洞庭湖地区农业功能时空演变的影响机制研究

农业功能的时空演变规律和影响因素研究是引导地区分工、凸显地域价值、促进区域协调发展的科学依据。以洞庭湖地区24个县市区为研究区域,分别从粮食生产功能、就业与社会保障功能、生态保育功能和旅游休闲功能构建评价指标体系,运用熵值法、农业功能变化时空差异诊断模型、地理探测器等方法模型对洞庭湖地区1997—2017年农业功能的动态变化过程、影响因素与作用机制进行研究。结果表明：① 1997—2017年洞庭湖地区农业功能时空变化特征显著：洞庭湖地区粮食生产功能整体呈增强趋势,且中部地区增强明显;就业与社会保障功能整体呈减弱变化趋势,市辖区尤为明显;生态保育功能整体呈减弱趋势且变化幅度大,石门县、安化县等丘陵地区减弱明显,而洞庭湖中部平原区域增强;旅游休闲功能整体呈增强变化态势,石门县、桃江县等地区以及各市辖区旅游休闲功能大幅度提升。② 农业发展基础是农业功能演变的决定性因素,地区发展水平是农业功能演变的重要因素,生产环境质量是洞庭湖地区农业功能演变的基础因素;地区发展水平对农业功能演变的影响程度逐渐上升,生产环境质量因素的影响程度逐渐下降;各影响因子之间存在交互作用,农业功能时空的演变过程及结构受到多个因子共同影响,说明洞庭湖地区农业功能演变的影响因素存在显著的复杂性特征。     

Impact of the displacement damage in channel and source/drain regions on the DC characteristics degradation in deep-submicron MOSFETs after heavy ion irradiation

This paper mainly reports the permanent impact of displacement damage induced by heavy-ion strikes on the deep-submicron MOSFETs. Upon the heavy ion track through the device, it can lead to displacement damage, including the vacancies and the interstitials. As the featured size of device scales down, the damage can change the dopant distribution in the channel and source/drain regions through the generation of radiation-induced defects and thus have significant impacts on their electrical characteristics. The measured results show that the radiation-induced damage can cause DC characteristics degradations including the threshold voltage, subthreshold swing, saturation drain current, transconductance, etc. The radiation-induced displacement damage may become the dominant issue while it was the secondary concern for the traditional devices after the heavy ion irradiation. The samples are also irradiated by Co-60 gamma ray for comparison with the heavy ion irradiation results. Corresponding explanations and analysis are discussed.     

压裂防砂技术在南堡35—2油田大斜度井的应用

南堡35—2油田明化镇组储层为中高孔、中高渗疏松砂岩稠油油藏,需要压裂防砂来实现增产和防砂。根据端部脱砂压裂的原理,并结合南堡35—2油田A16井明化镇组储层特点,优选出适合该井压裂防砂的清洁压裂液、支撑剂和工具,针对井斜大的特点优化了压裂防砂工艺,采用一趟管柱对明化镇1油组和0油组成功进行了压裂防砂施工。压后油井产液量提高明显,且不出砂,证明压裂防砂达到了增产和防砂的双重作用,是开发疏松砂岩稠油油藏的一项进攻性措施。     

Sediment oxygen consumption in semi-closed Korean coastal bays during summer

We used an oxygen microsensor for high-resolution measurements of pore water oxygen concentration in semi-closed coastal bays of the South Sea of Korea during summer. The oxygen penetration depths ranged from 0.60 to 3.65 mm. Oxygen consumption rates were estimated to be 9.1 to 59 mmol m^?2 d^?1 (average: 22.8 mmol m^?2 d^?1). At the sediment-water interface, the oxidation rates of organic carbon were estimated to be 84–545 mg C m^?2 d^?1 (average: 211 mg C m^?2 d^?1). Approximately 38% (～211 mg C m^?2 d^?1) of pelagic primary production was regenerated in the surface sediment, indicating the tight benthic-pelagic coupling in the coastal sea of the South Sea of Korea.     

信息化建设中信息安全的定位和构筑策略

信息安全事件的不断增多使得在信息化建设中信息安全受到越来越多的重视。如何在信息化建设中更好的规划和应用信息安全,确保信息化建设的成功是本文关注的重点。本文从技术和管理两个方面对信息安全涉及到的内容进行了阐述,并结合信息系统等级保护,探讨了在信息化建设中如何从宏观和微观两个角度进行信息安全建设。     

Microphytobenthic biomass and species composition in intertidal flats of the Nakdong River estuary, Korea

Intertidal microphytobenthos (MPB) were investigated monthly from August 2006 to March 2008 at four different sites in the sand flats of Nakdong River estuary, Korea. Samples of surface sediment (ca. 1 cm) were collected, and chlorophyll a was extracted as biomass estimation. Species identification and enumeration were carried out by light microscopy, assisted where necessary by scanning electronic microscopy. Biomass varied between 0.47 and 16.58 μg cm⁻³, abundance changed from 5.25 to 414.75 × 10³ cells cm⁻³, while the Shannon diversity indexes ranged between 0.69 and 2.35 H′. Thirty-nine MPB taxa were identified, primarily composed of epipelic diatoms, among which Amphora and Navicula were the most abundant genera. Based on the biomass, abundance, species composition and their dynamics, MPB assemblages of sampling sites were grouped into three distinct communities corresponding to their sediment composition characteristics. Multivariate correlation analysis revealed that biomass was positively related to mud and very fine sand, negatively related to fine and medium sand, but not significantly related to environmental factors such as pore water nutrients, light intensity and salinity, which fluctuated rapidly during emersion period. Cluster analysis corroborated the division of MPB communities according to site types on seasonal scales, and also showed seasonality between sites by cluster of all summer groups. Principal component analysis identified that variability in species composition was significantly affected by mud, very fine sand, fine sand, light intensity, and sediment temperature. This study suggests that sediment composition plays an important role in the functioning of intertidal MPB communities in estuarine ecosystems.     

地球信息技术在血吸虫病孳生环境研究中的应用分析

血吸虫病的流行传播与地理环境要素有着直接或间接的关系,构成地球信息技术在该领域应用的切入点。本文首先回顾了血吸虫病孳生环境研究方面存在着一些问题,进行了血吸虫病流行传播机理的地学多元分析,研究了地球信息技术在血吸虫病研究中的条件和一般程序;然后通过归纳总结血吸虫病滋生地的环境地学特征和地球信息技术在这方面应用的基本原理和启示,认为地球信息技术进行血吸虫滋生环境监测过程中的不确定性问题非常复杂,必须不断引进遥感技术的最新成果(人工智能、专家系统、基于知识的遥感分类等),提高遥感监测的精度;另外,血吸虫病流行与传播的最关键因子是阳性钉螺和疫水中尾蚴的密度,故应该辅以GIS其他专题数据和地面实测数据,进行空间建模和模拟分析。     

The impacts of moisture transport of East Asian monsoon on summer precipitation in Northeast China

By using the ECMWF reanalysis daily data and daily precipitation data of 80 stations in Northeast China from 1961 to 2002, the impacts of moisture transport of East Asian summer monsoon on the summer precipitation anomaly in Northeast China, and the relationship between the variation of moisture budget and the establishment of East Asian summer monsoon in this region are studied. The results demonstrate that the moisture of summer precipitation in Northeast China mainly originates from subtropical, South China Sea, and South Asia monsoon areas. East China and its near coastal area are the convergent region of the monsoonal moisture currents and the transfer station for the currents continually moving northward. The monsoonal moisture transport, as an important link or bridge, connects the interaction between middle and low latitude systems. In summer half year, there is a moisture sink in Northeast China where the moisture influx is greater than outflux. The advance transport and accumulation of moisture are of special importance to pentad time scale summer precipitation. The onset, retreat, and intensity change of the monsoonal rainy season over Northeast China are mainly signified by the moisture input condition along the southern border of this area. The establishment of East Asian summer monsoon in this area ranges from about 10 July to 20 August and the onset in the west is earlier than that in the east. The latitude that the monsoon can reach is gradually northward from west to east, reaching 50°N within longitude 120°-135°E. In summer, the difference of air mass transport between summers with high and low rainfall mainly lies in whether more air masses originating from lower latitudes move northward through East China and its coastal areas, consequently transporting large amounts of hot and humid air into Northeast China.     

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