南极普里兹湾NP93－2柱样磁组构特征及其古气候意义

对采自东南极普里兹湾海区沉积物ＮＰ９３－２柱样系统的磁组构分析,结果表明：１．普里兹湾海洋沉积物具有较大的磁化率各向异性,较好地指示了沉积过程中水动力过程的变化;２．由磁化率各向异性主轴方向确定的古水流方面主要为近ＥＷ向及ＮＳ向,分别对应着南极绕极环流的方向及由融冰水的大量生成而导致的南极底层水形成的方向,这两种不同方向的水流在该海区不同时段的表现各不相同;３．依据表征磁组构的参数及古水流方向的变化,可将１２７００ａＢ．Ｐ．以来的南极地区的古气候分成５个古气候变化带．     

阿尔金山南缘清水泉地区斜长角闪岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年及其地质意义

阿尔金群为阿尔金构造带的古老变质基底,由于缺乏精确的同位素测年数据,对其形成时代尚存争议。运用LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb 定年分析方法,对阿尔金山南缘清水泉地区阿尔金群中的斜长角闪岩进行了年代学测定,并初步探讨其地质意义。锆石CL图像具有多晶面面状结构,无岩浆锆石具有的震荡环带和核边结构,Th/U比值大多都较低(<0.1),显示变质锆石的特点。18个锆石颗粒的19个测点给出的207Pb/206Pb年龄介于(1786±16)～(1877±12)Ma之间,加权平均值为(1827±13)Ma(MSWD=4.4,1σ)。区域地质与同位素年代学新资料表明,阿尔金山南缘清水泉地区在古元古代晚期存在一期构造-热事件,本期事件与吕梁运动的时限相吻合,在全球尺度上可能是古元古代哥伦比亚超大陆汇聚-裂解事件在该地区的响应,也证明阿尔金山存在新太古代—古元古代的变质基底,并且为探讨阿尔金构造带前寒武纪构造-热事件和演化历史提供了新证据。     

基于MSA特征的遥感图像多目标关联算法

遥感图像中多目标关联存在以下两个问题:一是低时间分辨率观测使得目标状态信息无法准确估计,基于Kalman滤波的多目标关联算法不再适用;二是基于图像特征的目标关联算法又无法处理大场景观测中多个目标关联引起的模糊性.针对上述问题,提出一种基于多尺度自卷积特征匹配和关联代价矩阵最优化的多目标关联算法.实验表明该算法对遥感图像中多目标关联问题具有一定的适用性.     

A relationship between solar activity and frequency of natural disasters in China

The relationship between the length of the solar cycle, a good indicator of long-term change in solar activity, and natural disasters (drought, flood, and strong earthquakes) in China during the last 108 years is analyzed. The results suggest that the length of solar cycle may be a useful indicator for drought/flood and strong earthquakes. When the solar activity strengthens, we see the length of the solar cycle shorten and more floods occur in South China and frequent strong earthquakes happen in the Tibetan Plateau,but the droughts in East China as well as the strong earthquakes in Taiwan and at the western boundary of China are very few. The opposite frequencies occur when the solar activity weakens. The current study indicates that the solar activity may play an important role in the climate extremes and behavior in the lithosphere.     

津巴布韦塔卡金矿地球化学异常特征及找矿标志

本文以津巴布韦塔卡金矿的区域地球化学资料为基础,对矿区地球化学特征、金成矿条件及找矿标志进行了分析,发现矿体主要赋存于元古宙Umkondo群的绢云石英片岩中,并受南北向区域构造控制。区内Au、W 、Hg 、Sb等异常共生组合元素,均可作为Au的找矿指示元素。通过对塔卡金矿的区域地质-地球化学异常特征和找矿标志的研究,建立了该金矿的地球化学异常模型及找矿标志,对已取得的1:25万区域化探异常的筛选和评价,以及进一步提高化探找矿效果,均具有一定的启示意义。     

动态分段思想在MapInfo中的实现

动态分段是一种新的线性特征的动态分析、显示和绘图技术.目前该技术已经成功地应用在以Arc/Info为代表的采用"弧段-结点"数据模型的GIS软件中,但是在采用"面向实体"数据模型的GIS软件中实现动态分段的研究却很少.本文在分析Arc/Info中动态分段数据结构的基础上,探讨如何在MapInfo中实现动态分段思想.     

Elastic anisotropy of ferromagnesian post-perovskite in Earth's D” layer

We report experimental observation of a sizable elastic anisotropy in a polycrystalline sample of ferromagnesian silicate in post-perovskite (ppv) structure. Using a novel composite X-ray transparent gasket to contain and synthesize ppv in a panoramic diamond-anvil cell along with oblique X-ray diffraction geometry, we observed the anisotropic lattice strain and {1 0 0} or {1 1 0} slip-plane texture in the sample at 140 GPa. We deduced the elasticity tensor (c_ij), orientation-dependent compressional wave velocities, polarization-dependent shear-wave velocities, and the velocity anisotropy of the silicate ppv. Our results are consistent with calculations and indicate that with sufficient preferred orientation, the elastic anisotropy of this phase can produce large shear-wave splitting.     

Characteristics,differences and main controlling factors of source rocks in the central‐southern South China Sea Basins

The South China Sea is rich in oil and gas resources. With the increasing exploration of oil and gas resources in the northern South China Sea and the increasing demand for energy in the world, The central‐southern South China Sea have become important constituencies for oil and gas resources. The central‐southern basins of South China Sea can be divided into three types of basin groups, namely, the southern basin group (Zengmu Basin, Brunei‐Sabah Basin), the western basin group (Wan'an Basin, Zhong jiannan Basin) and the Central Basin Group (Liyue Basin, Beikang Basin, Nanweixi Basin and Palawan Basin). At present, the degree of exploration is relatively low, and the source rock has not yet formed a understanding of the system. The main source rock development time, source rock characteristics, hydrocarbon generation potential and control factors of each basin group are still unclear, which seriously restricts the exploration of oil and gas. Based on the sedimentary facies distribution and sedimentary filling evolution, combined with the geoche mical characteristics of the source rocks, the source age, organic matter type, hydrocarbon generation potential and main controlling factors of the basins in the central‐southern basins are discussed. By the detailed research on delta scale, provenance system, paleoclimate conditions, ancient vegetation development and hydroca rbon generation parent material, the main controlling factors of hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks in each basin group are revealed.     

Holocene environmental evolution recorded by core sediments of Judian Lake in the east of Lubei Plain,Shandong Province

Judian Lake in the east of Lubei Plain is located in the monsoon area of northern China,which is sensitive to global climate change and provides abundant lake sedimentary data for the study of the past climate and environment evolution in the land-sea interaction area. Based on the sporopollen identification,grain size analysis and AMS¹⁴C dating of core sediments from the drilling hole of the Judian Lake,the evolutional process of climate and environment since 8900 cal a BP in the northern Lubei Plain was discussed. The results show that: 8900-7625cal a BP,the temperature and precipitation increased and the climate changed from cold-dry to warm-wet;7625—6810 cal a BP,the overall climate was becoming cooler and drier;6810—4435cal a BP,the temperature rose and the precipitation increased,showing an overall warm and humid climate in the middle Holocene;4435—3150cal a BP,the climate was generally cold and humid with some low-amplitude fluctuations of cold and warm. During the middle Holocene,there were two obvious cold and dry events in 5450—5280cal a BP and 4160—4090cal a BP,which was consistent with the geological and climatic records in China and even in the world. It may be due to the southward movement of the equatorial convergence zone caused by the change of solar radiation,the change of ocean surface temperature and the feedback of surface vegetation.     

青海省雪灾气候预测的地气图方法

通过对青海省1960年以来全省各气象站的雪灾资料统计分析,结合青海省南部(下称青南)地区8月份的地气形势,发现二者之间有很好的相关：夏季地热涡和正鞍形场多对应冬季为重雪灾;地冷涡和负鞍形场多对应冬季为轻灾或无灾。春夏季上游的中强地震可加强冬季的雪灾。由此表明,利用地气图方法可以较好地预测青海省的雪灾。