Conceptual design of a deep draft semi-submersible platform with a moveable heave-plate

Based on the principle of turned mass damper(TMD) systems,the conceptual design of semi-submersible platform with a moveable heave-plate(MHS) has been put forward.The heave motion response amplitude operator(RAO) and viscous damping of the MHS platform are calculated by iteration,and the coupling stiffness between the MHS hull and the heave-plate is optimized to decrease the maximum heave motion response of the MHS hull under 10-year survival conditions in the South China Sea.The nu-merical results indicate that the heave motion RAO of the MHS hull can be decreased in the range of predominant wave frequencies,which may provide some reference to the heave motion control of offshore platforms.     

结构Pushover分析的侧向力分布及高阶振型影响

Pushover分析方法是逐渐得到广泛应用的一种评估结构抗震性能的简化方法,已被引入我国新的建筑结构抗震设计规范。侧向力分布的选取是结构Pushover分析中的一个关键问题,尤其高阶振型影响显著时其选取直接影响Pushover分析的结果。本文通过拟合规范反应谱,挑选了适用Ⅱ类场地的4条地震动记录和4条人工波,对比了典型地震动下非线性时程分析和采用5种不同侧向力分布的Pushover分析的5层、10层和15层钢筋混凝土结构在不同地震动强度时的反应。通过结构振型参与系数量化了各个结构的高阶振型的影响。研究发现,随着结构层数的增加和地震动强度的增加高阶振型的影响变大,侧向力的选取变得十分重要。本文对在高阶振型影响下钢筋混凝土框架结构的Pushover分析中侧向力的选取提出了建议。     

星载GPS相位非差观测粗差和周跳的探测与修复

提出了以历元间星载GPS载波相位观测值之差作为观测量,结合拟准检定法（QuAD）来探测和修复非差星载GPS相位观测值中的粗差和周跳的方法。利用仿真低轨卫星GPS相位观测数据,对粗差和周跳的特性进行了分析,并对探测和修复步骤与效果进行了详细说明。实验表明,该方法不仅计算简捷,而且能有效修复非差载波相位观测值中的粗差和周跳,为非差星载GPS精密单点定轨提供了良好的质量控制基础。     

Evolution characters of water exchange abilities between Dongting Lake and Yangtze River

By using field-survey hydrological data of the related control stations in Dongting Lake and the Yangtze River mainstream in 1951–2010, the evolution characters of water exchange abilities between the two water bodies and their response to the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) from different time scales are analyzed based on their hydraulic relations. The results are shown as follows. Firstly, during July-September, the replenishment ability of Three Outlets to Dongting Lake is stronger, and in January-March, the replenishment ability of Dongting Lake to Yangtze River is stronger. Secondly, there has been an obvious inter-decadal wave on the water exchange coefficient between Dongting Lake and Yangtze River. In 1951–1958 and 1959–1968, the replenishment ability of Three Outlets to Dongting Lake was stronger, but in 2003–2010, the replenishment ability of Dongting Lake to Yangtze River has been strengthened. Thirdly, the spill-division ability of Three Outlets weakens, and the water of Dongting Lake coming from Three Outlets decreases either in typical years or under different dispatching modes of the TGR after the operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Furthermore, the water of Dongting Lake coming from Four Rivers takes the dominant position, which obviously enhances the replenishment ability of Dongting Lake to Yangtze River. Fourthly, if the effect of the runoff fluctuation in the basin is not considered, the evolution characters of the exchange capacities and the exchange process between Dongting Lake and Yangtze River in different time scales are generally changed with the variation of the water exchange amount between them, although the factors influencing the water exchange capacities between them is very complex. These show that there is an in-line growth or decline relation between the river-lake water exchange ability and the river-lake water exchange amount.     

一种新型粘滞阻尼材料的试验研究

粘滞阻尼材料是粘滞阻尼器的重要组成部分,其性能直接影响阻尼器的各项性能指标。本文研制了一种新型的粘滞阻尼材料,并通过各项试验对其高温下的热稳定性、化学安定性、耐久性、安全性及动态力学性能进行了深入研究。试验表明,本文研制的粘滞阻尼材料具有安全、稳定、耐久性好、耗能能力强等特点,可满足结构耗能构件的要求。     

梧州市夏季干旱对水稻产量影响分析

利用梧州市5个代表站1961～2008年的气温、降水资料,用降水距平百分率（R指标）的干旱等级划分方法,并引入考虑气温的P指标对干旱等级进行划分,揭示区域内夏旱发生的基本特征。结果表明：梧州夏旱频次高,夏旱存在自身的周期性和连续发生的规律,在地理分布上为中南部重于北部。并据此初步探讨夏季干旱的成因及对水稻产量的影响。     

Phosphorus speciation and availability in intertidal sediments of the Yangtze Estuary,China

In order to better understand P cycling and bioavailability in the intertidal system of the Yangtze Estuary, both surface (0–5 cm) and core (30 cm long) sediments were collected and sequentially extracted to analyze the solid-phase reservoirs of sedimentary P: loosely sorbed P; Fe-bound P; authigenic P; detrital P; and organic P. The total sedimentary P in surface and core sediments ranged from 14.58–36.81 μmol g⁻¹ and 17.11–24.55 μmol g⁻¹, respectively, and was dominated by inorganic P. The average percentage of each fraction of P in surface sediments followed the sequence: detrital P (54.9%) > Fe-bound P (23.7%) > organic P (14.3%) > authigenic P (6.3%) > loosely sorbed P (0.8%), whereas in core sediments it followed the sequence: detrital P (61.7%) > Fe-bound P (17.0%) > authigenic P (13.1%) > organic P (7.5%) > loosely sorbed P (0.7%). Post-depositional reorganization of P was observed in both surface and core sediments, converting organic P and Fe-bound P to authigenic P. The accumulation rates and burial efficiencies of the total P in the intertidal area ranged from 118.70–904.98 μmol cm⁻² a⁻¹ and 80.29–88.11%, respectively. High burial efficiency of the total P is likely related to the high percentage of detrital P and the high sediment accumulation rate. In addition, the bioavailable P represented a significant proportion of the sedimentary P pool, which on average accounted for 37.4% and 25.1% of the total P in surface and core sediments, respectively. This result indicates that the tidal sediment is a potential internal source of P for this P-limiting estuarine ecosystem.     

安宁河断裂带测区古构造残余应力随深度分布

以岩体正交异性弹性理论为基础，用Ｘ射线法，在安宁河断裂带测区，选取了９个钻孔的岩芯，测量了岩体中宏观残余应力场的水平和铅直三维主应力及最大剪和随深度的分布。分析了其沿深度的分布规律，求得了其铅直梯度值。     

接触岩面烧结与地壳深部地震机制

玄武岩、花岗岩、闪长岩以及安山岩的接触面,在350℃—900℃,1×10~8—4×10~8帕围压下,经过1—35天,便烧结成一个整体,并具有很高但低于原岩的剪切强度。此强度随温度、围压和时间的增加而增大。在烧结面与主压应力方向夹角大于55°时,便不再断裂,而沿其它方向剪断。烧结过程中,没有新矿物产生,也没有矿物熔融作用参与,但岩石密度增加,晶粒长大。晶粒粘附作用和原子体积扩散是烧结的物理机制,晶粒表面能自发地从高向低转化,是促进烧结的基本动力。烧结面的再破裂和延裂便是断裂带在地壳深部重复发生地震的主要机制。实验最低温度和围压相当地壳十公里深,这应是深大断裂的上部裂面与下部烧结层的界限,受载后便向下延裂,而在下部形成地震震源。这可能是地壳中震源多在15—25公里深的重要原因。