面向城区宽基线立体像对视角变化的结构自适应特征点匹配

提出一种基于结构自适应特征的城区宽基线影像特征点匹配方法。首先,对影像提取点特征和直线特征,挖掘点特征与其邻域内直线特征之间的几何关系,构建结构自适应的特征区域和特征描述符,并通过双向匹配策略获得初始匹配结果。然后,基于初匹配结果估计影像基础矩阵,构建核线约束的结构自适应特征匹配算法进行二次匹配。最后,将已匹配特征作为控制基础设计匹配扩展算法,进一步增加匹配点数量。本文方法以特征点邻域几何结构为出发点,构建自适应的特征区域,能够在显著的影像视角变化下,为同名特征点提取影像内容一致的特征区域,进而获得相似的特征描述符。试验结果证明,与传统算法相比,本文方法在城区宽基线影像上能够同时获得更多的正确匹配特征和更高的匹配正确率。     

转移概率预报方法在霜冻预报中的应用

本文在简介转移概率预报方法及最大概率预报原理的基础上,分析了吕梁市1957年～2000年霜冻初、终日期各随机时间序列状态之间的转换规律,结合各序列的初始分布,建立预报模型,并对1995年～2004年的初、终霜日期进行了预报效果检验。结果表明,该方法预报效果好,使用性强,具有良好的应用前景。     

Anthropogenic,detritic and atmospheric soil-derived sources of lead in an alpine poor fen in northeast China

Ombrotrophic bogs are faithful archive of atmospheric metal deposition,but the potential for fens to reconstruct environmental change is often underestimated.In this study,some new data on the Pb depositional history in northeast China were provided using two 210Pb-dated peat sequences from a poor fen in the Fenghuang Mountain of Heilongjiang province.Anthropogenic,detritic and atmospheric soil sources were discriminated using a two-step sequential digestion(weak acid leaching to liberate mobile Pb which is often regarded as anthropogenic Pb,especially for recent samples)and a ratio of unsupported 210 Pb and supported 210 Pb with the logic of that the 214 Pb mainly represents the residual detritus(constant throughout the core)and the unsupported 210 Pb arises from atmospheric fallout.A higher 210Pb/214 Pb suggests more contributions from atmospheric deposition to the Pb content in the peat,and a ratio of 10 was defined to indicate the boundary between detritic input and atmospheric deposition.The detritic Pbwas estimated to be 10~(-1)3 mg·kg~(-1),the anthropogenic Pb ranged from 10-80 mg·kg~(-1),and the atmospheric soil-derived Pb ranged from 5 mg·kg~(-1) to 30mg·kg~(-1).The history of anthropogenic Pb pollution over the last 150 years was reconstructed,and the calculated Pb deposition rate(AR Pb) ranged from 5to 56 mg·m-2·yr~(-1).Using Ti as a reliable reference,the enrichment factor of Pb(EF Pb) relative to the upper continental crust was calculated.Both AR Pb and EF Pb increased with time,especially after the foundation of the People's Republic of China.This is consistent with increasing industrialization and coal burning in the last 60 years in northeast China.The present record of anthropogenic Pb deposition was consistent with the previous reports and an increasing trend of environmental pollution due to anthropogenic activities,in contrasts to Europe and North America which have experienced a major environmental cleanup.For the first time,this work estimates atmospheric Pb deposition via a minerotrophic peat core in China.This will enhance the use of peat archives for studies of environmental change.     

THE RESEARCH ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND FORMS OF HEAVY METALS IN THE XIANGJIANG RIVER SEDIMENTS

In this paper, the contents and various forms of Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb in the sediments of the Xiangjiang River have been investigated. The presentation of this paper focuses on the various forms and characteristics of the heavy metals in the column sediments at Xiawan Port of Zhuzhou, which has been severely polluted by a metallurgical plant.The forms of the heavy metals discussed in this paper are: The concentration of the exchangeable forms of Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb, in the forms of carbonates and Fe/ Mn oxide in water, the combination of Cu with organic matter and form, and the proportion of the residue form at each section have been studied.     

Distributed Source Coding of Hyperspectral Images Based on Three-Dimensional Wavelet

To reduce the possibility of poor efficiency and weak anti-error capability while encoding and transmitting hyperspectral images, we present a distributed source coding scheme for hyperspectral images based on three-dimensional (3D) set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT). First, the 3D wavelet transform is performed on the hyperspectral image. Thereafter, the low frequency section is regarded as the Key frame and the high frequency section as the Wyner–Ziv frame to enable independent SPIHT coding through different transmission channels. The Wyner–Ziv encoder uses Turbo channel coding to create high frequency information that reflects the details of the image with better anti-error capacity, while the low frequency information shows the main energy of the image. In this study, we used SPIHT coding to acquire a bit stream with quality scalability. Results show that the proposed scheme is more efficient during coding, while at the same time providing improved anti-error capability and quality scalability of the bit stream.     

����ƹ�ģ�ͷ���������Ƶ�һ���·���

????????????????????????????????????????Helmert???????????????????????????????????в???????????????????????????????????????????????????????÷????????????????????????????????????????????????????????     

黄河口及渤海中南部沉积物工程特性及其机理

采用Ｋａｓｔｅｎ取样器从黄河口及渤海湾中南部海底沉积物中取样，对样品通过土工性质、微结构研究以及粘土矿物分析，阐明本研究区三维空间展布的海底沉积物形成机理及其工程地质规律，论证水动力作用和斜坡不稳定性对工程特性和微结构的重要影响．     

潮汐水域中污水侧向排放的数值模拟

基于N-S方程,采用深度平均的应力-通量代数全场模型,模拟流场及热水或污染物侧向排入大水体的各向异性的输移扩散规律。模型中采用深度平均的连续、动量、浓度方程进行潮汐流动的数值模拟计算,潮流采用非对称潮流,模拟结果给出了一个周期内流场、污染物浓度场随时间的变化特征。所得的数值结果与他人的模型实验结果非常一致,而较其他结果更合理,说明本模型的合理性和可靠性。     

长江河口径流与盐度的谱分析

根据大通水文站的流量和引水船站的盐度系列资料,应用谱分析方法研究长江口径流、盐度的变化规律及两者的相互关系.分析表明,长江口径流存在4～8a,2～3a,1.5a,1a,30～60d及20d的及化周期;盐度存在5～10a,2～3a,1.5a,1a,0.5a,40～50d,26～30d,14～15d7～8d及3.5d的变化周期.径流和盐度的谱结构在各水文年基本一致,均以1a周期变化占优势,但盐度谱结构在高频部分较径流的谱结构具有更大的振荡.盐度与流量的5～10a,2～3a,1.5a,1a的周期振动上存在高相关.径流对盐度变化的影响主要体现在低频部分.在低频变化中表现为盐度变化滞后于径流变化,在高频带呈同步变化.