近岸波浪浅水变形的非线性分析

本文就近岸波浪具有非线性特征提出了应用椭圆余弦波理论来研究波浪浅水变形的非线性问题。本文在椭圆余弦波数值计算的基础上，进一步分析了浅水波浪在ＨＬ~２／Ｄ~３＞２６情形下波高的变化规律，其中考虑了床面底摩擦、底坡和传质水流等因素对波高变化的影响及相应的程度分析。计算结果分析表明，浅水波浪的非线性性质和底部摩擦对波高变化的影响不能忽略，这对确定海岸工程标高有较大的实际意义和经济价值。     

长江口区鱼类的复殖吸虫

中国科学院海洋研究所于1985-1986年进行长江ロ渔业资源生物本底调查,作者对渔业试捕中所获鱼类作复殖吸虫检查,先后共四次,解剖鲜鱼497尾，发现吸虫14种(含褶膜吸虫未定种和芽腺吸虫幼虫),其中有2个新种,均属半尾科 Lemuridae (Looss，1899)Luhe,190l。新种模式标本保存在中国科学院海洋研究所。本文虫体各部分测量一律为mm,卵子为μm。     

Motions of a spherical submarine in waves

The free motions in waves of submerged vehicles with a spherical hull from but different metacentric heights are sought. The problem is analysed by considering the submerged vehicle as a neutrally buoyant sphere. The solutions to two independent problems, namely the radiation problem and the diffraction problem, are required. Nondimensional parameters known as the added mass, damping and diffraction coefficients for neutrally buoyant spheres are derived and computed values of these coefficients are presented in tabulated form. The responses of surge, heave and pitch are explicitly expressed by these coefficients and the metacentric height of the submarine. A spherical submarine is practically motionless relative to the particle movement of waves except at the vicinity of reasonant frequency, which is governed by the value of metacentric height.     

影响计算海湾内台风波浪的诸因素

本文阐明了影响计算海湾内台风波浪的重要因素，使用我们目前已改进了的模式，可克服以往的计算缺陷，而使计算效果达到最佳。同时，阐述了不同海湾、不同的地理环境对台风浪波能的消衰不同。并强调了台风增水对台风浪计算的影响，其也直接影响着工程设计波浪参数的合理选取。     

西沙群岛鱼类复殖吸虫 Ⅱ

作者继续整理1977年在西沙群岛采集的鱼类复殖吸虫标本,共得4科19种,其中有7新种。分别描述于后(新种的鉴定见表1)。其它为地区或宿主新纪录(种名见表2)。测量一律用毫米,卵子为微米。模式标本保存在中国科学院海洋研究所。     

Nonlinear Analysis of Nearshore Wave Height Variation Due to Shoaling

Wave formulae derived from the dispersion relation for cnoidal waves are used to find an analytical solution to the problem of nearshore wave height variation on a simple topography, i. e., with an incrementally constant slope. The solution accounts for shoaling, frictional dissipation and will be sufficiently accurate for practical purposes considering the simplified assumptions which are necessary for the treatment of this problem by any method.     

Laboratory Studies on Property Changes in Surrounding Clays Due to Installation of Deep Mixing Columns

This paper has identified six major factors causing property changes in surrounding soils during and after installation of deep mixing columns: soil thixotropy, soil fracturing, cement penetration and diffusion, cementation, consolidation, and heating. Laboratory tests were performed to investigate the effects of soil thixotropy, soil fracturing, and cementation in a soft marine clay, Ariake clay. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate property changes in surrounding clays due to installation of deep mixing columns. Test results showed that an influential zone of property changes existed in surrounding clay ranging from the edge of the columns to the distance of about twice the radius of the columns. Within this influential zone, water content decreased as samples neared the columns, while pH values and electric conductivity increased. Test results also showed that undrained shear strengths of the surrounding clays decreased during mixing but regained after a 7-day curing period and continued increasing during 28 days in this study.     

浙东沿岸多港口台风增水预报方法的探讨

浙东海岸为东海沿岸遭受台风袭击严重的地段之一.而台风增水所导致的暴潮水位往往又是造成灾害的主要原因.因此,研制或改进出一种适应该地区台风增水的预报技术,并使之投入具体的预报业务,仍是当前一个迫切的研究课题.为此,我们在研究了“Pore模式”的基础上,结合我国具体情况,设计了东海海平面气压网格用于热带风暴(台风)增水的预报,建立一种多港口且具一定时效的预报模式.本文以浙东沿岸两个港口为例,作了初步检验,结果较好.     

Abundant seamounts of the Rano Rahi seamount field near the Southern East Pacific Rise, 15° S to 19° S

A widespread seamount province, the Rano Rahi Field, is located near the superfast spreading Southern East Pacific Rise (SEPR) between 15°–19° S. Particularly abundant volcanic edifices are found on Pacific Plate aged 0 to 6.5 Ma between 17°–19° S, an area greater than 100,000 km². The numbers of seamounts and their volume are several times greater than those of a comparablysurveyed area near the Northern East Pacific Rise (NEPR), 8°–17° N. Most of the Rano Rahi seamounts belong to chains, which vary in length from 25 km to >240 km and which are very nearly collinear with the Pacific absolute and relative plate motion directions. Bends of 10°–15° occur along a few of the chains, and some adjacent chains converge or diverge slightly. Many seamount chains have fluctuations in volume along their length, and statistical tests suggest that some adjacent chains trade-off in volume. Several seamount chains split into two lines of volcanoes approaching the axis. In general, seamount chains composed of individual circular volcanoes are found near the axis; the chains consist of variably-overlapping edifices in the central part of the survey; to the west, volcanic ridges predominate. Near the SEPR, the volume of nearaxis seamount edifices is generally reduced near areas of deflated cross-sectional area of the axial ridge. Fresh lava flows, as imaged by sidescan sonar and sampled by dredging, exist around some seamounts throughout the entire survey area, in sharp contrast to the absence of fresh flows beyond 30 km from the NEPR. Also, the increases in seamount abundance and volume extend to much greater crustal ages than near the NEPR. Seamount magnetization analysis is also consistent with this wider zone of seamount growth, and it demonstrates the asynchronous formation of most of the seamount chains and volcanic ridges. The variety of observations of the SEPR seamounts suggests that a number of factors and mechanisms might bring about their formation, including the mantle upwelling associated with superfast spreading, off-axis mantle heterogeneities, miniplumes and local upwelling, and the vulnerability of the lithosphere to penetration by volumes of magma. In particular, we note the association of extensive, recent volcanism with intermediate wavelength gravity lineaments lows on crust aged 6 Ma. This suggests that the lineaments and some of the seamounts share a common cause which may be related to ridge-perpendicular asthenospheric convection and/or some manner of extension in the lithosphere.     

长江口区营养盐的分布特征及三峡工程对其影响

在长江口海区,长江冲淡水、台湾暖流、黄海冷水等多种水系混合、交汇,错综复杂。对河口营养盐分布变化规律的研究,将为河口环境和生态变化提供可靠的依据,营养盐作为长江口这一世界著名渔场的化学物质基础具有重要意义。本文通过对长江口及其附近海域的周年观察,讨论了各种营养盐(包括磷、硅和氮)的时空变化规律和它们在河口的转移过程,估算了营养盐的年输出量,并提出了长江流量和营养盐输出量之间的关系,初步预报了三峡工程对长江口营养盐可能产生的影响。