西部大地形变数据库设计与建设

介绍西部大地形变数据库的设计与建设.     

大雾天气对城市环境中空气质量的影响及危害

商丘市的大雾多形成在大陆高压型、冷锋前暖区型、均压场型、(低压)倒槽型天气形势中。空气中的污染物不仅增加了水汽凝结核,那些可溶性气溶胶还降低了饱和水汽压,使空气中的水汽更容易饱和,因此被污染的空气更容易形成雾。而大雾天气抑制了近地面层污染物的垂直扩散,加剧了城市污染。     

地磁场模型及在海洋环境中的应用需求研究

地磁场是地球固有的基本物理场,地磁场模型是海洋环境保障的重要信息.分析了对地磁场建模理论、现今具有代表性的主磁场模型、地壳异常模型及其他磁场模型最新研究成果,对照地磁场模型在海洋环境中的应用现状,认为现今地磁场模型的分辨率和精度等技术指标尚未能满足地磁匹配导航和水下目标探测等保障需求.提出要深化海域磁场模型应用需求论证...     

Factors influencing the accuracy of the photogrammetry-based deformation measurement method

Triaxial test has been widely used to investigate the stress–strain relationship of unsaturated soils. During triaxial testing, soil volume is an essential parameter to be measured. For an unsaturated soil, due to the presence of air phase, accurate volume/deformation measurement during triaxial testing was a great challenge for researchers. Recently, a photogrammetry-based method has been developed to measure the soil volume/deformation during triaxial testing. Preliminary triaxial test results indicate the new method is simple, accurate, and cost- and time-effective. However, some concerns regarding its measurement accuracy and applicability, which are critical for the dissemination of the photogrammetry-based method, have been raised by other researchers. These concerns were addressed in details in this study. The factors concerning the deformation measurement accuracy were systematically evaluated through a series of triaxial tests on an aluminum cylinder with different confining media and chamber pressures. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to investigate the impact of the system parameters on the volume measurement accuracy of the photogrammetry-based method. In addition, a triaxial test on a saturated sand specimen was conducted to evaluate the influences of mesh density, mesh pattern, and interpolation technique on the volume change measurement accuracy. Finally, some suggestions were provided to improve the accuracy of the photogrammetry-based measurement method.

     

非线性奇异摄动问题的微分求积区域分裂法

应用微分求积区域分裂法求解非线性奇异摄动问题。数值实验结果表明，该法准确度高，计算量少。     

大别山东部花岗岩类的稀土元素地球化学及其地质意义

在研究大别山东部主要花岗岩体的稀土元素地球化学特征、稀土元素配分型式的基础上 ,探讨了花岗岩体的物质来源、成岩模式及其构造意义。研究表明 :(1)大别山东部出露的主要花岗岩类岩体的物质来源基本相同 ,且源区具有古岛弧的特征 ;(2 )各岩体的成岩模式呈现以分离结晶作用为主的特征 ;(3)花岗质岩浆上侵的构造环境与中国东部燕山期构造转折的大背景有关。伸展拉张过程造成的地幔上涌不但是花岗岩类形成的构造条件 ,也对超高压变质岩的快速折返有重要影响。     

构造应力场三维数值模拟的有限单元法

目前构造应力场的研究主要是基于平面的二维分析,随着油气成藏过程三维模拟的发展,应力场的三维数值模拟显得越来越重要.从三维空间角度出发,分析了应力场的有限元模拟与求解的整个过程.基于不规则六面体单元的角点网格数据模型,对有限元求解法进行了分析与研究并提出计算方法.基于不规则角点网格数据模型的三维构造应力场有限元计算方法是本文的创新点.最后用上述方法对东营凹陷的牛庄-王家岗区域三维应力场进行了实际模拟计算,计算结果相比于其他数据模型更符合实际情况.      

枣庄市中区岩溶塌陷特征与成因分析

在已有研究成果的基础上并通过现场调研,系统总结出了枣庄市中区岩溶塌陷特征,即岩溶塌陷的形成与分布在空间上具有方向性,在时间上具有阶段性与集中爆发期。岩溶洞隙发育情况、覆盖层条件和水文动态资料综合分析结果表明,枣庄十里泉地区岩溶塌陷的形成原因主要是真空吸蚀作用。      

祁连山东段童子坝河阶地对气候变化与新构造运动的响应*

通过对祁连山东段童子坝河各级阶地的年代和变形程度进行测定,得到了河流阶地的形成年代和过程,推算出民乐—大马营逆断裂的活动强度和速率,并分析了阶地形成和气候变化之间的关系。童子坝河5级阶地(年龄分别为16.70±1.81 cal,ka BP、 10 092.5±27.5 cal a BP、8127.5±72.5 cal a BP、2900±60 cal a BP、282.5±17.5 cal a BP)均形成于气候由冷转暖的阶段,属于气候成因阶地。基于断裂两侧阶地面的平面几何形态并结合上、下盘阶地横剖面同级阶地的高差,得到T4、T3、T2和T1阶地在民乐—大马营断裂处的垂直位错分别为10.6±3.1,m、5.0±2.6 m、2.0±1.9 m和1.9±1.3 m,推算出全新世以来民乐—大马营断裂的垂直滑动速率为1.05±0.31 mm/a,水平缩短速率为1.02±0.60 mm/a。     

The nonlinear time lag multivariable grey prediction model based on interval grey numbers and its application

Natural Hazards - The linear relationship of the original grey prediction model is too single, and the original grey prediction model does not consider the time delay of the effect of the current...