上海市海洋环境监测现状研究

上海市海域开发利用强度大,海洋环境形势不容乐观。2009年机构改革后,上海市探索陆海统筹的管理新体制,海洋环境监测工作逐步发展。文章总结了上海市海洋环境监测现状,分析存在的主要问题是监测体系不够健全、近岸海洋环境污染形势严峻、危化品风险源监管不足、有机污染物环境本底不清,以及对外来生物入侵重视不足等,并对未来发展提出了针对性建议,建议尽快完善监测体系,优化监测布局,提高有效应对突发事件的能力,以便更好地服务于海洋环保事业。     

广西扶绥-崇左地区铝土矿矿产远景调查主要进展及成果

在龙州地区首次发现早石炭世的堆积型铝土矿矿源层,提出广西堆积型铝土矿至少存在早石炭世和晚二叠世两个时代的矿源层。探索运用高密度电阻率法寻找古风化壳沉积型铝土矿的有效性试验工作。提交新发现矿产地4处,探获新增铝土矿(3341)资源量5289.15万吨。重新厘定区域地层岩性及岩相特征,系统总结区内铝土矿矿床(点)的时空分布特征、控矿地质条件、成矿规律及找矿标志,建立了区域成矿模式和预测找矿模型,圈定成矿远景区5处,找矿靶区6处,开展区域矿产预测,初步评价了本区铝土矿资源潜力。为该地区下一步地质调查、矿产勘查规划和开发提供了丰硕的基础资料和有益参考。     

Analysis of Safe Span Length and Fatigue Life of Submarine Pipelines

Owing to the complex environmental conditions, suspension could induce complicated forces on submarine pipelines and even cause vortex-induced vibration, resulting in fatigue damage of pipelines. Through aiming at the 28-inch submarine pipeline in the East China Sea, the pipeline was segmented according to the similarity, considering the factors of pipe assembly, typhoon, current, wave and seabed topography. The effects of span length on natural frequency in each section of submarine pipeline were analyzed by finite element model. The maximum safe span length allowed by each pipeline section was verified by fatigue cumulative damage theory, and the fatigue life of each pipeline section were predicted. The results showed that each order natural frequency of the pipeline decreased with the increase of span length. The calculated results of empirical formulas were much smaller than those of the FEM analysis. The increase of the gap between the suspended pipeline and the seabed was beneficial to enhance the fatigue life of the suspended pipeline.     

SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon Age of the Ka''''erjiao Intrusion in the Sawur Region in West Junggar,Xinjiang

Acid intrusions are widespread in the Sawur region, Xinjiang. The Ka'erjiao intrusion is mainly composed of albite granite porphyry, K-feldspar granite porphyry, ivernite and granite porphyry. Being a transitional product between magma intrusion and eruption in the Sawur region, the Ka'erjiao intrusion was formed at the telophase of the late Carboniferous to the begining of early Permian as determined by the SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating, with an age of 302.6±7.6 Ma (1σ). The intrusion consists of alkali-enriched rock, whose REE distribution patterns are of the LREE enrichment type, theδEu value is low and Nd, Sr, Pb isotopes reflect its mantle source characteristics. Theδ18O value of intrusion is low as a result of isotope exchange with meteoric water. The geochemical characteristics show that it was formed in a post-collisional tectonic setting. Taking combined considerations of current studies of A-type granites and Permian volcanic rocks, we think that in the telophase of the late Carboniferous to the beginning of the early Permian, the Sawur region was within the extension or compressional to extensional period of a post-collisional stage. The Ka'erjiao intrusion from mantle sources can confirm the vertical continental crust growth in the late Paleozoic. The Sawur region in west Junggar is consistent with east Junggar in post-collisional tectonic evolution process.     

The study on a new technology of waterway information system

It is a lot limitations to survey and design waterway by the CAD technique,due to timely variation of hydrology and ecology in the complicated estuary area,such as Changjing River estuary.In this paper,the advantages of GIS technique is applied to manage and process the multi kind,multi scale and multi time hydrographic parameters,including water depth,current velocity,tidal,waves,wind speed,temperature and salinity etc.,also to deal with different projection,different scale charts.Meanwhile,in the paper,combination techniques of GIS and CAD has been developed for unification of the charts for efficient management,two-way automatic carts conversion between GIS and CAD,automatic cutting and assemble of a number of Charts,flight path of the projection of spatial data and coordinate transformation.This new technique has been applied to survey and design waterway of Changing River estuary.The result shows that the combination technology of GIS and CAD has application potentiality in the waterway survey and design.     

文峪金矿矿床成因讨论

流体包裹体测温表明 ,文峪金矿成矿温度 180～ 45 0℃ ,为中高温热液。成矿压力 1.0×10 5～ 1.4× 10 5k Pa,根据静岩压力推算的成矿深度为 3.6～ 5 .2 km。包裹体盐度特征显示出成矿场内流体以深源流体为主 ,混合的地表渗透水所占比例约 10 %～ 15 %。文峪金矿成矿过程中导致矿质沉淀的主要因素是温度下降及由此导致的 CO2 - H2 O不混溶现象。文峪及小秦岭地区金矿床的成矿热液来源于与文峪花岗岩同源演化的深部岩浆热液。金矿的成矿时代为中生代中晚期     

真江蓠杭州湾海域栽培试验及生态因子对藻体生长的影响

在杭州湾上海金山海域进行了真江蓠(Gracilaria verrucosa)栽培试验并在实验室内研究了温度、盐度和光照强度对真江蓠生长的影响。结果表明,温度、盐度和光照强度对真江蓠的生长影响极显著(P0.01)。真江蓠生长适宜温度为20~30℃;适宜盐度为15~25;适宜光照强度在90μmol/(m2.s)左右。温度、盐度和光照强度对真江蓠生长存在显著的交互效应(P0.05),三者的最佳组合为温度25℃、盐度20和光照强度90μmol/(m2.s)。海区栽培实验表明真江蓠可在杭州湾海域正常生长,全年平均特定生长率(RSG)为9.42%/d。     

降雨诱发型堆积层滑坡的位移动力学特征分析

根据降雨诱发型堆积层边坡物质组成特点与位移构成性质,建立了边坡粘弹性位移动力学模型与位移动力学方程,并以此为基础系统分析了其位移动力学行为和特征以及位移与地下水位或降雨量定量关系,发现了边坡的位移动力学特征主要取决于边坡的地下水位及其变化规律,且其位移和位移速度在整体失稳前具有强烈的波动性。上述位移动力学规律表明,仅运用位移或位移速度作为单一动力学响应参数来评价与预测该类边坡稳定性存在一定局限性。因此,选择和建立堆积层滑坡的位移多源信息预测理论与模型将具有重要的理论意义与实用价值。     

山西断裂带断层现今活动特征及与中强震关系浅析

断层的运动方式与滑动速率是断层活动性分析的主要内容,本文利用山西地区的10处 跨断层流动场地和4处定点台站的观测资料,计算了断层垂直升降累积量、断层垂直活动速 率,定量地给出断层现今活动性质与背景活动方式,然后采用主成分分析方法对所有的资料进 行综合分析,给出区域内断层活动的总体活动水平。结果表明：山西断裂带大多数断层活动为 张性正断层活动,南部断层累积活动量较大,中北部相对较小。断层垂直活动速率综合指标反 映出山西断裂带断层总体活动具有较好的趋势性特征,活动规律明显,并且在中强地震前出现 显著异常变化,其与山西地区及周边的5.0级以上地震有较好的对应。断层活动在2013年又 一次出现了破趋势的异常变化,本文认为对此应引起注意并加强跟踪分析。     

地震的应变张量观测与应用前景

地震发生时的动态应变场,在研究地震触发、地震破裂、地面破坏、水文和岩浆变化等方面都具有重要应用意义.地震的应变张量观测和现有的惯性地震仪观测的物理量不同.前者可以直接记录到地震发生时震源辐射的应变（应力）波,而后者记录到的是位移、速度或加速度.地震频率的应变测量在地震学中的应用前景主要表现在：①测量震源机制解理论预言的辐射4象限分布;②测量库仑应力变化;③换算成动态应力以评估地震烈度;④测量地震波的能量密度;⑤测量地震断层形变加速和形变局部化过程.用惯性地震仪的记录虽然在理论上也可以解算出动态应变值,然而种种原因导致计算结果的误差很大,往往不可接受.应变张量地震仪若能与现有的惯性地震仪配套起来,形成大规模台阵,则有可能推动应变地震学的诞生,在地震观测和地震学科领域引起重大革新.