天然电场选频法在工程地质勘察快速评价中的应用

简述了天然电场选频方法的原理、计算公式和仪器使用方法，介绍了实测曲线的圆滑和以曲线背景为标准的归一化数据处理。通过在实际工作中的应用例子，说明了该方法在高阻覆盖区手找岩溶洞穴和矿区中浅部采空区，评价工程地质状态，探查隐伏断裂、富水滑坡边界等方面具有快速、轻便、有效的优点。     

冲击旋转钻进技术新发展

冲击旋转钻进技术是一种高效的碎岩方法，近年来随着施工领域的拓宽取得了很大的进步。简要阐述了冲击旋转钻进技术的发展历程，着重介绍了一些冲击器新品种及其相关的钻进新工艺，分析了该项技术的发展趋势。     

海洋天然气水合物的地球物理研究(III):似海底反射

对天然气水合物研究中与似海底反射有关的一些观点进行讨论 ,以推动天然气水合物地震研究的认识 .30年的似海底反射研究表明 ,似海底反射仍然是指示天然气水合物沉积存在的最好手段之一 .有似海底反射 ,是可以认为存在天然气水合物的 .虽然存在“游离气带速度模型”与“水合物楔速度模型” ,但似海底反射主要由天然气水合物稳定带底界下方的游离气引起 .BSR上方的天然气水合物、下方的游离气与天然气再循环和含甲烷的流体流有关 .由于天然气水合物稳定带计算控制因素难以准确确定等因素 ,似海底反射与天然气水合物稳定带底界只是近似的对应关系 .需从动态的观点考虑天然气水合物 天然气体系及其与似海底反射的关系 .     

Discussion on the feature of strong earthquake: Orderly distribution in time, space and intensity before the Western Kunlun Mountain Pass M=8.1 earthquake

Introduction The Western Kunlun Mountain Pass M=8.1 earthquake occurred on November 14, 2001 is the other M=8 earthquake occurred 50 years after Dangxiong, Tibet M=8.0 earthquake in Chinese mainland. The earthquake has caused the attention of the seismologists in the following aspects: 1) The fracture length is more than 400 km, which is far away from the estimated length by the statistic empirical function between the magnitude and the fracture length (WANG, et al, 2002); 2) The aftersh…     

THE SEDIMENTATION AND DREDGING OF GUANTING RESERVOIR

1 INTRODUCTION Guanting Reservoir is located on the Yongding River (a large tributary of the Haihe River) and at the border of Beijing Municipality and Hebei Province. The reservoir receives three tributaries: the Sanggan River with a drainage area of 25,840 km2, the Yanghe River with 16,170 km2, and the Guishui River with 852 km2. The drainage area above the reservoir is 43,402 km2. The reservoir has two arms. The Sanggan River and Yanghe River join the Yongding River at the ups…     

青海北祁连区中三叠世孢粉的发现及其意义

祁连县俄博乡土圈沟、大擦汗沟、柯柯里等剖面的粉砂岩、砂质页岩、泥质页岩岩层之中，首次发现丰富的孢粉化石，计39属74种(其中包括1新种)，疑源类8属9种。推出Verrucosisporites(8．6％)-Triadispora(2％)-Trematosphaeridium(7．2％)的孢粉组合。该孢粉组合面貌应归于中三叠世Anisian期。它的发现为该套地层的进一步研究与合理归属提供了最新成果。     

Asymmetric one‐storey elastic systems with non‐linear viscous and viscoelastic dampers: Simplified analysis and supplemental damping system design

Investigated is the accuracy in estimating the response of asymmetric one‐storey systems with non‐linear viscoelastic (VE) dampers by analysing the corresponding linear viscous system wherein all non‐linear VE dampers are replaced by their energy‐equivalent linear viscous dampers. The response of the corresponding linear viscous system is determined by response history analysis (RHA) and by response spectrum analysis (RSA) extended for non‐classically damped systems. The flexible and stiff edge deformations and plan rotation of the corresponding linear viscous system determined by the extended RSA procedure is shown to be sufficiently accurate for design applications with errors generally between 10 and 20%. Although similar accuracy is also shown for the ‘pseudo‐velocity’ of non‐linear VE dampers, the peak force of the non‐linear VE damper cannot be estimated directly from the peak damper force of the corresponding linear viscous system. A simple correction for damper force is proposed and shown to be accurate (with errors not exceeding 15%). For practical applications, an iterative linear analysis procedure is developed for determining the amplitude‐ and frequency‐dependent supplemental damping properties of the corresponding linear viscous system and for estimating the response of asymmetric one‐storey systems with non‐linear VE dampers from the earthquake design (or response) spectrum. Finally, a procedure is developed for designing non‐linear supplemental damping systems that satisfy given design criteria for a given design spectrum. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

青藏铁路抛石路基的温度特性研究

铁路道渣和片石铺层的对流换热为多孔介质的热传导问题，根据多孔介质中流体热对流的连续性方程、动量方程和能量方程，应用伽辽金法导出了多孔介质对流换热的有限元公式，并对抛石路基和传统道渣路基在未来25a创温度变化进行了预报分析和比较．计算结果表明，在150cm的抛石厚度，片石直径为10cm，年温度较差30℃的倩况下，在路基中心线y＝一5m处，抛石路基下的冻土温度要比传统路基的温度低2．45℃，抛石路基有对其下面的冻土提供冷能的制冷作用，可以保证冻土路基的稳定．因此，推荐该种路基作为青藏铁路高温冻土区的路基结构，可以最大限度地保护冻土区的铁路．     

6 000 a BP以来长江下游地区古洪水与气候变化关系初步研究

通过对埋藏古树、泥炭、以及海相贝壳测年资料进行搜集和整理，结果表明：长江下游地区6000 a BP以来古洪水的发生与气候变化有着密切的联系。由于长江下游地区地势低平这一地貌特点，使得海面变化对于研究区洪水发生有着重要的影响，气候变化导致的海面上升对长江下游河段径流的顶托作用导致河流上溯以及地面排水不畅，致使洪水发生频率加大以及洪水危害的程度加强，出现“小水大灾”的现象，长江三角洲地区古洪水发生频率与美洲地区古洪水发生频率的对比研究表明，长江三角地区乃至整个长江流域在大的气候变化趋势上与全球其它地区是相似的，既有全球气候变化特点的同时又具有区域响应的特点，这对于未来研究区洪水发生的预测有着重要意义。     

铁路碎石道碴层导热系数测试研究

采用稳态比较法，对铁路碎石道碴层的导热系数进行了测试．试验在常温条件下，分别对底部加热及顶部加热两种情况进行了研究．结果表明：当碎石道碴层顶、底面之间的温差较小时，顶部加热及底部加热两种试验条件下测得的导热系数基本相同；而当碎石道碴层顶、底面温差较大时，底部加热条件下的导热系数明显地大于顶部加热条件下的导热系数．在底部加热条件下，碎石道碴层的导热系数随温差的增大而逐渐增大．碎石道碴层具有吸热和放热条件下传热的不对称性，合理地利用碎石道碴层的这一传热特性，可望对路基下多年冻土起到积极的保护作用。