纤维增强钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能试验研究

纤维与胶粉的掺入可以改善混凝土材料的阻尼性能。本文首先利用自主开发的三点弯曲梁式大尺寸材料阻尼测试装置在频率(0.5~2.0Hz)条件下测定了4种不同配比纤维增强阻尼混凝土的损耗因子与储存模量,然后利用配制的纤维阻尼增强混凝土制作了4个框架柱,通过单轴滞回特性试验研究了在相同的轴压比、配筋率、配箍率、剪压比条件下,纤维增强阻尼混凝土与普通混凝土在非线性阶段阻尼性能、抗震性能及破坏特征的差异,得出纤维增强阻尼混凝土的骨架曲线和恢复力曲线的特征点。试验结果表明:在弹性范围内,纤维可以大幅提高素混凝土的阻尼性能,使素混凝土的损耗因子提高大约80%~200%,但是当构件进入非线性阶段以后,材料阻尼对普通混凝土阻尼性能影响很小。     

融合大气数值模式的高精度对流层天顶延迟计算方法

针对现有对流层天顶延迟模型改正法因水汽参数难以精确获取所导致的时空分辨率与精度上的不足问题,提出了一种融合WRF(weather research and forecasting model)大气数值模式的对流层天顶延迟估计方法。通过分析WRF模式的数值模拟机理及其数据结构特征,采用直接积分与模型改正相结合的混合计算方式,实现了全球任意位置上小时级的对流层天顶延迟估计。验证结果表明,该方法计算的小时级ZTD再分析值精度为13.6mm,日均值精度更是可达9.3mm,比传统模型UNB3m的49.6mm以及目前标称精度最高模型GPT2w的34.6mm,精度分别提高了约5倍和3.5倍。在30h的预报时段内,预报值精度也可达22mm。无论是ZTD再分析值还是预报值比现有模型的估计值精度均有明显提高。     

多源终端位置服务平台设计与应用

随着社会信息化的快速发展,位置服务应用正从行业领域转向大众领域,研究通用且易扩展的适用于各个领域的位置服务平台很有现实意义.通过研究位置服务平台的关键技术,提出了一种通用的面向多源终端的位置服务平台设计与实现方法,详细阐述了平台的设计原则、总体架构、数据模型、系统接口、插件扩展、实现关键技术、实验结果等方面的内容,并以...     

北京平谷黄松峪国家地质公园地质遗迹特征与保护利用研究

在收集、整理基础地质资料的基础上,将公园地质遗迹资源总结为2大类5类8亚类,对不同类型地质遗迹进行了特征分析.从物质基础、构造作用和古气候影响方面揭示了黄松峪砂岩地貌的成因机理,进一步明确了岩性特征的基础作用、地质构造的控制作用和冷热交替古气候的加速作用.与国内其他地区砂岩地貌相比,黄松峪砂岩地貌具有母岩地层时代古老、...     

空间分析在森林防火GIS中的应用

GIS是一种特定而又十分重要的空间信息系统,空间分析是GIS多种功能中最具代表性的一种,也是最能体现GIS特点的主要部分。本文从数据组织、实现方法、辅助分析决策等几个方面讨论了空间分析功能在森林防火GIS中应用的一些实践和构想。     

从CAD到GIS的数据转换

介绍了CAD到GIS的发展、CAD与GIS的区别、GIS的数据源,分析了CAD到GIS的数据转换过程中容易出现的问题,并总结了为克服这些问题而在数据生产、转换的各个步骤上应采取的措施。最后提出几点CAD与GIS生产建设中目前存在的问题及解决的思路。     

2011年长江中下游地区旱涝急转成因分析

利用NCEP和国家气候中心提供的再分析资料,对2011年发生在长江中下游地区的旱涝急转事件的成因进行了初步分析。结果表明:此次旱涝急转发生在特定的大尺度环流背景下,5月极涡偏强,而南亚高压和西太平洋副热带高压均偏弱、偏南;6月极涡强度变弱、范围偏小,而南亚高压增强、西移,西太平洋副热带高压加强、西伸。季风活动异常是引发此次旱涝急转的重要因素,前期南海夏季风强度弱,且中间一度中断,6月初突然增强并北推至长江中下游地区。前期我国主要的3条水汽输送带均明显偏弱,6月初又明显加强,导致大量暖湿气流汇集于长江中下游地区并与南下的冷空气交汇,为旱涝急转的发生提供了良好的水汽条件。2010年7月开始至2011年4月结束的拉尼娜事件是此次旱涝急转事件可能的重要外强迫条件之一。     

Ordovician Basement Hydrocarbon Reservoirs in the Tarim Basin, China

Ordovician marine carbonate basement traps are widely developed in the paleo-highs and paleo-slopes in the Tarim Basin. Reservoirs are mainly altered pore-cavity-fissure reservoirs. Oil sources are marine carbonate rocks of the Lower Paleozoic. Thus, the paleo-highs and paleo-slopes have good reservoiring conditions and they are the main areas to explore giant and large-scale oil reservoirs. The main factors for their reservoiring are: (1) Effective combination of fenestral pore-cavity-fracture reservoirs, resulting from multi-stage, multi-cyclic karstification (paleo-hypergene and deep buried) and fracturing, with effective overlying seals, especially mudstone and gypsum mudstone in the Carboniferous Bachu Formation, is essential to hydrocarbon reservoiring and high and stable production; (2) Long-term inherited large rises and multi-stage fracture systems confine the development range of karst reservoirs and control hydrocarbon migration, accumulation and reservoiring; (3) Long-term multi-source hydroc     

Estimating land-surface temperature under clouds using MSG/SEVIRI observations

The retrieval of land-surface temperature (LST) from thermal infrared satellite sensor observations is known to suffer from cloud contamination. Hence few studies focus on LST retrieval under cloudy conditions. In this paper a temporal neighboring-pixel approach is presented that reconstructs the diurnal cycle of LST by exploiting the temporal domain offered by geo-stationary satellite observations (i.e. MSG/SEVIRI), and yields LST estimates even for overcast moments when satellite sensor can only record cloud-top temperatures. Contrasting to the neighboring pixel approach as presented by Jin and Dickinson (2002), our approach naturally satisfies all sorts of spatial homogeneity assumptions and is hence more suited for earth surfaces characterized by scattered land-use practices. Validation is performed against in situ measurements of infrared land-surface temperature obtained at two validation sites in Africa. Results vary and show a bias of −3.68 K and a RMSE of 5.55 K for the validation site in Kenya, while results obtained over the site in Burkina Faso are more encouraging with a bias of 0.37 K and RMSE of 5.11 K. Error analysis reveals that uncertainty of the estimation of cloudy sky LST is attributed to errors in estimation of the underlying clear sky LST, all-sky global radiation, and inaccuracies inherent to the ‘neighboring pixel’ scheme itself. An error propagation model applied for the proposed temporal neighboring-pixel approach reveals that the absolute error of the obtained cloudy sky LST is less than 1.5 K in the best case scenario, and the uncertainty increases linearly with the absolute error of clear sky LST. Despite this uncertainty, the proposed method is practical for retrieving the LST under a cloudy sky condition, and it is promising to reconstruct diurnal LST cycles from geo-stationary satellite observations.     

ASTER与Landsat ETM~+热红外传感器数据的比较研究

利用3对同日过空的ASTER和ETM+影像对,开展了ETM+和ASTER热红外影像的定量比较,求出了二者的关系转换方程。定量研究结果表明,ASTER和ETM+热红外数据具有极显著的正相关关系,所求出的转换关系方程有很高的精度。但二者仍有一定的差异,表现在ASTER数据反演的传感器处温度要比ETM+平均高0.66℃~0.82℃,其所表现的热信息量也要比ETM+丰富且连续。