Developing a novel hybrid model for seismic loss prediction of regional-scale buildings

Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - Seismic loss prediction of regional-scale buildings provides key information for disaster management. However, previous seismic loss prediction models ignored...     

常见稀有气体采样容器研究进展及意义

稀有气体是地学研究的重要手段之一,在研究成矿流体来源、壳幔相互作用过程中具有重要的研究意义,其组成及同位素比值是研究天体和地质体来源、成岩机理及各种地质和物理化学过程的关键,可作为地球化学示踪剂。如何有效地在大气圈、水圈和岩石圈进行稀有气体同位素样品的提取,是气体同位素研究急需解决的基础科学问题,所以气体采样容器和取样技术显得尤为重要。本文在文献调研的基础上,对常见的采样容器的优缺点进行对比,并总结了不同采样容器对稀有气体取样的优劣性。常见的气体采集容器包括不锈钢瓶、铜管、玻璃瓶、气体采样袋、注射器等,而稀有气体的采集容器常为不锈钢瓶和铜管等;通过对比表明不锈钢瓶具有耐高温、耐高压、抗强腐蚀、不易燃、不易爆等特点和优越性,在气体样品采集和运输过程中稳定性最好,实验效果也最好;铜管采样效果和密封性好,但操作较为复杂;玻璃采样容器效果次之;石英玻璃瓶虽然操作简便,但是运输保存不便;气体采样袋和注射器的采集和运输储存效果较差。因此建议稀有气体样品采集使用不锈钢瓶和铜管以及钠钙材质的玻璃瓶,不建议将石英材质玻璃容器以及注射器和气袋作为稀有气体的采样工具。该工作可为气体地球化学的研究提供新的参考。     

Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties Degradation and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Coal Rock Caused by CO2 Injection

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Geological sequestration of greenhouse gases has gained extensive attentions in recent years, but the degradation law of mechanical parameters and the...     

Numerical Analysis of Soft Surrounding Rock Deformation in Freezing Shaft Sinking based on Temperature Partition

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - To master the deformation law of soft surrounding rock of well wall during freezing shaft sinking in water-rich area, the distribution of freezing...     

Influence of bare soil and cultivated land use types upstream of a bank gully on soil erosion rates and energy consumption for different gully erosion zones in the dry-hot valley region,Southwest China

This study assessed temporal variation in soil erosion rates in response to energy consumption of flow (ΔE). It employed an in situ bank gully field flume experiment with upstream catchment areas with bare (BLG) or cultivated land (CLG) that drained down to bare gully headcuts. Water discharge treatments ranged from 30 to 120 L Min⁻¹. Concentrated flow discharge clearly affected bank gully soil erosion rates. Excluding minimal discharge in the CLG upstream catchment area (30 L min⁻¹), a declining power function trend (p ≤ 0.1) was observed with time in soil erosion rates for both BLG and CLG upstream catchment areas and downstream gully beds. Non-steady state soil erosion rates were observed after an abrupt collapse along the headcut slope after prolonged scouring treatments. However, as the experiment progressed, ΔE and energy consumption of flow per unit soil loss (ΔEu) exhibited a logarithmic growth trend (p < 0.1) at each BLG and CLG position. Although similar temporal trends in soil erosion and infiltration rates were observed, values clearly differed between BLG and CLG upstream catchment areas. Furthermore, Darcy–Weisbach friction factor (f) values in the CLG upstream catchment area were higher than the corresponding BLG area. In contrast to the BLG upstream catchment area, lower ΔEu and higher soil erosion rates were observed in the CLG upstream catchment area as a result of soil disturbances. This indicated that intensive land use changes accelerate soil erosion rates in upstream catchment areas of bank gullies and increase soil sediment transport to downstream gullies. Accordingly, reducing tillage disturbances and increasing vegetation cover in upstream catchment areas of bank gullies are essential in the dry-hot valley region of Southwest China.

     

东准噶尔双泉金矿LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年及赋矿岩石地球化学特征

为了解双泉金矿成矿时代及成矿环境,分别对双泉金矿含金石英脉和赋矿岩石进行采样测试分析。高精度LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法测年结果表明,双泉金矿含金石英脉加权平均206Pb/238U年龄为(303.53±0.79)Ma,代表了含金石英脉形成年龄,属晚石炭世前后挤压推覆构造体系产物。与双泉金矿主成矿期年龄对比,结合矿区成矿条件及黄铁矿、毒砂等矿物形态特征,认为该金矿的形成不是一期结果,而是经历了预富集、富集的演化历程。赋矿岩石地球化学分析结果表明,岩石的SiO2、K2O、CaO(SiO2=58.82%~89.25%,K2O=1.12%~4.47%,CaO=0.52%~4.47%)含量高,Na2O含量低(Na2O=0.43%~1.76%),A/CNK值大于1,δ值小于3.3,属过铝质、钙碱性岩石,具富钾钙、贫钠镁特点;Ba相对Rb,Th亏损,K2O含量接近活动陆缘K2O含量,TiO2含量与岛弧TiO2含量接近,推断岩体形成于活动陆缘或岛弧环境;稀土元素具弱的负Eu、负Ce异常,(La/Sm)N值较(Gd/Yb)N值大,轻稀土元素分馏程度高于重稀土元素,表明岩浆具壳幔混熔特点。东准噶尔后碰撞阶段早石炭世至二叠纪晚期发生的陆-陆碰撞造山及伸展张弛构造运动可能是造成此结果的主要构造因素。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987114000668

Microbial diversity in the hydrate-containing (sites SH3B and SH7B) and-free (sites SH1B, SH5B, SH5C) sediments collected from the Shenhu area of the South China Sea (SCS) was investigated using 16S rR...     

中国喀斯特天坑研究起源、进展与展望

喀斯特天坑是20世纪末首先在中国南方峰丛和峰林喀斯特地区中发现的一种特殊且宏大的地表负地形,由于具有独特的科学价值和旅游价值,自被发现以来便引起了国内外地貌学者和地质学者的高度关注。对于喀斯特天坑(tiankeng)能否显著区别于其它普通漏斗,而成为一种独立的喀斯特地貌类型,国内外学者已从形态学、成因学、演化发生学等方面进行了深入探究,但仍未取得完全共识。国内外学者在其分类、形成与演化机制、发育条件、地质年代判定、岩溶生态环境等一系列问题上,也进行了较深入的探讨与激烈的争论。同时,对于喀斯特天坑价值的讨论以及开发与保护方面的研究也正引起国内外学者越来越多的关注。为此,论文围绕中国喀斯特天坑的研究阶段、研究进展、价值和开发与保护等主要议题进行了系统性的梳理与评述,进而提出中国喀斯特天坑当前研究中存在的问题和未来的研究方向。