长春黄土状土的水文、工程地质特性及降水方案的确定

在镜下对长春黄土状土的微观结构进行研究，发现第三层粉质粘土含水机制在于土中具有纵横交织的空洞和管道，地下水赋存于其中；第二层棕红色粉质粘土和粘土的崩解性在于该层土具有网状裂隙，卸荷后遇水崩解，在此基础上提出基坑降水的设计方案。     

Application research of narrow band Internet of things buoy and surface hydrodynamics monitoring

This paper applies the narrow band Internet of things communication technology to develop a wireless network equipment and communication system, which can quickly set up a network with a radius of 100 km on water surface. A disposable micro buoy based on narrow-band Internet of things and Beidou positioning function is also developed and used to collect surface hydrodynamic data online. In addition, a web-based public service platform is designed for the analysis and visualization of the data collected by buoys. Combined with the satellite remote sensing data, the study carries a series of marine experiments and studies such as sediment deposition tracking and garbage floating tracking.     

Li_2O-(Mg、Zn、Ni)O-V_2O_5三元体系的相平衡

对Li_2O-(Mg、Zn、Ni)O-V_2O_5三元体系在500—800℃相图的研究表明,在每个系统内部都出现了一个依端员组分摩尔比为1:2:1的化合物。即橄榄石型的LiMgVO_4,硅铍石型的LiZnVO_4和尖晶石型的LiNiVO_4。不同的是,Li_2O-MgO-V_2O_5中发现了第二个三元相和一个固溶体。LiO_2-NiO-V_2O_6中得出一个固溶体,而LiZnNO_4中未得固溶体。     

塔里木盆地原油的轻烃分类及成因研究

通过对塔里木盆地不同地区不同层位205个原油样品的色谱分析研究,应用其轻烃的组分作关系图,将塔里木盆地原油划分为海相油(A)、湖相油(B)和煤成油(C)三大类。海相烃源岩中过渡金属及其配位体结构有利于五环优势,导致其生成的海相原油(A)具五环优势;陆相烃源岩中过渡金属及其配位体结构有利于三环优势和六环优势,导致其生成的陆相原油(B,C)具三环优势和六环优势。应用正庚烷值与异庚烷值作关系图,将塔里木盆地原油划分为海相油(A)、陆相油(B+C)两大类。海相油(A)沿脂肪族干酪根曲线分布,陆相油(B+C)大多沿芳香族干酪根曲线分布。对于同类烃源岩,随着埋深和压力不断增加,烃源岩中干酪根自由体积将不断减小,对六环优势抑制最大,对五环优势抑制较大,对三环优势抑制较小,对直接裂解抑制最小,导致其生成的原油中正庚值和异庚烷值随埋深增加而增加。     

煤的变质程度对焦炭结构构造的影响

从宏观和微观两方面对不同变质程度煤所形成焦炭的结构、构造进行了深入研究。从气煤到肥煤阶段（Ｒｏ，ｍ：０．７７％～１．１６％），焦炭气孔壁厚度逐渐增大；进入焦煤阶段（Ｒｏ，ｍ＞１．１６％），焦炭气孔壁厚度降低。气煤、１３焦煤形成的焦炭结构以各向同性体为主，焦煤、肥煤炼出的焦炭以粒状镶嵌结构为主。由气煤和高变质程度的焦煤形成的焦炭，其气孔以微孔和大孔为主，气孔分布标准差Ｄｓ最大；肥煤炼出的焦炭，其气孔分布大小较均一；１３焦煤和低变质程度的焦煤成焦后，气孔分布状况介于上述二者之间     

Formation Environment of Main Brown Coal Seam in Xi-2 Minefield of Shengli Coalfield Based on Coal Ash Phase Analysis

The formation environment of the main coal seam in Shengli coal mine is analyzed, and the effect of coal ash parameters on the coal-forming environment is mainly discussed according to gray component parameters combined with other coal quality test analysis data. Results show that the hydrodynamic conditions of the main coal during coal accumulation have a general pattern of strong northeast and weak southwest, and lakeside swamp is generally in the retrograde process from south to north. The No.5 coal seam is a water entry cycle, and the No.5_lower coal is a water withdrawal cycle. The No.6 thick coal seam is formed in the peat swamp environment where the water is shallow and the groundwater activity is weak. The input of terrestrial debris material was most abundant in the formation period of No.5_lower coal, followed by No.5 coal, and that in No.6 coal is the least. Vertically, the peat swamp environment changed from weak reduction to weak oxidation to strong reducing environment. The ash yield was low to high to low from bottom to top. The organic sulfur is the main type of sulfur in the main coal seam. The weaker the hydrodynamic condition, the higher the organic sulfur content in the reduction environment, while lower organic sulfur content in the oxidation environment. The peat swamp water of No.5_lower coal is medium alkaline, and the peat swamp water of No.5 and No. 6 coals is weakly alkaline or acidic.     

硅酸盐固溶体矿物中组分的韵律型空间分布及形成过程中的时-空自组织

本文根据熔体聚合模型和正规溶液模型,建立了非平衡条件下,在二组分硅酸盐熔体固结过程中的非平衡非理想界面反应的非线性动力学模型:对上式进行数值模拟表明,当W/RT<-2时,有三重态,并通过建立界面状态(组成)的质量守恒方程,合理地说明了硅酸盐固溶体矿物韵律结构形成的可能机理之一,寻找界面反应三重态是研究固溶体矿物韵律结构的一条相当普遍的途径。     

登陆北上台风暴雨突发性增强的一种机制研究

采用一个三维混合模式对1992年8月30日至9月2日一次登陆北上台风暴雨过程进行了模拟。模式可以较准确地预报出与地面倒槽相一致的地面降水位置及降水量值。模拟的台风云系结构与卫星云图比较表明,外围云场与实例云况吻合很好,验证了本模式模拟卫星云图的能力,对卫星云图预报有实际意义;暴雨突然增幅的直接原因是高层冰云与低层供水云的突然北移重叠造成的。受地面倒槽附近强烈辐合抬升的动力作用,各相态云系的分布与垂直运动紧密相关;辐合线右侧的东南低空急流为降水的增幅及维持提供水汽来源;云的相变潜热非绝热加热作用对暴雨的增幅及维持具有正反馈作用,它对暴雨维持具有积极贡献。     

气温日较差研究进展:变化趋势及其影响因素

从日较差的变化趋势、影响因素以及人类活动对气候变化影响的指示3个方面对日较差的研究进行了总结和概括。观测数据以及气候模式模拟的结果表明,全球气温日较差在近半个多世纪以来呈下降趋势,而这种下降趋势不仅仅是自然变化的结果,还受到人类活动的影响。辐射、云量、气溶胶、下垫面的变化、水汽、降水以及航迹云等因素都能对日较差的变化造成影响。日较差的"周末效应"以及城市化过程中日较差的变化相对于平均气温的变化,能够更有效地指示人类活动对气候变化的影响。