城市地下管线信息化建设框架研究

目前,我国各城市相继展开地下管线普查、地下管线信息系统的建设工作,力求建立科学、准确、完整、动态的综合管线信息管理系统,但也都普遍存在一些问题。本文针对管线信息化过程中普遍存在的这些问题,提出站在城市的高度,统筹规划管线信息系统的建设工作。并通过对现代城市发展过程中城市管线信息需求的分析,给出了城市地下管线信息化建设的一种框架。     

新疆克孜尔水库形变前兆异常的初步研究

对克孜尔水库蓄水前１８ 年的水准、基线测量资料进行研究认为：水准高差正常年变形态的消失是趋势性前兆异常的表现;震前半年左右测值曲线出现较大幅度的上下跳动,或呈台阶状大幅度下降,或出现直线状的“静止不变”异常,则是短临异常的主要特点。研究中发现：（１）异常的形态可能与断层运动的方式和状态有关;（２）异常幅度、异常持续时间与之后发生的中强震的强度及频度有一定关系;（３）近距离强震发生前,断层垂直位移有明显异常,而较远处强震发生前则地表倾斜异常较明显。基线测量没有观测到与水准相呼应的前兆异常     

GY-15型全液压动力头工程钻机的研制

GY-15型全液压动力头工程钻机是我所根据市场需求,结合自己多年研制全液压动力头钻机的优势开发的一种新型基础桩钻孔设备,本文着重对该钻机的结构特点、试验情况、主要技术参数等作了简要的介绍.     

四川盆地干旱动态评估指标的研究

在仔细分析干旱灾害物理成因基础上,围绕定量化和实时化这一核心,根据土壤水分盈亏原理,建立了具有清晰的物理意义的干旱动态评估指标。经检验,该方法符合实际,简便可行。     

江苏省近百年汛期旱涝变化的诊断分析

本文应用历史气候资料和现代降水记录,对近百年来汛期江苏省各区域各年代进行旱涝诊断分析,采用滑动平均方法探讨其变化趋势,并用最大搞谱方法提取显著周期。得出以下三个比较有意义的结论：（1）近百年来,汛期全省较易发生旱的灾害,20－30年代为旱灾濒发期;（2）淮北地区近年有向早年发展的趋势,江淮之间及苏南地区进入90年代以来向旱年发展的趋势则愈来愈明显;（3）全省具有2－3年、5－6年的旱涝周期。     

Oxygen and Carbon Isotopes of Cold-water Corals—Reconstructing Paleotemperature Changes and Calcification Mechanism

Cold-water corals represent an intriguing paleoceanographic archive with a great potential to reconstruct high-resolution paleoenvironmental changes. Compared to those of shallow-water corals, proxies derived from cold-water corals have been complicated by biologically mediated vital effects. The oxygen and carbon stable isotope compositions of cold-water coral skeletons are more depleted than the expected carbonate-seawater equilibrium values by 4‰~6‰ and about 10‰, respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to correct for the vital effects before using δ¹⁸O as a temperature proxy. The principles and methods of reconstructing paleotemperature variations of intermediate and deep oceans using oxygen and carbon isotopes of cold-water corals are reviewed, as well as three existing cold-water coral calcification models and their advantages and disadvantages. It is suggested that further micro-scales analysis and targeted experiments are required to clarify the calcification processes of cold-water corals.     

无人机快速获取地震灾情的应用探索

快速获取地震灾情对于应急救援决策和指挥是非常重要的。大地震造成通讯和交通设施破坏,使应急救援指挥部不能及时全面了解灾情,汶川地震已经给我们惨痛的教训。为此,我们开展了用无人机快速获取地震灾情的探索。     

传统乡村地域文化景观研究进展

传统乡村地域文化景观既是历代劳动人民的智慧结晶,也是传承地域文化的物质载体,具有重要的历史、 文化和科研价值。随着对景观文化遗产保护由局部点状斑块向区域性文脉整体保护认识的转变,相关研究日益受 到国内外更多学者的关注。本文从传统乡村地域文化景观概念与内涵阐释入手,对近20 年来国内外相关研究进展 进行了总结,认为目前的研究主要集中在乡村地域文化景观的特征、景观的变化、景观的保护三大方面,其中,在现 代经济的冲击下乡村地域文化景观的变化及相应的保护调控措施是学者们研究的重点;学者们运用历史学、地理 学、建筑学、景观生态学理论与方法,形成了多学科参与研究的良好局面,但是在研究的内容和深度方面还有待于 进一步深入。     

Seasonal variations of stable isotope in precipitation and moisture transport at Yushu,eastern Tibetan Plateau

Precipitation δ 18O at Yushu, eastern Tibetan Plateau, shows strong fluctuation and lack of clear seasonality. The seasonal pattern of precipitation stable isotope at Yushu is apparently different from either that of the southwest monsoon region to the south or that of the inland region to the north. This different seasonal pattern probably reflects the shift of different moisture sources. In this paper, we present the spatial comparison of the seasonal patterns of precipitation δ 18O, and calculate the moisture transport flux by using the NCAR/NCEP reanalysis data. This allows us to discuss the relation between moisture transport flux and precipitation δ 18O. This study shows that both the southwest monsoon from south and inland air mass transport from north affected the seasonal precipitation δ 18O at Yushu, eastern Tibetan Plateau. Southwest monsoon brings the main part of the moisture, but southwest transport flux is weaker than in the southern part of the Tibetan Plateau. However, contribution of the inland moisture from north or local evaporation moisture is enhanced. The combined effect is the strong fluctuation of summer precipitation δ 18O at Yushu and comparatively poor seasonality.     

Changes in record-breaking temperature events in China and projections for the future

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - As global warming intensifies, more record-breaking (RB) temperature events are reported in many places around the world where temperatures are higher than...