Electromagnetic induction in a spherical model of the earth with a real distribution of near-surface conductivity

The current functions calculated for a spherical Earth model with real near-surface conductivity distribution are presented. The system is excited by a uniform external field of three different polarizations.     

Tropical Nights in Georgia

Based on observational data from 30 weather stations in Georgia for the period of 1936–2013, the geography, statistical structure, intensity, duration, and dynamics of tropical nights are investigated. The geoinformation map was constructed for the number of tropical nights for the WMO base period. The periods of occurrence and return of their different gradations and the regularities of long-term variations are revealed.     

降水自记纸迹线提取有关异常处理的案例分析

在历史气象资料数字化工作中,降水自记纸迹线提取是通过计算机软件技术手段,按照提取技术要求并结合台站观测记录和实际天气现象,对降水迹线进行分析、模拟并生成序列数据的数字化过程。根据利用软件提取降水自记纸迹线的工作实践,分析了降水自记纸迹线提取过程中遇到的异常处理个例,并提供了相应的科学处理方法。     

Air temperature trends in Georgia under global warming conditions

Air temperature trends under conditions of global warming are studied using the observational data from 87 meteorological stations of Georgia for the period of 1936–2011. Plotted are the geographic information maps of the spatial structure of temperature variation rate.     

Miocene dislocations during the formation of the Sea of Japan basin: Case study of Tsushima Island

Lower Miocene rocks of the Taishu Group accumulated in the Tsushima pull-apart graben, which downwarped and was filled with sediments at a particularly high rate (about 2700 m/Ma), in the background of northeastern regional shortening. A considerable part of the sedimentary prism is composed of material supplied by landslide blocks from the shallow shelf. Folding and penetration of granite intrusions on Tsushima Island occurred ca. 15 Ma ago, simultaneously with the main phase of opening of the Sea of Japan, in the field of different, northwestern shortening, which had a local character and was related to clockwise rotation of the Southwestern Japan block. These rotations in turn could have been the result of an intensive rifting episode in the Central and Honshu basins of the Sea of Japan, which are located north of Tsushima Island.     

Caledonian formation of gold-bearing sulfide depositions in Early Proterozoic gabbroids in the northern Ladoga region

We have studied Pb isotopic systems of K-feldspar, pyrite, and pyrrhotine from gabbroids and ore of the Velimyaki Early Proterozoic massif in the northern Ladoga region in the southeastern part of the Fennoscandian Shield. The isochronous Pb–Pb age of sulfides has been determined as ～450 Ma, which corresponds to intersection of the regression line with the lead accumulation curve with μ = 10.4–10.8; the model Pb age of sulfides is close to isochronous under the condition that the composition of lead evolved from a geochemical reservoir with an age of 1.9 Ga. The isotopic parameters of the lead in sulfides and K-feldspar indicate their formation in upper crust conditions (μ = ²³⁸U/²⁰⁴Pb > 10). From the obtained data, it follows that the isotopic composition of lead in K-feldspar corresponds to a Proterozoic age (1890 Ma) of magmatic crystallization of the rocks in the massif, and strongly radiogenic lead sulfides testify, with the greatest probability, to the later (Caledonian) formation of sulfide ores.     

Precipitation under Subtropical High Conditions: Evidence and Implications

The impact of the subtropical high （STH） on precipitation was investigated on a daily timescale using matched NCEP and the Global Precipitation Climatology Project （GPCP） datasets. Comparison of the conditional probability （intensity） of precipitation under STH conditions with that under non-STH conditions suggests that the presence of the STH conditions has a limited impact on local precipitation. In the West Pacific Subtropical High （WPSH） and the North Atlantic Subtropical High （NASH）, precipitation was only 30% lower under STH conditions than under non-STH conditions. The STH conditions had somewhat more impact on precipitation intensity, but it was still 50% less than the intensity under non-STH conditions （mean of roughly 5 mm d^-1）. Precipitation under STH conditions was found to be highly correlated with vertical motion. Active updrafts occurring even under STH conditions are essential for frequent occurrences and moderate intensities of precipitation.     

Icing of wires in mountain areas of Georgia

The peculiarities of wire icing in mountain areas of Georgia are investigated using the observational data of 14 meteorological stations of Georgia. Determined are the maximum frequency and the maximum mass of glaze-ice deposits, as well as the frequency of deposits of different mass and thickness. Considered are the effects of orography and meteorological conditions on the wire icing processes.     

Formation of the Late Cenozoic volcanic complexes of the Lesser Caucasus

The paper considers the role of the lithospheric mantle and asthenosphere during the Late Cenozoic collision volcanism of the Lesser Caucasus. The results of petrogeochemical studies show that the products of volcanism of the West Volcanic Zone of Armenia and the calc-alkaline andesite–dacite–rhyodacite complex of the Neogene Kelbadzhar and Karabakh plateaus were formed from an enriched source in a suprasubduction setting. Late Pliocene–Quaternary moderately alkaline and alkaline volcanic rocks of the Lesser Caucasus differ in petrogeochemistry from suprasubduction volcanic rocks. In trace element contents and patterns, they are similar to rocks formed from an enriched mantle source. Comparative analysis of the geological and geophysical data suggests the model of lithospheric slab break-off of the thickened lithosphere as the triggering mechanism for Late Cenozoic magmatism of the Lesser Caucasus.     

山东九龙群炒米店组概念新议

山东地区寒武系-奥陶系界线以往是以三叶虫和角石生物带为依据来确定,由于在界线上下几十米难以获得这类可供鉴定的大化石,这一重要年代地层界线实际上就划在三山子组b段之底。在长清区崮山镇范庄剖面上该界线确定在炒米店组之顶界,因而山东炒米店组被定义为"上寒武统最上部的一个岩石地层单位"。近年来,在长清张夏—崮山地区、青州尧王山地区和莱芜黄羊山地区,根据牙形石"Cordylodus lindstromi"准确确定的寒武系-奥陶系界线均位于炒米店组内部,分别距炒米店组顶9.05m、58.10m和4.00m。根据上述成果和岩石地层单位命名原则,炒米店组应定义为跨寒武纪与奥陶纪的岩石地层单位。