Numerical Investigation of Submarine Hydrodynamics and Flow Field in Steady Turn

This paper presents numerical simulations of viscous flow past a submarine model in steady turn by solving the Reynolds-Averaged Navier?Stokes Equations (RANSE) for incompressible, steady flows. The rotating coordinate system was adopted to deal with the rotation problem. The Coriolis force and centrifugal force due to the computation in a body-fixed rotating frame of reference were treated explicitly and added to momentum equations as source terms. Furthermore, velocities of entrances were coded to give the correct magnitude and direction needed. Two turbulence closure models (TCMs), the RNG model with wall functions and curvature correction and the Shear Stress Transport (SST) model without the use of wall functions, but with curvature correction and low-Re correction were introduced, respectively. Take DARPA SUBOFF model as the test case, a series of drift angle varying between 0° and 16° at a Reynolds number of 6.53×106 undergoing rotating arm test simulations were conducted. The computed forces and moment as a function of drift angle during the steady turn are mostly in close agreement with available experimental data. Though the difference between the pressure coefficients around the hull form was observed, they always show the same trend. It was demonstrated that using sufficiently fine grids and advanced turbulence models will lead to accurate prediction of the flow field as well as the forces and moments on the hull.     

南海北缘东部盆地油气资源研究

南海北缘东部的珠江口盆地及台西南盆地蕴藏着十分丰富的油气资源，根据区域构造背景、盆地发育分布的特点及中、新生代的油气地质条件，结合含油气构造、油气田、油气井的分布规律，利用油气资源评价的理论、方法，对区内的油气资源进行了综合研究，并按照油气资源状况划分出油气富集区、油气潜力区、油气远景区，在此基础上，再进一步划分出4条油气富集带、11条油气潜力带、8条油气远景带，充分显示了该区石油、天然气的分布规律和油气地质特点，为商业性的勘探开发和理论研究奠定了基础。     

STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ACTIVITY OF MIYALUO FAULT AND WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE SEQUENCE

Under the background of thrusting stress regime, a large number of strike-slip earthquakes occurred on the Miyaluo Fault during the Wenchuan earthquake sequence process, which is in the southern part of the Longmenshan Fault. In order to find the cause of their occurrence, stress tensors in subregions near the Miyaluo Fault are estimated. The result shows that in both north and south side of the Miyaluo Fault, the direction of principal compressive stress is nearly perpendicular to the Longmenshan Fault, and its dip is nearly horizontal, and the direction of tensile stress is nearly vertical. While in the Miyaluo fault zone, the direction of principal compressive stress is SWW-NEE, and its dip is nearly horizontal, the direction of principal tensile stress is NNW-SSE, also its dip is nearly horizontal. It is consistent with sinistral shear stress state in the Miyaluo fault zone. It was referred that the behavior of Miyaluo Fault during the Wenchuan earthquake sequence process was caused by tearing effect generated from unbalanced forces of two sides of the fault. To understand the rupture mode of the aftershocks in subregions as described above, the total seismic moment tensors are estimated by adding the corresponding component separately of the seismic moment tensor of aftershocks in each region. The result shows the similar trend of total seismic moment tensor components in the north and south side of the Miyaluo Fault(indicating the consistency of rupture mode in the north and south side of the Miyaluo Fault), and most seismic moment tensor components in the south side is higher than that in the north side, especially the compression component perpendicular to Longmenshan Fault and expansion component in the vertical direction. It indicates that thrusting component in the southeast direction in the south side is greater than that in the north side, and the thrusting difference causes the sinistral tearing effect of the Miyaluo Fault. We also find that the sinistral tearing component of the Miyaluo Fault is the same order of magnitude with the thrusting difference of its two sides, which indicates that the tearing effect of Miyaluo Fault can be completely explained by thrusting difference of its two sides. According to the analysis, we put forward the dynamic model of the Miyaluo Fault, which can explain the above phenomenon.     

地下水位固体潮加卸载响应比分析及预测意义

应用加卸载响应比的理论原理,对广东地下水位网的观测数据进行加卸载响应比计算,以广东及周边地区数次MS4．0级以上地震作为震例,提取可能的中期至短期的响应比异常变化,研究其异常特征以及与地震的对应关系。结果表明,在中强地震前响应比存在增大变化,大多数井的水位固体潮响应比在发震前1～4个月出现升高异常变化。     

南沙海域海底浅层第四系地震地层结构与地质意义

科技进步使得地震采集数据量及其精度实现质的飞跃,南沙海域的地震调查,采用国际先进水平的等离子震源,获得地震剖面精度优于3 m局部甚至可在1 m之内,为科学研究、工程、浅层资源、地质灾害预警等研究奠定基础.在南沙第四系识别出了七个地震反射界面,确定500 ms至海底沉积区间内地震层序与三期海平面升降并与冰期、间冰期对应,典型地震剖面展示第四纪至少有三套完整的具有三角洲顶积层、前积层、底积层的地震相证据,与全球的第四纪海平面的变化一致.精细的浅层地震结构表明：南沙的地质现象丰富,浅层断层非常发育,下切河谷、泥石流、滑坡等地质遗迹的形成的地震相清晰,是地质活动频繁的地区.

     

火星电离层电子浓度昼夜变化特性研究

本文利用MAVEN卫星Langmuir Probe and Waves（LPW）仪器的在轨电子浓度探测数据,研究了火星电离层电子浓度随太阳天顶角（Solar Zenith Angle,SZA）的变化以及昼夜电子浓度变化的异同.基于2014年至2017年期间MAVEN的电子浓度数据,我们发现：在200 km以下,白天电离层电子浓度主要受光化学平衡控制,由于白天光电离过程使得昼夜电子浓度差异较大,此时电离层昼夜传输能影响到的最大范围约在SZA=110°;而在200 km以上,白天电离层受输运过程控制,此时昼夜电子浓度差别较小,电离层昼夜间电子浓度变化较为缓慢.通过研究MAVEN在deep-dip（低高度深入探测）期间的电子浓度数据,我们发现火星磁场会显著影响夜间200 km以下的电子浓度分布结构,强磁场中闭合磁力线对电子沉降过程的阻碍作用使得在夜间该区域的电子浓度小于相邻区域.同时,通过比较deep-dip期间昼夜电子浓度随高度的变化,发现夜间电子沉降作用的影响可能主要集中在160 km以下.

     

干湿循环作用下压实黏土力学特性与微观机制研究

针对干湿循环作用下填埋场封场覆盖系统压实黏土防渗结构损伤等问题,系统开展了干湿循环作用下（室内模拟填埋场气候环境）压实黏土力学特性及微观结构特征试验研究,从微观层次揭示了压实黏土在干湿循环作用下变形特性和强度衰减内在本质。研究结果表明：随着干湿循环次数的增加,压实黏土初始变形段区间割线模量增加,末段区间割线模量大幅度降低,变化幅度随初始压实度的增加而增加;同时,压实黏土剪切强度呈减小趋势,但减小幅度随初始压实度和围压的增加而减小。经过3次干湿循环后,压实黏土发生不可逆的体积收缩,体积收缩比例随压实度的增加而减小,低压实黏土和高压实黏土的体积收缩20.5%和11.5%。同时,低压实黏土和高压实黏土的大孔体积增加25.7%和53.9%,微裂隙体积增加3.1%和41.7%,增加幅度随初始压实度的增加而增加。压实黏土不可逆的体积收缩致使土体更加密实,从而导致压实黏土初始切线模量和强度增加。同时,大孔体积增多和微裂隙的发育,导致压实黏土剪切强度和末端切线模量降低,干湿循环对不同压实度黏土力学特性影响是二者的综合表现。     

压实过程对红黏土的孔隙分布影响研究

为研究压实作用对红黏土孔隙分布的影响,采用液氮冻干法对经过压力板仪脱至残余含水率后的压实试样进行干燥,继而利用孔隙仪测试其孔隙分布特征。结果表明,不同干密度试样的孔隙分布特征在孔径d >10 μm范围内差异性比较明显,干密度越大分布在该范围内的孔隙越少,但所有试样的大部分孔隙主要分布在孔径d <0.1 μm的范围内,并且分布密度十分相似。换言之,常规压实作用只能改变土体某一较大孔径范围内的孔隙,而对小孔径的孔隙改变不大,这也对于说明红黏土路基填料的压实,常规的压实作用对提高土体的压实度幅度有一定范围。     

松辽盆地东部湖湾环境的识别及意义

通过对宾县鸟河乡鸟河剖面和红石山剖面的沉积学分析,结合古生物、地球化学和古地理位置等资料,初步恢复了当时的古环境特征。鸟河剖面以灰绿色泥岩为主,夹有黄铁矿和白云岩结核层,属于湖湾环境沉积;红石山剖面下部以绿色泥岩为主,中上部变为以红色泥岩为主的沉积,早期属滨浅湖环境,之后水体变浅逐步转为泥坪相沉积。当物源不充足时,沉积物以泥岩为主,发育水平层理,化石种类少但成层性好,泥岩中常夹有白云岩和黄铁矿层。湖湾从湖盆断裂坳陷开始,经水体加深接受沉积,水流波浪侵蚀破坏湖底及湖岸阻隔,后水体逐步变浅,最终转化为泥沼。     

辽宁丹东四道沟金矿床流体包裹体特征及矿床成因

四道沟金矿床为辽东南地区重要的蚀变岩型矿床,其空间产出受断裂构造、盖县组变质地层及区内岩浆活动的联合制约.流体包裹体研究表明:成矿早期流体为中温、低盐度且富含CO2及CH4等挥发分的热液;主成矿阶段成矿流体为中温、高盐度的热液体系;矿区晚期阶段矿化流体具有较低的温度及盐度特征.综合分析认为:四道沟金矿床早期成矿流体与区内燕山晚期三股流花岗闪长岩体活动有关;主成矿阶段流体可能来自其后的花岗斑岩等类脉岩活动;成矿晚期阶段流体则主要来自大气降水.四道沟金矿床是燕山晚期不同来源及性质的热液先后叠加成矿作用的产物.