影响C4草本植物C/N比值变化的因素与土壤有机C积累的关系

文章对采自贵州从低海拔的东部到高海拔的西部且大致平行的石灰岩和砂岩两地带均生长的3种C₄草本植物,即巴茅(Miscanthusfloridulus)、白茅(Imperatacylindrica)和类芦(Neyraudiareynaudiana),以及相对应的土壤表层样品,进行了营养元素和C同位素组成分析;研究营养元素含量随着海拔的不同而出现的变化趋势,以及这些元素之间的相互协变作用,尤其是Ca和N之间的相互协变作用对植物的N含量、C/N比值和^δ13C值的影响,以了解植物的C/N比值(指示植物残留物质量的一种标志)与土壤有机C积累的关系。研究结果表明,植物的N含量和^δ13C值具有随海拔的上升而显著增大趋势,而植物的C/N比值在砂岩地区虽有减小的趋势,在石灰岩地带则没有。对所研究的C4草本植物来说,在土壤pH值为5.8的中性条件下显示出Ca的最大吸收,因此,Ca与其他营养元素之间的协变模式在两种土壤类型中表现出相反的倾向,并存在土壤交换性Ca的边界浓度:当土壤可交换性Ca的含量为2.24mg/g,相应土壤的pH值在5.8以下时,随着土壤可交换性Ca浓度的增大,植物的N含量上升,而植物的C/N比值会显著降低;当Ca在边界浓度以上时,随着土壤可交换性Ca浓度的增大,植物的N含量下降,而植物的C/N比值有增加的趋势。由此可见,植物残留物的N含量和C/N比值受Ca元素含量的相     

层序界面和界线层型相结合而产生的地层划分的一个新概念：最优自然界线

通过对层序界面的详细剖析，指明了层序地层系统是独立存在于地方性的岩石地层系统和全球性的年代地层系统之间的区域性、过渡性地层系统，并因此提出了一个新的三重地层分类方案；通过将层序界面概念和界线层型概念有机地结合起来，提出了应该将全球层型剖面和点选在层序界面的整合部位从而建立最佳自然界线的观点，为建阶工作指出了工程层位和地区；以二叠纪Ｇｕａｄａｌｕｐｉａｎ统和乐平统的分界研究为实例，对最佳自然界线的概     

试论地层学的新体系与建立新一代年代地层表

全球层型剖面和点（ＧＳＳＰ）应尽可能在层序界面的整合部位,从而将地层的自然界线、层 ＧＳＳＰ有机地结合起来,使年代地层界线可在野外识别和追索,层序地层可以做为岩石地层和年代地层的而独立存在,构成新的三重地层分类,地层界线的优化应尽可能与层序界面相结合,以使其具有更强的可损伤性,随着层序地层学的发展及其在地层学和概念上取得了的创新和突破,有在新的地层学体系指导下建立新一代年代地层表,从而更加客观地反     

一种非平稳噪声背景下的线谱相干检测方法

舰艇目标航行时往往向水中辐射大量线状谱结构的声波信号,线谱信号检测对舰艇目标的被动探测至关重要.实际水下环境噪声常表现为时域非平稳噪声,常规离散傅里叶变换类线谱检测方法时域积分时,不可避免会引入非平稳噪声背景中出现的短时强干扰噪声,使积分结果中线谱信噪比大幅降低,线谱检测性能急剧恶化.为解决上述问题,对分段离散傅里叶变...     

Nutrient uptake by mulberry and Chinese prickly ash associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Understanding how nutrient absorption processes in plants are related to arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) association is critical for predicting the effects of AM symbiosis on elemental cycling for plants. Both mulberry (Morus alba) and Chinese prickly ash (Zanthoxylum bungeanum) are AM-associated plants, widely distributed in southwest China. It was hypothesized that if the nutrient absorption processes were efficiently associated with AM symbiosis in both mulberry and Chinese prickly ash, foliar nutrient concentrations—especially calcium (Ca)—would be primarily determined by the soil conditions in different regions. To investigate this, AM colonization levels of soils, nutrient levels in soils and leaves, and δ¹³C values of leaves were analyzed for mulberry and Chinese prickly ash. In this study, spore density in soils with low pH was higher than that in soils with high pH. The average concentrations of sugar delivered to roots in both mulberry and Chinese prickly ash in soil with relatively low pH and soil extractable cations were higher than those in other areas. The values of foliar δ¹³C in both mulberry and Chinese prickly ash in low soil-pH and soil extractable cations were lower than those in contrast areas, indicating that water availability was impacted by soil characteristics. The efficiency in AM-mediated processes might play an important role in translocation between soil nutrients and plant tissue. The results suggest uptake and translocation of nutrients, especially Ca, in AM-associated plants may be affected by an efficiency of AM-mediated processes. Since Sr does not appear to be similarly affected, expressing Ca and other nutrient concentrations relative to Sr could be used to evaluate whether the uptake and translocation of Ca and other nutrients are affected by AM-mediated processes.     

Geochemical characteristic of hydrocarbon compounds in the Hangzhou Bay

The source and distribution of the organic pollutants such as the oil , n-alkanes籥romatic,and the pesticide in the water column, suspended particulates and surface sediments in the Hangzhou Bay (HB) during winter 1987 and summer 1988 are studied with analytical method of fluorometry, GC, LC, GC-MS, etc.The influence of the tide and salinity on the distribution of dissolved and paniculate organic matter is investigated in this paper. The data show that the highest content of suspending silt, organic matter > and chemical oxygen demand (COD) occurs at salinity 15. This results from the fact that the water front limits the transfer and dispersion of the matter in different water mass, and enriches the suspending silt and organic matter in water column.The running direction of the oil-content equivalue lines is similar to that of the water front, and interrelated closely with the terrestrial materials from the Changjiang River.     

对流层上层斜压波包活动与2003年江淮流域梅雨的关系

利用NCEP/NCAR再分析和中国740站逐日降水资料, 研究了2003年淮河流域梅雨期间对流层上层斜压波动的传播情况。结果发现, 斜压波组织成波包向下游传播且具有明显的下游频散效应。波动起源于巴尔喀什湖西北侧, 沿着西北－东南向的路径向东南传播, 传至江淮流域大约需要3天。斜压波包所带来的扰动能量为江淮流域暴雨的发生发展提供了必要的能量积聚。通过与1998和1997年这两个梅雨年份的比较, 发现1998年异常强梅雨年的斜压波包的活动特征与2003年的相似, 但在梅雨降水非常偏少的1997年, 未发现有明显的斜压波包向下游的传播。     

Seasonality of Interannual Inter-hemispheric Oscillations over the Past Five Decades

Air mass is inter-hemispherically redistributed, leading to an interesting phenomenon known as the Inter-Hemispheric Oscillation (IHO). In the present article, the seasonality of the interannual IHO has been examined by employing monthly mean reanalyses from NCEP/NCAR, EAR40, and JRA25 for the period of 1958-2006. It is found that the IHO indices as calculated from different reanalyses are generally consistent with each other. A distinct seesaw structure in all four seasons between the northern and southern...     

中朝地台奥陶系层序地层序列及其对比

中朝地台的奥陶系可发为１６个层 序,４个层序组和２个中层序,大部分层序有良好的牙形石带控制,可进行跨越板块的广泛对比,奥陶纪该区有４次重要的海侵事件,分别出现在 组下 部、北庵庄组下部、峰峰组和下部和桃曲坡组下部,是全球海平面变化与区域性构造运动共同作用的结果,冶里组下部层序（ＯＳｑ１）的最大少泛面与牙形石Ｃｏｄｙｌｏｄｕｓｌｉｎｄｓｔｒｏｅｍｉ的首现层位十分接近,可作为寒武／奥陶系的阳佳自然界线     

MSRT的太阳观测能力

密云米波综合孔径射电望远镜（ ＭＳＲＴ） 是一架同时具有高空间分辨率和高时间分辨率,高灵敏度的大型设备,工作频率在２３２ ＭＨｚ。使用该望远镜能得到太阳爆发的空间分布及其随时间变化的丰富信息,所得数据将填补我国具有空间分辨率的太阳射电数据的空白。在国际太阳活动监测中,由于地理位置原因,也是其它同类设备不可取代的。可以期待在第２３ 周太阳峰年的观测与研究中,得到新的有意义的数据和研究成果