广义相对论效应对脉冲星γ射线辐射的影响

本文研究了广义相对论效应和量子力学效应对中子量γ射线辐射的影响．通过选择磁偶极矩以及观察者视线与磁轴之间的夹角这两个观测量作为参量，我们数值计算了从中子星表面发射的、传播方向沿着磁场的光子的逃逸能量．我们得到，在磁偶极矩较小时，量子力学效应不重要，而广义相对论效应使逃逸能量显著降低；当磁偶极矩很大时，两个效应几乎相抵消，光子的逃逸能量几乎不受它们的影响．我们讨论这些结果在脉冲星γ射线谱上的意义．     

鄂西山区耕作制度的合理调整

鄂西山区耕地面积8640平方公里。区内现行耕作制度,在海拔500—1200米处以一年两熟制为主,海拔1200米以上处是一年一熟制。全区一熟制面积占耕地面积的15％,耕作复种指数180—195％。随着区内商品经济的进一步发展,对现存耕作制度要加以调整:1.加强精耕细作,提高粮食单产,调整农业经济结构;2.合理布局作物,优化种植业结构;3.实行科学种田,使耕作制度的变革不断深化。     

HD 105020 is probably a long-period binary

Archer declared HD 105020 to be an Algol-type binary with a K-type main star and a period as short as two days. This, if confirmed, would be very significant. We made 21 observations of this star on three nights in 1984 using the 2.0-m telescope and Reticon system of McDonald Observatory, and 3 observations on two nights in 1991 using the 2.1-m telescope with TI2 CCD system of Kitt peak Observatory and found (1) that the radial velocity varied little over successive nights and the spin velocity to be small, hence it cannot be an Algol star with a two-day period and (2) that the radial velocity varied considerably at different times, and that the star could well be a spectroscopic binary with a period of about 20 days.     

新的γ射线脉冲星PSR1055－52的COS－B证认

本文利用ＣＯＳ－Ｂ卫星观测资料对ＣＧＲＯ卫星新近发现的一颗γ射线脉冲星进行了守时性分析，得到了显著的周期结构。这个结果对ＰＳＲ１０５５－５２是一颗γ射线脉冲星提供了新的、独立的证认，本文对普遍公认的六颗γ射线脉冲星也作了比较和讨论。     

Broadband Radio Bursts and Fine Structures during the Great Solar Event on 14 July 2000

25 MHz–7.6 GHz global and detailed (fine structure – FS) radio spectra are presented, which were observed in the NOAA 9077 active region for the Bastille Day (14 July 2000) flare at 10:10–11:00 UT. Besides broadband radio bursts, high-resolution dynamic spectra reveal metric type II burst, decimetric type IV burst and various decimetric and microwave FSs, such as type III bursts, type U bursts, reverse-slope (RS)-drifting burst, fiber bursts, patch and drifting pulsation structure (DPS). The peak-flux-density spectrum of the radio bursts over the range 1.0–7.6 GHz globally appears as a U-shaped signature. Analyzing the features of backbone and herringbones of the type II burst, the speeds of shock and relevant energetic electron beams were estimated to be 1100 km s⁻¹ and 58 500 km s⁻¹, respectively. Also the time sequence of the radio emission is analyzed by comparing with the hard X-rays (HXRs) and the soft X-rays (SXRs) in this flare. After the maxima of the X-rays, the radio emission in the range 1.0–7.6 GHz reached maxima first at the higher frequency, then drifted to the lower frequency. This comparison suggested that the flare included three successive processes: firstly the X-rays rose and reached maxima at 10:10–10:23 UT, accompanied by fine structures only in the range 2.6–7.6 GHz; secondly the microwave radio emission reached maxima accompanied by many fine structures over the range 1.0–7.6 GHz at 10:23–10:34 UT; then a decimetric type IV burst and its associated FSs (fibers) in the range 1.0–2.0 GHz appeared after 10:40 UT.     

强作用对奇异星观测效应的影响

奇异星是类似于中子星的曲奇异夸克物质组成的致密天体。本文研究了夸克这间的强作用对奇异星观测效应的影响。我们认为：（１）中子星转变为奇异星的行为是一种大的周期突变（ｇｌｉｔｃｈ）现象，这种现象取决于夸克间的强作用；（２）强作用使高温奇异星的振动阻尼也有效，这可能是驱动超新星爆发的新机制；（３）强作用加强了高温情形下奇异星和中子星在转动上的差别，奇异星的最小周期比中子星的小。     

On the transplantation and cultivation ofKappaphycus alvarezii in China

A 2-year study onKappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty introduced to Hainan Island from the Philippines in 1985 showed promising results. The average daily growth in weight reached 10% at a favourable temperature of about 26°C. Experimental results showed that timely cutting of the plant was an effective way to obtain new cuttings for cultivation and accelerate growth. New cuttings 0.05 kg in weight are suggested to be used as “seeds” and the old plant should be harvested. At present, artificial cultivation with a type of underwater raft applicable in places where there is strong wind will expand cultivation to more regions in Hainan Province. This paper was originally published in Chinese inOceanologia et Limnologia Sinica 19(5): 410–418, 1988. The plant under discussion wasEucheuma alvarezii Doty which was previously calledE. striatum in the article, and which now becomesKappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty. To the original title, “in China” was added. Only the essence of the original article was presented.     

The radial velocity of zeta aurigae during its 1979/80 eclipse

Using spectrographic plates obtained on 11 nights during its 1979/1980 eclipse, we have obtained a radial velocity curve of ζ Aur. Our results are in general agreements with previous measurements, but we note that the radial velocity just before the total eclipse showed an appreaciable decrease. A preliminary discussion is made.     

Automatic seismic wave detection and autoregressive model method

The problem of automatic detection of seismic waves by large telemetered seismic networks such as the Mexican Continental Aperture Seismic Network (RESMAC), is extended here to include determination of seismic first-arrival and S-phase-arrival times. A short general outline of the detection problem background and a small introduction to the autoregressive model (AR) concept are presented. Several automatic detection algorithms were implemented and compared with a newly developed autoregressive algorithm. Careful consideration of the advantages and disadvantages of each method determined that a mixed detection scheme is optimal and suitable for RESMAC. A few examples are shown that illustrate the relative performances of the methods tried here. The proposed detection scheme has the following characteristics: (a) First-arrival detection, based on a simple (average of squared input) characteristic function, and a trigger criterion that uses as a distortion measure the long-average-to-short-average ratio of the characteristic function, checked using a duration criterion; (b) use of two threshold values, one for triggering, and another for beginning the backward search for the phase arrival time; (c) use of the autoregressive model (AR) method, with the Itakura-Saito distortion measure, for S-phase detection, checked using both duration and amplitude criteria; and (d) characterization of the reliability of the determinations for their subsequent use in automatic location programs, alarms, etc. The automatic detection scheme has proved effective.