陕西镇安太平沟发现类铜镍硫化物矿化

1 研究目的(Objective) 近年来,南秦岭镇安西部整装勘查区地质找矿工作取得了重大发现与进展,使该区一跃成为陕西省找矿热点地区之一,陆续发现了一系列矿床(点),主要矿种有钨、金、银、铜、铅锌等,尤其是钨矿、铜(金)矿床(点)的发现及勘查,不仅丰富了南秦岭内生矿产的矿种类型,也提升了在南秦岭开展进一步找矿勘查的信...     

An accessible seismological dataset of 2021 Yangbi MS6.4 earthquake

A M_S6.4 earthquake occurred on 21 May 2021 in Yangbi county, Dali prefecture, Yunnan, China, at 21: 48 Beijing Time (13: 48 UTC). Earthquakes with an M3.0 or higher occurred before and after the main shock. Seismic data analysis is essential for the in-depth investigation of the 2021 Yangbi M_S6.4 earthquake sequence and the seismotectonics of northwestern Yunnan. Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration (CEA), has compiled a dataset of seismological observations from 157 broadband stations located within 500 km of the epicenter, and has made this dataset available to the earthquake science research community. The dataset (total file size: 329 GB) consists of event waveforms with a sampling frequency of 100 sps collected from 18 to 28 May 2021, 20-Hz and 100-Hz continuous waveforms collected from 12 to 31 May 2021, and seismic instrument response files. To promote data sharing, the dataset also includes the seismic event waveforms from 20 to 22 May 2021 recorded at 50 stations of the ongoing Binchuan Active Source Geophysical Observation Project, for which the data protection period has not expired. Sample waveforms of the main shock are included in the appendix of this article and can be downloaded from the Earthquake Science website. The event and continuous waveforms are available from the Earthquake Science Data Center website (www.esdc.ac.cn) on application.     

基于GIS广州市主城区地面塌陷危险性评价

地面塌陷是珠江三角洲城市地质灾害的主要类型之一。广州市主城区地面塌陷频繁发生且损失严重。采用信息量数学模型与GIS技术结合对其地面塌陷灾害进行危险性评价。选取了断裂构造、地壳稳定性、第四系覆盖层厚度、基岩岩性、地下水动力条件、地表人类活动强度和地下活动强度等7个指标中的21个变量构建了危险性评价指标体系,应用ArcGIS软件参与了数据的采集、管理、分析和评价结果表达等过程,将广州市地面塌陷灾害危险性分为极不稳定级、不稳定级、次不稳定级、基本稳定级和稳定级5个等级,极不稳定级主要分布在主城区西北角,次不稳定级分布面积最广。研究结果表明:复杂的地质环境和剧烈的人类活动相耦合,加剧了地面塌陷的发生。     

土地利用模式比较计划(LUMIP)简评

为进一步促进土地利用和土地覆盖变化（Land-Use and Land-Cover Change,LULCC）以及土地管理对气候影响的理解,第六次国际耦合模式比较计划（CMIP6）设立了土地利用模式比较计划（LUMIP）。该计划主要包括两个阶段的试验设计：第一阶段涉及理想的毁林情景耦合试验和陆面模式模拟试验,旨在促进LULCC对气候影响过程的理解,并量化模式对LULCC的敏感性。第二阶段的试验重点关注土地利用变化的历史影响,以及未来土地管理决策在减缓气候变化方面的潜力。本文概述了其科学背景、试验设计和方案、参与模式情况等,并简评了该计划的研究意义和特色,以期读者迅速了解其相关的研究要点和发展方向。     

东亚地区气象参数卫星遥感反演理论和方法研究Ⅱ:ISPRM和VSPRM2

在改进的同步物理模式（ＩＳＰＲＭ）实践基础上,根据泛函数变分原理,按ＴＯＶＳ遥感方程,提出了较普遍的变分同步物理反演模式（ＶＳＰＲＭ２）,其一级功能（ＶＳＰＲＭ１）和ＩＳＰＲＭ完全相同。ＶＳＰＲＭ从协合（ｓｙｎｅｒｇｙ）遥感反演机理,进一步拓宽和发展了ＩＳＰＲＭ模式。分析了ＶＳＰＲＭ２模式性能,指出这类模式的反演潜力。特别着重分析了模式的水汽核函数参数化和水汽遥感反演问题。针对这类非适定反问题的强欠定性质,为妥善使用先验信息,以获得精确的正演辐射率Ｒ。,还对透射率精确计算,低层温、湿廓线反演通道最佳选择和云层影响修正的改进作了进一步分析。经过长期业务运行条件反演比较实验,结果表明改进的物理反演方法（ＩＳＰＲＭ）是适于中国大陆包括青藏高原温、湿参数分布的反演方法,特别在有云条件下能反演出温、湿廓线。     

江南断裂构造属性及成生环境初探

江南断裂作为江南隆起带北缘边界的区域性断裂,时空变形特点表现为前燕山期非造山性质的沉积相突变带和燕山期具造山性质的构造变形带。突变带内同生角砾岩仅具相带划分意义。构造变形带内江南断裂中浅层宏观总体表现逆冲断层;地质证据和ESR年龄证据表明断裂作用起始于燕山早期,持续至喜山早期;宏微观构造、包体测温和差异应力等综合研究显示断层总体处于脆性、低温、低差异应力构造变形环境。但江南断裂现今中浅层主要变形形迹和成生条件所表现的构造属性与空间断层性质不相对应,原因可能与中浅层构造变形样式、基底变形特征及区域应力作用特点有关。     

Using Airgun Source Signals to Study Regional Wave Velocity Changes before and after the Yunlong MS5.0 and Yangbi MS5.1 Earthquakes

On the basis of the airgun source signals recorded by the stations from January, 2016 to June, 2017, we use cross-correlation detection technology to obtain the characteristics of the stable phase travel time change of each station. We used the Yunlong M_S5.0 and Yangbi M_S5.1 earthquakes as samples. According to regional characteristics, 13 stations with high signal-to-noise ratios and complete data were selected (including 3 fixed stations and 10 active source stations). They are divided into four regions, and on the basis of the GNSS baseline data, the characteristics of regional wave velocity changes before and after the earthquake are analyzed. The results show that the station phase travel time change and the regional stress characteristics represented by the GNSS baseline data have good correlation in the short-term. Due to different degrees of regional stress, there are differences in the travel time changes of different stations in the four regions. Before the Yunlong M_S5.0 and Yangbi M_S5.1 earthquakes, with regional stress adjustment, there is an upward trend in the travel time changes of related stations in the adjacent areas of up to 0.02s. The difference is that there are differences in the time nodes and duration of the travel time anomalies, and there is a reverse descent process after the Yangbi M_S5.1 earthquake. There are different degrees of travel time fluctuations in the relevant stations before and after the two earthquakes, but the fluctuation range before and after the earthquake was small. Compared with the water level change of the reservoir, the adjustment of the regional stress is more likely to have a substantial impact on the travel time changes of the relevant stations.     

FY-1C CAVHRR归一化植被指数（NDVI）衰减订正方法研究

利用FY-1C连续3年的CAVHRR资料，以敦煌辐射校正场为分析区，分析了CAVHRR可见光、近红外通道的通道衰减特征，开展了归一化植被指数（NDVI）衰减订正方法研究及衰减订正试验。分析结果表明，FY-1C可见光通道1的衰减使FY-1C全球及区域NDVI的分布特征出现不合理。以敦煌辐射校正场为参考目标，借助敦煌目标区通道反射率长时间变化特征分析，可以建立NDVI的时变订正模型，有效订正通道衰减引起的NDVI的不合理性。利用敦煌NDVI值稳定不变的特性得到的FY-1C扫描辐射计通道1更新定标系数，与2000年9月中国辐射校正场外定标试验结果一致。研究结果有助于提高FY-1C可见光、近红外通道遥感资料在环境遥感监测方面的定量应用精度。     

利用NOAA卫星HIRS探测器监测东亚地区辐射收支的研究

地球－大气系统的辐射收支是描述地球和宇宙空间能量交换的重要参量，也只有从卫星平台才能直接观测大气顶的地球－大气系统的辐射收支。目前，长期的地－气系统射出长波辐射序列资料是从美国ＮＯＡＡ极轨业务气象卫星的甚高分辨率扫描辐射计测量中计算的，精度不能满足气候监测的要求。本文根据美国ＮＯＡＡ卫星高分辨率红外大气探测器（ＨｉｇｈＲｅｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎＩｎｆｒａｒｅｄＳｏｕｎｄｅｒ，缩写为ＨＩＲＳ）测量资料，研究了从中推算地球大气系统辐射收支的方法，并对计算出的１９９１年１月份东亚地区的地－气系统的辐射收支各参量、白天和夜间射出长波辐射差别分别进行了对比分析。结果表明，此方法计算的辐射收支分量，能揭示云和地球－大气系统的辐射分布特征及其分布细节，是进行区域气候研究的有效资料。     

Study of the Simultaneous Physical Retrieval Method for Meteorological Parameters over the Continental Plateau of China

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