胶州湾菲律宾蛤仔死壳分布与生态环境关系的研究

胶州湾菲律宾蛤仔栖息地带由于近年受拖耙捕生产，底质遭到频繁骚动。同时沿岸带局部水域环境污染严重，以及河口盐度突发性骤降等因素，直接影响了蛤仔的存活率。因而蛤仔死壳逐年增多。据１９９０年调查，９月份幼蛤和成蛤死壳平均密度比同年４月分别增加３．５倍和１．８倍，蛤仔资源量亦受一定损失。     

一种现代不对称波痕的成因特征及类比分析——以民和盆地红古城地区下白垩统第8岩组为例

本文以黄河边上现代不对称波痕的形成为例,结合民和盆地下白垩统第８岩组沉积环境进行类比分析,一改过去传统的“浅水”认识,而把它定为三角洲平原相沉积。因而不对称波痕不能作为某一种沉积环境,它可以广泛生成于不同的环境。因此应更多强调综合分析、类比分析、层序基本单元和体系域分析,使盆地岩石地层单位的古环境解释建立在可靠的理性基础上。     

2015年7月3日新疆皮山M_S6.5级地震震害特征分析

2015年7月3日新疆皮山M_S6.5级地震灾区地处塔里木盆地南缘,该地自然条件恶劣,经济极为落后,灾区农村的民房除了抗震安居工程建设的房屋外,还有大量抗震性能较差的民居,在地震中受损严重,经济损失较大。灾区大部分位于山前溢出带,地下水位浅、地基土层软弱等场地条件对地震动有放大作用,震害影响范围较大。灾后重建中应继续加大安居富民工程的经费投入力度。灾区北部人口密集,地基土层软弱,工程地质条件差,建议在今后的安居富民建设中加强地基处理。     

An Immune Genetic Algorithm to Buildings Displacement in Cartographic Generalization

Spatial conflicts may occur when map data are displayed at a scale smaller than that of the source map. This study applies the displacement operator in cartographic generalization to resolve such spatial conflicts and to improve the clarity and legibility of map. The immune genetic algorithm (IGA) is used in this study for buildings displacement to solve conflicts. IGA is based on the genetic algorithm (GA) and employs the self‐adjusting mechanism of antibody concentration to enhance population diversity. Meanwhile, the elitism retention strategy is adopted in IGA to guarantee that the best individual (antibody) is not lost and destroyed in the next generation to strengthen convergence efficiency. The compared experiment between IGA and GA shows that the displacement result produced by IGA performs better than GA. Finally, in order to make the displaced map more attractive to cartographers, two constraints – the building alignment constraint and building tangent relation constraint – are applied in IGA to restrict the buildings’ displacement. The same experimental data are adopted to prove that the improved IGA is useful for maintaining the two constraints.     

南极菲尔德斯半岛表层土壤样品中细菌多样性的系统发育分析

通过PCR结合变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)技术对从南极长城站附近表层土壤样品中获得16SrDNA序列特征片段V3区序列进行分离。对其中的主要12条DGGE条带进行胶回收,获得的DNA片段经测序以及计算机比对分析发现,它们分别属于β、γ、δ-变形细菌(Proteobac-teria)、噬纤维菌-屈挠杆菌-拟杆菌(Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroides,CFB)群细菌、放线细菌(Actinobacteria)、蓝细菌属(Cyanobacteria)、酸杆菌属(Acidobacteria)和绿屈挠菌属(Chlo-roflexi)等系统分类群。南极表层土壤样品中的大部分16S rDNA序列与从其他土壤或沉积物样品中直接获得的序列相似性较高(93%-100%)。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987111000156

Employing the Unit Soil Carbon Amount (USCA) approach, soil carbon storage was calculated across the Northeast Plain of China based on the Multi-purpose Regional Geochemical Survey conducted in 2004 – 2006 (MRGS). The results indicated that the soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in topsoil (0 – 0.2 m), subsoil (0 – 1 m) and deep soil (0 – 1.8 m) was 768.1 Mt, 2978.4 Mt and 3729.2 Mt with densities of 3327.8 t/km2, 12,904.7 t/km2 and 16,157.5 t/km2, respectively. These values were consistent with national averages, whereas the soil carbon densities showed a clear increasing trend from the southern area of the Northeast Plain (Liaoning), to the middle (Jilin) and the northern Plain (Heilongjiang) — particularly in terms of topsoil carbon density, which increased from 2284.2, to 3436.7 and 3861.5 t/km2, respectively. In comparison to carbon data obtained from the Second National Soil Survey in 1984 – 1986 (SNSS), the topsoil SOC storage values from the MRGS were found to have decreased by 320.59 Mt (29.4%), with an average annual decline of 16.0 Mt (l.73%) over the 20 years. In the southern, middle and northern areas of the plain, soil carbon densities decreased by 1060.6 t/km2, 1646.4 t/km2 and 1300.2 t/km2, respectively, with an average value of 1389.0 t/km2 for the whole plain. These findings indicate that the decrease in soil carbon density varied according to the different ecosystems and land use types. Therefore, ratios of soil carbon density were calculated in order to study the carbon dynamic balance between ecosystems, and to further explore distribution characteristics, as well as the sequestration potential of SOC.     

六合—仪征第三纪大陆碱性玄武岩微量元素地球化学

本文报道了六合-仪征第三纪大陆碱性玄武岩十八个样品的REE、Rb、Ba、Sr、Nb、Zr、Ni、Cr、V、Sc、Y、Ga、Zn、Cu等痕量元素含量,讨论了该岩套的成因及其地幔源区的特征。石榴石橄榄岩型地幔源区经较小程度部分熔融形成了基性原始岩浆;其后经过橄榄石和单斜辉石为主的结晶分异作用,演化后的岩浆喷出地表形成玄武岩套。本区碱性玄武岩的地幔源区曾受近期富集作用影响,具有富集LREE等不相容元素的特征。