2018年南黄海浒苔绿潮发展规律及氮组分的作用探究

根据2018年南黄海漂浮态浒苔(Ulva prolifera)绿潮规模卫星监测数据以及春、夏季(4月和7月,绿潮前后)水文环境要素和氮营养盐等数据,对2018年绿潮发展规律及不同氮组分在其中的作用进行分析。结果表明:浒苔于4月25日在江苏南通近海首次发现,随后其向北漂移增殖扩展在6月29日达到最大规模,8月中旬消失。绿潮漂移区域集中在122°E以西近海并呈现两个明显的发展阶段:35°N以南江苏近海绿潮快速增殖阶段和35°N以北山东半岛外海域绿潮聚积衰退阶段。各氮营养盐组分受径流输入、冷水团以及生物活动等因素影响,呈现明显的区域和季节特征。不同绿潮阶段受氮营养盐影响不同,绿潮快速增殖阶段,丰富的氮营养盐(总溶解氮(TDN)>20 μmol/L和溶解无机氮(DIN)>20 μmol/L)是浒苔藻快速繁殖生长的物质基础,此阶段为整个绿潮发展提供了主要的氮支撑且以DIN为主要形态。绿潮聚积衰退阶段,较低的可利用氮(DIN<2 μmol/L和尿素(urea-N)<1.5 μmol/L)不利于浒苔藻持续繁殖生长,此阶段内有机氮(如urea-N)在绿潮后期的氮支撑中起到重要作用。     

近1000年来西格陵兰荷尔斯泰因斯堡港生物硅指示的海洋生产力变化

We analyzed the biogenic silica(BSi) content and produced a diatom-based summer sea-surface temperature(SST) reconstruction for sediment core GC4 from the Holsteinsborg Dyb, West Greenland. Our aim was to reconstruct marine productivity and climatic fluctuations during the last millennium. Increased BSi content and diatom abundance suggest relatively high marine productively during the interval of AD 1000–1400, corresponding in time to the Medieval Warm Period(MWP). The summer SST reconstruction indicates relatively warm conditions during AD 900–1100, followed by cooling after AD 1100. An extended cooling period during AD 1400–1900 is characterized by prolonged low in reconstructed SST and high sea-ice concentration. The BSi values fluctuated during this period, suggesting varying marine productivity during the Little Ice Age(LIA).There is no significant correlation between the BSi content and SST during the last millennium, suggesting that the summer SST has little influence on marine productively in the Holsteinsborg Dyb. A good correspondence between the BSi content and the element Ti counts in core GC4 suggests that silicate-rich meltwater from the Greenland ice sheet was likely responsible for changes in marine productively in the Holsteinsborg Dyb.     

基于图式语言的少数民族传统村落空间布局特征研究

选取芋头村、皇都村、高上村及坪坦村4个典型侗族传统村落,以探究不同区域间图式语言的空间嵌套为目的,对侗族传统村落空间布局特征进行分析和总结。研究显示：① 不同侗族传统村落图式语汇类型多样,但互相之间存在共通性。通过对坪坦村进行图式语言空间嵌套,验证了侗族传统村落空间布局图式语言体系的有效性和普适性。② 侗族传统村落始终坚持“顺其自然,因地制宜”的基本理念有序发展,多呈现“水域空间–居住空间–连接空间–公共空间”的空间序列。③ 侗族传统村落整体上表现为以公共建筑为核心,周围建筑呈向心内聚式分布的特点。④ 侗族传统村落发展扩张中始终遵循本土性和秩序性的语法原则,空间要素的设计和布局多以传统风水观为指导。⑤ 传统村落空间布局图式语言体系对于同类型村落的空间修复与更新具有积极作用,其语汇、句法及语法的空间普适性有利于实现传统村落景观风貌的有效保护和可持续发展。     

滆湖磷迁移过程研究(二)——磷平衡及磷迁移的预测

在滆湖磷的来源途径调查和磷迁移过程模型建立的基础上,计算了磷的平衡及磷浓度的变化趋势。结果表明,滆湖磷的年入湖量为270t,年出湖量为174．5t,滞留系数为0．35。在适当控制和合理利用磷资源的情况下,滆湖水体将继续维持目前的中营养水平;反之,隔湖磷浓度将逐年上升,湖水富营养化的进程将会大大加快。     

腾格里沙漠盐湖氯同位素地球化学特征

δ~(37)Cl值可以用来指示盐湖演化过程中卤水的蒸发浓缩程度、可能的补给来源和控制因素,本文对腾格里沙漠地区12个代表性盐湖卤水样品开展了氯同位素组成研究.结果表明,研究区内沙漠盐湖卤水的δ~(37)Cl值变化范围为-0.10‰~1.36‰,平均值为0.55‰;其中,硫酸钠亚型卤水的δ~(37)Cl值范围为-0.10‰~1.36‰(平均值为0.56‰),硫酸镁亚型卤水的δ~(37)Cl值范围为0.14‰~0.82‰(平均值为0.48‰).对比柴达木盆地现代盐湖分析数据,发现区内沙漠盐湖的δ~(37)Cl平均值明显大于柴达木盆地盐湖的δ~(37)Cl平均值,并且,硫酸钠亚型卤水δ~(37)Cl最高,硫酸镁亚型卤水次之,氯化物型卤水最小.基于不同盐湖地下水咸化程度以及盐湖卤水中δ~(37)Cl值与Br/Cl系数关系的研究,揭示了研究区东部和东北部盐湖可能受到第三系地层咸水的补给,而其他盐湖主要受蒸发浓缩作用影响.δ~(37)Cl值分布特征则显示,腾格里沙漠地区部分盐湖在形成过程中可能受到区域构造活动诱发的第三系深部水补给及水-岩作用等多重因素的影响.     

全球冰川径流中硅的研究进展

硅(Si)是硅藻等海洋生物必需的营养元素,在海洋生态系统和碳循环方面扮演着重要角色.在全球变暖背景下,冰川加速消融,融水径流量快速增加,流域硅酸盐风化作用逐渐增强,导致大量Si元素随着融水释放出来并进入下游,很可能影响陆地与海洋生态系统生产力、碳循环并反馈气候变化.当前与冰川消融有关的Si释放及其影响研究已成为国际热点...     

AutoCAD在桩基工程测量内业计算中的应用

高速铁路线下工程主要测量任务是桥梁桩基放样,而全线桥梁桩基坐标计算量大、复杂且极易出错。对此,结合沪杭高铁工程实例提出一种利用AUTOCAD进行坐标计算的方法,不但可以提高计算速度,而且可以提高计算质量。     

跨孔视电阻率异常特征的提取和识别

讨论了奇异值向量作为二维数字图象特征的理论依据并用于跨孔条件下视电阻率异常信息剖面图。对位于钻孔剖面内的三维椭球体模型,利用系统正演结果所建立的样本集,进行了视电阻率异常信息剖面图的奇异值特征提取和识别,取得了满意的初步结果。     

Genesis of the Wulong gold deposit,Liaoning Province,NE China:Constrains from noble gases,radiogenic and stable isotope studies

TheWulong lode deposit contains over 80 tonnes of gold with an average grade of 5.35 g/t.It is one of the largest deposits in Dandong City,Liaoning Province in northeast China.Previous studies on the deposit focused on its geological characteristics,geochemistry,fluid inclusions,and the timing of gold mineralization.However,controversy remains regarding the origin of the ore-forming fluids and metals,and the genesis of the gold deposit.This paper presents zircon UePb and pyrite RbeSr ages and S,Pb,He,and Ar isotopic results along with quartz H and O isotopic data for all litho-units associated with the deposit.Laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry measurements yielded zircon UePb dates for samples of pre-mineralization rocks like granite porphyry dike,the Sanguliu granodiorite,fine-grained diorite,and syn-mineralization diorite,as well as post-mineralization dolerite,and lamprophyre;their emplacement ages are 126
1 Ma,124
1 Ma,123
1 Ma,120
1 Ma,119
2 Ma,and 115
2 Ma,respectively.The pyrite RbeSr isochron age is 119
1 Ma,indicating that both magmatism and mineralization occurred during the Early Cretaceous.The d18OH2O values of ore-forming hydrothermal fluids from the quartzepolymetallic sulfide vein stage vary from 4.8&to 6.5&,and the dDV-SMOW values are between67.7&and75.9&,indicating that the ore-forming fluids were primarily magmatic.The noble gas isotope compositions of fluid inclusions hosted in pyrite suggest that the ore-forming fluids were dominantly derived from crustal sources with minor mantle input.Sulfur isotopic values of pyrite vary between 0.2&and 3.5&,suggesting that S was derived from a homogeneous magmatic source or possibly from fluids derived from the crust.The Pb isotopic compositions of sulfides(207Pb/204Pb?15.51 e15.71,206Pb/204Pb?17.35e18.75,208Pb/204Pb?38.27e40.03)indicate that the Pb of the Wulong gold deposit is a mixture of crust and mantle components.Geochronological and geochemical data,together with the regional geological history,indicate that Early Cretaceous magmatism and mineralization of the Wulong gold deposit occurred during the rollback of the subducting Paleo-Pacific Plate,which resulted in lithospheric thinning and the destruction of the North China Craton(NCC),which indicates that the deposit is of magmaticehydrothermal origin.     

数字地震震相集

震相识别在地震学中是一项非常重要的工作,也是经验性很强的工作,只有通过对大量的震例进行分析研究,才能具备较强的震相分析经验.Dzku数字地震震相集系统的研制,为广大地震工作者提供了一个提高地震分析能力、积累分析经验的平台.