The Interrelationship of Micro-Meso and Macroscopic Structures on the Western Limb of the Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis, Pakistan

Detailed micro-meso to macroscopic structural analyses reveal two deformation phases in the western limb of the Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis(HKS). Bulk top to NW shearing transformed initially symmetrical NNE-SSW trending meso to macroscopic folds from asymmetric to overturned ones without changing their trend. Sigmoidal en-echelon tension gashes developed during this deformation,that were oblique to bedding parallel worm burrows and bedding planes themselves. Strain analyses of deformed elliptical ooids using the R_f/φ method constrain the internal strain patterns of the NNE-SSW structures. The principal stretching axis(S_3) defined by deformed elliptical ooids is oriented N27°E at right angles to WNW-ESE shortening. The deformed elliptical ooids in sub-vertical bedding vertical planes contain ooids that plunge ~70° SE due to NW-directed tectonic transport. Finite strain ratios are1.45(R_(xy)) parallel to bedding plane and 1.46(R_(yz)) for the vertical plane. From these 2D strain values, we derive an oblate strain ellipsoidal in 3D using the Flinn and Hsu/Nadai techniques. Strains calculated from deformed elliptical ooids average-18.10% parallel to bedding and-18.47% in the vertical plane.However, a balanced cross-section through the study area indicates a minimum of~-28% shortening.Consequently, regional shortening was only partially accommodated by internal deformation.     

Geochemical Exploration on the Stream Sediments of Gabal El Mueilha Area, Central Eastern Desert, Egypt: An Overview on the Rare Metals

Abstract: El Mueilha area consists of post-collision granitic rocks intruding Pan-African metasediments, metavolcanics and granodiorites. Tin mineralization in Gabal El Mueilha is either of vein type or disseminated in the greisenized and albitized parts of the granitic rocks. Cassiterite and wolframite-bearing quartz veins also characterize a small intrusion of muscovite granite at El Mueilha tin mine area. Detailed geochemical prospecting for the rare metals Sn, Nb, Be, Li, U, Th and some other trace elements was carried out at Gabal El Mueilha area using stream sediments survey. Sixty-seven stream sediment samples were collected from the main drainage patterns of the study area. Statistical parameters were calculated for the analyzed elements. The sought elements Sn, Nb, Be and Li have relatively high background values in the studied sediments. This may reflect the role of the pathfinder elements (Nb, Be and Li) during secondary dispersion survey for Sn mineralization.
Geochemical maps were constructed to delineate anomalous areas with abnormally high rare metal contents. The anomalous Sn, Nb and Be areas are mainly encountered in the main stream draining the mineralized zones of El Mueilha tin mine and near the SW albitized parts of the post-collision granite. Correlation coefficient matrices show significant positive relation between Sn and the rare metals group (Nb, Rb and Li) at 99 % significant level. R-mode factor analysis for the concerned elements yields five factor–model.     

利用经验线方法校准ASTER和ETM+影像——以也门Hajjah东北部为例(英文)

This study is aimed at using the Empirical Line Method (ELM) to eliminate atmospheric effects with respect to visible and near infrared bands of advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) and enhanced thematic mapper plus (ETM+) data. Two targets (Amran limestone as light target and quartz-biotite-sericite-graphite schists as dark target), which were widely exposed and easy to identify in the imagery were selected. The accuracy of the atmos-pheric correction method was evaluated ...     

Reservoir Potential Assessment of the Tortonian–Calabrian Sediments from Offshore Makran(Southwest Pakistan) through a Multidisciplinary Approach

The Tortonian–Calabrian strata of Offshore Makran(Pakistan) is investigated for the purpose of reservoir assessment. The stratigraphy and petrophysics indicate that the Neogene sediments have tight reservoir potential with porosities in the range of 3%–9% and 40%–50% water saturation. The mineralogical cross plots indicate a mixed lithology with an abundance of dolomite and calcite, together with minor quartz content and shale. The seismic interpretation demonstrates medium–high amplitude reflec...     

乌鲁木齐市低层大气稳定度分布特征的统计分析

利用乌鲁木齐市4座100 m梯度气象塔2013年6月至2014年4月10 min气象资料,对比分析了温差法、温差-风速法、风速比法、理查森数法和总体理查森数法计算的A~F类大气稳定度的适用性,表明温差-风速法更适合乌鲁木齐市大气稳定度的分类,运用该方法计算出的A~F类稳定度进而统计分析乌鲁木齐市城区和郊区稳定度的频率分布特征。结果表明:郊区稳定类所占比例高于城区,城区中性类高于郊区,南郊和城区不稳定类高于北郊。中性类在冬季较大,春季和秋季较低;不稳定类在6月最高、9和1月最低;稳定类在10和1月最高、6和7月最低。白天以不稳定为主(占全天88.3%~96.3%)、夜间以稳定为主(占全天51.3%~60%),夏季最明显。不稳定与中性、稳定的日变化相反,郊区日出时和城区日出后2 h左右稳定类频率最大。中性(D类)在日出和日落后1~3 h分别出现两个峰值。寒潮天气稳定性比高温天气强,静风天气郊区稳定类比大风天气强,扬沙发生前以中性和稳定类稳定度为主、发生时和发生后以不稳定为主,降雨天气不稳定类比暴雪天气强。春季和夏季重污染天气B、C和F类为主,夏季南郊和近北郊C和F类约45%,秋季B和E类为主,约40%~50%;冬季城区D类频率最大,南郊、北郊和近北郊F类频率最大。     

乌鲁木齐市气象塔梯度观测资料质量控制与处理

本文介绍了乌鲁木齐市建成区内5座100 m气象塔地理位置,根据逻辑极值检查、僵值检查、时间一致性检查、空间一致性检查和人工干预检查等组成的一套针对气象塔观测资料的质量控制方法和四点滑动平均插值、要素垂直分布拟合和线性回归方法组成的数据插值方法,对乌鲁木齐市从南至北5座100 m气象塔2012年4月1日至2014年4月30日的资料进行质量控制和数据插值。结果表明:该套方案能很好地找出缺测、错误和可疑的数据,结合人工干预,使得检验结果更为可靠。5座气象塔资料的质量是比较好的,正常数据占总数据的97.17%,其中红光山数据质量最好(正常数据占总数据的99.01%)。非正常数据只是少数情况(占总数据的2.83%),包括缺测和错误数据,其中缺测数据占非正常数据的6.23%(出现在米东和燕南立交),错误数据占非正常数据的93.77%。虚假数据占错误数据的89.99%(大部分为风速、风向),僵值数据占错误数据的5.47%(大部分为气温和湿度).超出逻辑极值数据占错误数据的0.41%(只出现在水塔山气温),不符合一致性数据占错误数据的4.13%(主要为湿度,主要在燕南立交)。利用四点中央插值法、每座气象塔要素垂直分布拟合和不同气象塔之间线性回归方法插值气温和相对湿度的效果较好。     

Effect of polystyrene microplastics and temperature on growth,intestinal histology and immune responses of brine shrimp Artemia franciscana

Microplastics pollution and seawater temperature rise have been the major environmental issues, threatening the survival and biodiversity of marine organisms. T...     

新源县复杂地形下的风电场风场结构特征分析

利用新源县风电场周边气象站及测风塔观测资料、ERA5-Land再分析资料和数值模拟结果,分析新源县风电场的风场结构特征。结果表明：（1）风电场周边气象站的逐小时10m风速均呈现出早、晚偏低,中午偏高的变化规律。喀拉布拉镇站和公安农场站的风向主要以东风和南风为主,肖尔布拉克沟站的风向则以南风为主。测风塔4302的风速随着高度变化不明显。测风塔4301-4306均存在南风和北风,但各风向占比有一定差异。随高度升高,测风塔南风风向呈现出东南转西南的趋势。（2）ERA5-Land资料不能很好地再现研究区域风场变化。（3）数值模拟的风场变化具有一定山谷风特征。夜间的风向以东南风为主,白天则低海拔河谷地带风吹向山顶,北部谷风逐渐主导东北风向。20时,风电场区域主要以西北风为主。     

Toxicity of five phenolic compounds to brine shrimp Artemia sinica (Crustacea: Artemiidae)

The acute toxicity of five phenolic compounds each to 15 d old Artemia sinica was determined in this study. The brine shrimp A. sinica was hatched from the encysted dry eggs(Bohai Bay Brand) produced by Dongying Ocean Artemia Co., Ltd., China at 27℃± 1℃ in pre-filtered(through pores of 0.45 μm in diameter) and autoclaved seawater(salinity 31, pH 7.5–8.0) in a cilindroconical glass beaker(2000 mL in volume) under continuous illumination(provided by a side set 20 W fluorescent lamp) with slight aeration. Ten Artemia individuals from the same batch of the hatched were cultured in 10 mL toxicant solution prepared with seawater(salinity 31, pH 7.5–8.0) at room temperature(about 20℃) to determine 24 h, 48 h and 72 h medium lethal concentration(LC50) of 5 phenolic compounds each. It was found that the toxicity of n-heptylphenol was the highest followed by nonylphenol, t-butylphenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and bisphenol A in order. The LC50 values of the 5 compounds were calculated with regression analysis. The real concentration(in μg- L1) of 5 phenolic compounds each in toxicant solutions was measured with GC/MS analysis. Significant loss of phenolic compounds caused by either adsorption or desorption was not found. The significant difference of LC50 values was found among the five compounds 3 exposure times each. The range between the highest no-observed-effect concentration(NOEC) and 100% death causing concentration of five phenolic compounds each was determined. The toxicity in term of 24 h LC50 value of n-HP was 9.10 times higher than that of BPA, 1.71 times higher than t-BP, 1.53 times higher than 2,4-DCP and 1.36 times higher than NP, respectively.