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961.
962.
Zhang Leiming Yu Guirui Sun Xiaomin Wen Xuefa Ren Chuanyou Song Xia Liu Yunfen Guan Dexin Yan Junhua Zhang Yiping 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(2):47-62
The long-term and continuous carbon fluxes of Changbaishan temperate mixed forest (CBS), Qianyanzhou subtropical evergreen coniferous forest (QYZ), Dinghushan subtropical evergreen mixed forest (DHS) and Xishuangbana tropical rainforest (XSBN) have been measured with eddy covariance techniques. In 2003, different responses of carbon exchange to the environment appeared across the four ecosystems. At CBS, the carbon exchange was mainly determined by radiation and temperature. 0°C and 10°C were two important temperature thresholds; the former determined the length of the growing season and the latter affected the magnitude of carbon exchange. The maximum net ecosystem exchange (N EE) of CBS occurred in early summer because maximum ecosystem photosynthesis (G PP) occurred earlier than maximum ecosystem respiration (R e). During summer, QYZ experienced severe drought and N EE decreased significantly mainly as a result of the depression of G PP. At DHS and XSBN, N EE was higher in the drought season than the wet season, especially the conversion between carbon sink and source occurring during the transition season at XSBN. During the wet season, increased fog and humid weather resulted from the plentiful rainfall, the ecosystem G PP was dispressed. The Q 10 and annual respiration of XSBN were the highest among the four ecosystems, while the average daily respiration of CBS during the growing season was the highest. Annual N EE of CBS, QYZ, DHS and XSBN were 181.5, 360.9, 536.2 and ?320.0 g·C·m?2·a?1, respectively. From CBS to DHS, the temperature and precipitation increased with the decrease in latitude. The ratio of N EE/R e increased with latitude, while R e/G PP, ecosystem light use efficiency (L UE), precipitation use efficiency and average daily G PP decreased gradually. However, XSBN usually escaped such latitude trend probably because of the influence of the south-west monsoon climate which does not affect the other ecosystems. Long-term measurement and more research were necessary to understand the adaptation of forest ecosystems to climate change and to evaluate the ecosystem carbon balance due to the complexity of structure and function of forest ecosystems. 相似文献
963.
Spatiotemporal variations of P species and adsorption behavior in water column, interstitial water, and sediments were investigated in the large shallow eutrophic Lake Chaohu. Orthophosphate (Ortho-P) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations were significantly higher in the western part than in the eastern part of the lake, due to different nutrient inputs from the surrounding rivers. Moreover, particulate phosphorus (PP) concentration was in a similar spatial pattern to Ortho-P and TP concentrations, and also showed significantly positive correlation with the biomass of Microcystis, indicating more uptake and store of phosphorus by Microcystis than by other algae. Increase of pH and intensive utilization of P by phytoplankton were the main factors promoting P (especially Fe-P) release from the sediment to interstitial water during the cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Chaohu. Spatial dynamics in TP concentration, P species and adsorption behavior of the sediment, coupled with the statistical analyses, suggested that the spatial heterogeneity of P contents in the sediment was influenced by various factors, e.g. human activities, soil geochemistry and mineral composition. In spite of similar TP contents in the sediments, increase in proportion of Fe-P concentration in the sediment may result in a high risk of P release. 相似文献
964.
针对单基站RTK技术代替全站仪导线测量的方法,从理论结合实际的角度,以河南理工大学新校区为试验区,通过RTK测量与全站仪导线测量的精度对比分析,得出一些对实际生产有参考意义的结论。 相似文献
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966.
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968.
利用2007年1月至2009年1月COSMIC掩星湿空气数据,基于相对湿度廓线出入云层时发生突变反演云边界高度的思想,统计分析了东亚地区云厚的分布特征。结果表明,掩星最低探测高度集中在3km以下,主要影响部分中云和低云云厚的反演。云发生概率沿纬度和经度方向呈现不同的分布特征,各类云概率随高度也有不同的变化规律。东亚地区所有云的平均厚度为1.78km,其中单层云和顶层云分布相似,双层云与其他云层的地理差异不大,单层云在春秋季分布相对均匀,而在夏冬季差异较大。夏季和冬季顶层云云顶高与云厚的二维频率分布各异,主要在于夏季有更多云体较厚且位于对流层上部的高云存在。 相似文献
969.
结合空间数据库、GIS、计算机图形学、RS等技术构建了虚拟现实地理信息系统。通过研究地形数据的生成及空间数据库的存储管理,实现了遥感影像的自动配准及无缝拼接;基于四叉树的LOD算法、地形节点评价系统、动态调度及大规模纹理映射等技术的研究,实现了地形数据的3维可视化;提出了自适应特征数据覆盖渲染算法,将2维GIS特征数据覆盖叠加到所创建的3维模型上,构建了虚拟现实环境。该系统成功应用于胜利油田,实现了地下油田的虚拟现实3维可视化,具有一定的理论价值和现实意义。 相似文献
970.
空间聚类分析是空间数据挖掘的主要方法之一,旨在发现海量数据中潜在的空间分布模式和异常特征。此处采用空间聚类分析和多尺度分析相结合的策略对海温进行多尺度气候分区。首先,针对气候时间序列特征和异常区域特征,提出一种顾及异常区域的多尺度分区方法;进而,分别采用传统方法和新方法对海温进行多尺度气候分区,通过比较分析发现新方法更优越;最后,利用气候指数对分区结果进行验证,说明新方法是有效的。 相似文献