Managing water resources system in a mixed inexact environment using superiority and inferiority measures

A superiority–inferiority-based fuzzy-stochastic integer programming (SI-FSIP) method is developed for water resources management under uncertainty. In the SI-FSIP method, techniques of fuzzy mathematical programming with the superiority and inferiority measures and joint chance-constrained programming are integrated into an inexact mixed integer linear programming framework. The SI-FSIP improves upon conventional inexact fuzzy programming by directly reflecting the relationships among fuzzy coefficients in both the objective function and constraints with a high computational efficiency, and by comprehensively examining the risk of violating joint probabilistic constraints. The developed method is applied to a case study of water resources planning and flood control within a multi-stream and multi-reservoir context, where several studied cases (including policy scenarios) associated with different joint and individual probabilities are investigated. Reasonable solutions including binary and continuous decision variables are generated for identifying optimal strategies for water allocation, flood diversion and capacity expansion; the tradeoffs between total benefit and system-disruption risk are also analyzed. As the first attempt for planning such a water-resources system through the SI-FSIP method, it has potential to be applied to many other environmental management problems.     

井水位前驱波普遍性问题的探讨

Taking five underground water level observation wells with high earthquake response capability and located in Shanxi, Hebei and Inner Mongolia as study objects, this paper studies and discusses the gen...     

考虑地震环境影响的高层建筑设定地震研究

以烟台地区一高层建筑为研究对象,结合概率地震危险性分析结果,确定出不同周期下的最大贡献潜源区.再利用震级空间联合概率分布函数以及震级、震中距计算公式计算设定地震震级和震中距,并结合研究区的地震地质背景、发震断裂及其活动性等特征,给出设定地震的具体空间位置.最后根据震级、震中距以及地震动衰减关系确定设定地震反应谱.该方法得到的结果能够直接反映地震危险性,有利于获得考虑地震环境影响的基岩地震动输入参数.此外,还可以为研究区自振周期小于6s的建(构)筑物的抗震设防提供参考依据.     

地磁匹配导航中适配区的选择

对地磁匹配导航中适配区的选择进行了研究,给出了选择适配区的基本原则,研究了基于磁场特征参数 和基于地磁特征参数信息熵的适配区选择方法,结果表明基于地磁特征参数信息熵的适配区选择方法更有效,更适合作为适配区的选择标准。     

内蒙古昌图希勒斯台幅1∶50 000矿产地质图数据库

内蒙古昌图希勒斯台幅(L50E015021)1∶50 000矿产地质图数据库基于数字地质填图系统建立,实现了从前期资料准备→野外地质填图→室内综合整理→最终成果表达的全程数字化,有效开展了对各类数据的一体化描述、存储、组织和利用。数据库建立过程中采用“火山构造—岩性岩相—火山地层”填图方法,重新厘定了火山岩地层,详细划分了火山岩相、喷发旋回及其组合类型,重点查明了火山岩、火山构造、火山活动与成矿作用的关系,总结了中生代火山岩区金属矿产成矿地质条件和成矿规律。数据库的数据内容包含8个地层单位、4期火山喷发旋回、8处成矿远景区、6处找矿靶区,此外,还包含有1170件化学样品数据、261件土壤样分析数据、108件岩石地球化学数据、222件光薄片样品、35件S和Pb同位素数据、10件H和O同位素数据和4个锆石U-Pb年龄。初步查明图幅内新发现的昌图锡力银铅锌锰矿334₁银金属量为1028.35 t,铅金属量为11.25万t,锌金属量为9.36万t,锰金属量为55.24万t,达到大型银多金属矿床规模。本数据库内容详实、可利用度高,为大兴安岭中南段中生代火山岩区深入开展矿产资源调查评价和金属矿产勘探开发提供了重要基础性数据资料支撑。     

内蒙古北柳图庙幅1∶50 000地质图数据库

内蒙古北柳图庙幅（K49E011021）1∶50 000地质图根据《区域地质调查技术要求（1∶50 000）》（DD 2019–01）和行业的其他统一标准及要求,充分利用1∶200 000区域地质、1∶50 000矿产调查工作资料,采用数字地质调查系统（DGSS）,结合Spot、ETM、Aster等多种遥感影像对构造及岩性边界不断验证和完善,最终绘制成图,是内蒙古温都尔庙—白乃庙地区具有重要参考意义的成果图件之一。图件详细填绘了白乃庙岛弧带的物质组成和构造组合特点,对志留系、二叠系、白垩系等沉积建造类型进行了重新划分,把区内侵入岩划分为4个期次,并构建了相对完善的构造演化序列。图幅数据库的数据内容包含有3个非正式填图单位、10个正式地层单位、4期岩浆事件和2期构造变形,以及176个样品的岩石全分析数据,10个样品的锆石U–Pb年龄数据,数据量为28.9 MB。该图幅细化了北侧温都尔庙构造带向南侧俯冲过程形成的白乃庙岛弧带的构造、岩浆演化过程,反映了1∶50 000区域地质调查最新示范性成果,对温都尔庙造山带古生代构造演化具有重要的科学研究价值,对后续该区域的地质调查工作也具有参考和借鉴意义。该图幅为中国地质调查局第一幅开展智能化区域地质调查填图的试点图幅,首次实现了中国区域地质调查工作的全流程智能化野外调查。     

落底式止水帷幕条件下基坑涌水量计算研究

涌漏点的存在使得落底式止水帷幕条件下基坑涌水量的计算成为一个有待解决的技术难题。在承压含水层中开挖落底式深基坑时,针对落底式止水帷幕渗漏的不确定性,建立承压含水层中落底式基坑非完整井降水水文地质模型。基于Theis非完整井非稳定流理论,结合映射原理,推导等效渗透系数计算公式,并提出涌漏系数法用以评价落底式止水帷幕隔渗效果以及计算基坑涌水量。以武汉某深基坑降水工程为例,采用该方法评价止水帷幕的隔渗效果以及对其基坑涌水量进行计算,并与实测结果和传统方法计算结果分别进行对比验证。结果显示涌漏系数法计算误差较小,且计算过程简便,兼具安全性和经济性。研究结果可应用于指导工程设计,具有一定实际应用价值。     

Resources and environmental systems management under synchronic interval uncertainties

Resources and environmental systems management (RESM) is challenged by the synchronic effects of interval uncertainties in the related practices. The synchronic interval uncertainties are misrepresented as random variables, fuzzy sets, or interval numbers in conventional RESM programming techniques including stochastic programming. This may lead to ineffectiveness of resources allocation, high costs of recourse measures, increased risks of unreasonable decisions, and decreased optimality of system profits. To fill the gap of few corresponding studies, a synchronic interval linear programming (SILP) method is proposed in this study. The proposition of interval sets and interval functions and coupling them with linear programming models lead to development of an SILP model for RESM. This enables incorporation of interval uncertainties in resource constraints and synchronic interval uncertainties in the programming objective into the optimization process. An analysis of the distribution-independent geometric properties of the feasible regions of SILP models results in proposition of constraint violation likelihoods. The tradeoff between system optimality and constraint violation is analyzed. The overall optimality of SILP systems under synchronic intervalness is quantified through proposition of integrally optimal solutions. Integration of these efforts leads to a violation-constrained interval integral method for optimization of RESM systems under synchronic interval uncertainties. Comparisons with selected existing methods reveal the effectiveness of SILP at eliminating negativity of synchronic intervalness, enabling risk management of and achieving overall optimality of RESM systems, and enhancing the reliability of optimization techniques for RESM problems. The exploited framework for analyzing synchronic interval uncertainties in RESM systems is helpful for addressing synchronisms of other uncertainties such as randomness or fuzziness and avoiding the resultant decision mistakes and disasters due to neglecting them.     

河北省地质钻孔资料分析

地质钻孔资料是工程地质、矿产勘察等报告中广泛使用的资料,具有重要的二次开发和使用价值,对于工程项目的启动如:规划、设计、施工等具有重要意义。搜集河北省现有地质钻孔资料,给出该省钻孔分布图、场地类别分布图、各市等厚线图;以钻孔资料中剪切波速作为液化判别指标,判断场地液化情况;以邯郸地区钻孔资料为例,进行三维地层划分,与磁县断裂结合分析,发现断裂在地下的分布状态直观可见,从而为断裂分析提供一种直观手段。     

2016年运城4.4级地震序列精定位及发震构造分析

根据2016年运城4.4级地震序列资料,进行余震精定位、主震震源机制和发震构造等研究。地震震中分布结果显示,本次地震的发生构造与以往该地区震群型地震发震构造不同,构造单元相对简单,发生在盐湖北岸断裂附近。余震双差精定位结果显示,余震优势分布呈NNE向,NW向也有零星活动。精定位后震源深度集中分布在15-24 km,平均深度20.2 km,断层剖面深度集中分布在18-23 km,倾向NW,与盆地地形构造吻合。采用Snoke与CAP方法得到的震源机制解基本一致,此次序列的主震错断方式为走滑兼逆冲,节面B参数与中条山山前断裂东段走向和倾向接近。综合认为,本次运城地震序列的余震呈NNE向优势分布,精定位结合地震震源机制结果,推断此次地震序列发震断裂为中条山山前断裂的NNE向隐伏断裂。