驼背鲈引种驯养及人工诱导性腺发育和繁殖

为探讨通过人工诱导获得驼背鲈成熟亲鱼的途径,在室内水池进行驼背鲈驯养研究;用口服和注射性激素、控温、控光、营养强化、模拟生态条件等方法处理驼背鲈以诱导其性腺发育。结果表明,控光和模拟生态条件不能有效诱导性腺发育;激素、控温和营养强化相结合可诱导驼背鲈性腺发育并成熟。对其中１ 组诱导成熟的亲鱼（雌、雄各１ 尾）进行人工催产后,亲鱼自然产卵受精,孵出仔鱼２ 万尾。驼背鲈在驯养条件下生长较快;通过人工控制和诱导可达到性腺发育和成熟,性腺发育速度较快。     

盆地形成及成矿与地幔流体间的成因联系

文中共讨论以下5个问题:(1)盆地起源于幔壳溃变和膨隆,后者是地幔流体(超临界态(>375℃)HACONS流体,简称幔汁)上涌、渗入、交代、富化、致熔的产物。地幔流体造成油气盆地深部的高热流、异常超高压、伊利水云母化、硅化和地层有机碳的加氢成油作用。(2)盆地成矿可分两大阶段,先是沉积时的同生成矿;地层沉积后还有众多的后生成矿。两者组成“盆地矿套”(杜乐天,2002)。成矿无论同生还是后生,其分布均受断裂控制,都和地幔流体活动有关。(3)黑色页岩的实质是碳-硅-泥三元岩系,和热液成矿中的碳酸盐-硅质-泥质蚀变三元完全相当。此类岩系中总是有几十种亲壳亲幔亲气元素的特殊富集。奇异的是,石油、油页岩、沥青及砂岩型铀矿彼此有完全类似的继承性元素特殊富集。此等元素群不可能都是来自盆地之外蚀源区岩体的风化。研究证明,相当多的元素是地幔流体携带上来的。(4)盆地地层中广泛发育由地幔流体衍生的热液作用。(5)盆地实质上是气盆,全盆地排气。许多气田是地幔流体排气形成的。沙漠(原地型)和天然气田的共生很值得注意,两者皆源于地球强烈排气,导致地下和大气增温,过度蒸发,不易降雨,长期干旱而形成沙漠。     

Pushover analysis procedure for systems considering SSI effects based on capacity spectrum method

This paper presents a new procedure to transform an SSI system into an equivalent SDOF system using twice equivalence. A pushover analysis procedure based on the capacity spectrum method for buildings with SSI effects （PASSI） is then established based on the equivalent SDOF system, and the modified response spectrum and equivalent capacity spectrum are obtained. Furthermore, the approximate formulas to obtain the dynamic stiffness of foundations are suggested. Three steel buildings with different story heights （3, 9 and 20） including SSI effects are analyzed under two far-field and two near-field historical records and an artificial seismic time history using the two PASSI procedures and the nonlinear response history analysis （NLhRHA） method. The results are compared and discussed. Finally, combined with seismic design response spectrum, the nonlinear seismic response of a 9-story building with SSI effects is analyzed using the PASSI procedures, and its seismic performance is evaluated according to the Chinese ＇Code for Seismic Design of Buildings. The feasibility of the proposed procedure is verified.     

残余和现今应力场重迭法预测强震危险时区

以红河断裂带测区为例，用Ｘ射线法测量了测区的古构造残余应力场及其应变能密度场，用有限单元法计算了测区在两种边界条件下的水平最大剪应力场，用实验和理论证明了古构造残余主压应力大小和方向对岩石破坏、破裂扩展和震级的影响。用上述方法预测，松平—南涧、玉溪—开远、普洱为测区内强震危险区段。结合地球自转角速度相对变率的天文观测曲线在时间轴上的外延，预测得１９８９－１９９６、１９９９－２００４、２００７－２０１３、２０１６－２０１８年为测区内强震危险时段。     

Climate change implications for irrigation and groundwater in the Republican River Basin,USA

This study investigates the influence of climate change on groundwater availability, and thereby, irrigation across political boundaries within the US High Plains aquifer. A regression model is developed to predict changes in irrigation according to predicted changes in precipitation and temperature from a downscaled dataset of 32 general circulation models (GCMs). Precipitation recharge changes are calculated with precipitation-recharge curves developed for prognostic representations of precipitation across the Nebraska-Colorado-Kansas area and within the Republican River Basin focal landscape. Irrigation-recharge changes are scaled with changes in irrigation. The groundwater responses to climate forcings are then simulated under new pumping and recharge rates using a MODFLOW groundwater flow model. Results show that groundwater pumping and recharge both will increase and that the effects of groundwater pumping will overshadow those from natural fluctuations. Groundwater levels will decline more in areas with irrigation-driven decreasing trends in the baseline. The methodologies and predictions of this study can inform long-term water planning and the design of management strategies that help avoid and resolve water-related conflicts, enabling irrigation sustainability.     

磁流变液及结构减振智能驱动器

本文,首先通过正交试验研究了磁流变液各组分对其性能的影响作用及作用机理.试验表明,油酸的主要作用是提高磁性颗粒的溶解性,而OP乳化剂的主要作用是提高磁性颗粒的分散能力.其次,根据以上的试验结果,在大量具体对比试验的基础上,研制成功了一种剪切屈服强度高、沉降稳定性好的磁流变液.而后,根据磁流变液的流变特性,结合磁路特点,设计制作了一个额定电压为9V、电流为2A、功率为20W的磁流变减振驱动器,并测试了此驱动器的阻尼力及时间响应特性.测试表明,本减振驱动器的响应时间是0.2至0.3秒,而不是理论响应时间的10毫秒.最后,分析了响应时间的影响因素.     

香港的旅游资源及其开发

本文介绍了香港丰富多彩的自然旅游资源和人文旅游资源，分析了香港自５０年代以来旅游业开发的进程，预测香港回归祖国之后，旅游业必将进一步稳定发展。     

新疆内生矿产成矿规律

本文简要地介绍了新疆主要内生矿产的成矿基本特征及主要成因类型.并在此基础上结合区域地质构造特征、地质发展历史、成矿作用特征及地球化学场特征等基本因素,将新疆划分出15个综合性成矿(区)带,其中包括44个蕴矿带、14个矿田带,最后对新疆内生矿产的主要成矿规律进行了总结.讨论了新疆内生矿产的形成与板块构造发展演化历史的密切并系,指出了它们在时、空上的分布规律及分带性和主要控矿因素.     

关于《模式识别之重心法则及其在地图制图中运用一例》一文的一点注记

本文对重心法则给出了一个扩展,使该法则的运用由综合指标到了全部指标,并证明了 I_G~((1))=I_G~((2))。     

Optically stimulated luminescence dating of young glacial sediments from the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Poor bleaching is a significant problem for Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating of glacial sediments. Five young glacial samples (including two modern analogues) from different depositional settings were collected beyond the Yingpu Glacier in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. De was determined using different OSL methods. The luminescence characteristics and dating results showed that the large aliquot quartz Blue Stimulated Luminescence (BSL) is more applicable than polymineral infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) method. Small aliquot quartz BSL results showed poor luminescence properties due to low luminescence sensitivity of quartz in this area. The dating results also indicated that glaciofluvial samples deposited close to ice margin (~40 m and ~700 m) and supraglacial debris dominated lateral moraine samples are relatively well-bleached, whereas samples from ground moraine and low terminal moraine were poorly bleached, probably due to containing subglacial and englacial debris. The residual doses of glaciofluvial and lateral moraine crest samples were below a few Gy and age overestimations were below a few hundred years. The ground moraine and low terminal moraine samples had residual doses as high as ~110 Gy, and ages were overestimated by ~15-17 ka.