seasonal panels at two sites (H-site, L-site) for one year, and the fouling communities on the panels were examined and analyzed. The results indicated that species composition of assemblages was obviously different between the two sites. At both sites the assemblages were characteristic with solitary dominant species throughout the year, with Amphibalanus reticulates dominating at H-site and Hydroides elegans at L-site. Shannon index and biomass of the assemblages varied with depth and season at both sites. At H-site the total biomass in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in spring and winter, while at L-site the assemblage biomass also differed significantly among the four seasons, and the greatest biomass occurred at the depth of 2.0 m in winter. The abundance of all seasonal samples in non-metric multidimensional scaling was clustered as one group at L-site and three groups at H-site. The environmental factors were more likely to be related to the variation of fouling assemblages. Furthermore, it also suggests that in tropical seas the integrated adaptability would qualify a species for dominating a fouling assemblage despite its short life cycle, rather than the usually assumed only species with long life span. This study reveals the complexity and characteristic dynamics of macrofaunal fouling assemblages in the tropical habitats, and the results would provide valuable knowledge for biodiversity and antifouling research.