Tetrahedral Plots of the Phase Relations for Basalts

The phase relations of quaternary systems are generally represented by projections onto ternary compositional planes. Such projections often obscure relationships that would only be evident in a three-dimensional tetrahedral plot. The tetrahedral plot requires that compositions of the minerals and melts be transformed into Cartesian coordinates. It is shown here how this transformation is carried out. The application is demonstrated by tetrahedral plots of experimental melt compositions of partially molten lherzolite. Furthermore, the plot can be used to evaluate whether or not a particular basaltic composition represents a primary melt. The methods are applicable to any four-component system.     

富营养化湖泊蓝藻—芦苇碎屑堆积分解过程及其潜在的共代谢效应

为探究富营养化浅水湖泊所富集的有机物对湖泊碳循环和水质的影响,本研究构建微宇宙系统,模拟蓝藻和芦苇碎屑单独分解及混合分解过程.通过测定各组上覆水营养盐浓度、有机质含量及结构的变化,揭示富营养化湖泊藻草残体混合分解过程中养分和有机碳的释放特征.结果 表明,在实验0～88 h内,在添加相同的碳源条件下,蓝藻和芦苇混合处理组...     

CE-QUAL-W2模型在福建山仔水库的应用

利用二维横向平均模型CE-QUAL-W2对山仔水库进行水力学和水质模拟,运用半年野外采样监测和室内实验分析数据校正模型主要参数并进行验证.选取2006年4月7日至6月7日的模型输出模拟结果,进一步运用李祚泳修正的营养状态指数法结合层次分析法对山仔水库出水水质进行富营养化评价,评价结果表明:山仔水库存在富营养化状况,其中5月12日营养状态指数最高,接近80;第一次大规模水华爆发从4月29日持续到6月初.通过设定三种情景(原始流量、降低水位、增加出流量)进行模拟分析表明,降低水位以及增加出流量都有利于改善对山仔水库下游取水口水质.     

一座热带高产渔业水库枯水期轮虫的群落组成与动态分析

2003—2004年对天鹅洲和老江河两个长江故道的调查表明,该类水体的底栖动物在类群组成上与阻隔湖泊类似,以螺类和水生昆虫为主,但是有较多的流水性和冷水性种类．纵向比较表明两个故道底栖动物生物量比20世纪90年代下降了48.3％-78．6％,软体动物尤为突出．底栖动物资源衰退的原因主要有两个,一是过度渔业,二是江湖阻隔．与长江流域其他类型水体的比较表明在中等程度水文连通的水体中底栖动物种类最多,软体动物尤其是双壳类的现存量明显较高．为发挥长江故道群对泛滥平原生物多样性维持的重要作用,文末提出了关于合理放养和季节性通江的管理建议．     

Experimental investigation of hydrate formation in water-dominated pipeline and its influential factors

Blockage in water-dominated flow pipelines due to hydrate reformation has been suggested as a potential safety issue during the hydrate production. In this work, flow velocity-dependent hydrate formation features are investigated in a fluid circulation system with a total length of 39 m. A 9-m section pipe is transparent consisted of two complete rectangular loops. By means of pressurization with gas-saturated water, the system can gradually reach the equilibrium conditions. The result shows tha...     

Formation mechanism,experimental method,and property characterization of grain-displacing methane hydrates in marine sediment: A review

Grain-displacing hydrate deposits exist at many marine sites, which constitute an important part of methane hydrate resources worldwide. Attributed to the difficulties in acquiring field data and synthesizing experimental samples, the formation and property characterization of grain-displacing hydrate remains less understood and characterized than the pore-filling hydrate in current literature. This study reviews the formation mechanisms of grain-displacing hydrate from the perspective of geolog...